Transcriptome analysis reveal the effect of freshwater sediments containing 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the Macrobrachium rosenbergii hepatopancreas, intestine, and muscle.

This research evaluated the hepatopancreas, intestine, and muscle transcriptome alternation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and to confirm the relative glycerophospholipid, cytochrome P450 system, and fatty acid metabolism gene expression in sediments containing 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) of 60 ng/sediment (g) and 700 ng/sediment (g) for 90 days of culture. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the TCDD sediment affected the hepatopancreatic metabolism of xenobiotics in M. rosenbergii via the cytochrome P450 system, drug metabolism-other enzymes, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, chemical carcinogenesis, and lysosome function. Intestinal analysis also showed a similar phenomenon, but this finding was not observed in the muscle tissue. qPCR analysis indicated that the expression levels of APTG4, LPGAT1, ACHE, GPX4, ECHS1, ATP5B, FABP, and ACC in the hepatopancreatic and intestinal tissues decreased, but those in the muscle tissues did not. In summary, TCDD sediment induced tissue metabolism, especially in the hepatopancreas and intestine. TCDD sediment mainly affected the digestive enzyme gene expression with concentration. These results indicated that the presence of TCDD in the sediment played a major role in the hepatopancreatic and intestinal metabolism system of M. rosenbergii.

Development and application of an uncapped mRNA platform

A novel uncapped mRNA platform was developed. Five lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA constructs were made to evaluate several aspects of our platform, including transfection efficiency and durability in vitro and in vivo and the activation of humoral and cellular immunity in several animal models. The constructs were eGFP-mRNA-LNP (for enhanced green fluorescence mRNA), Fluc-mRNA-LNP (for firefly luciferase mRNA), S{delta}T-mRNA-LNP (for Delta strain SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer mRNA), gDED-mRNA-LNP (for truncated glycoprotein D mRNA coding ectodomain from herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2)) and gDFR-mRNA-LNP (for truncated HSV2 glycoprotein D mRNA coding amino acids 1~400). Quantifiable target protein expression was achieved in vitro and in vivo with eGFP- and Fluc-mRNA-LNP. S{delta}T-mRNA-LNP, gDED-mRNA-LNP and gDFR-mRNA-LNP induced both humoral and cellular immune responses comparable to those obtained by previously reported capped mRNA-LNP constructs. Notably, 25, 50 and 100 g of S{delta}T-mRNA-LNP all elicited neutralizing antibodies in hamsters against the Omicron and Delta strains. Additionally, gDED-mRNA-LNP and gDFR-mRNA-LNP induced potent neutralizing antibodies in rabbits and mice. The mRNA constructs with uridine triphosphate (UTP) outperformed those with N1-methylpseudouridine triphosphate (N1m{psi}TP) in the in vivo expression of luciferase and the induction of antibodies via S{delta}T-mRNA-LNP. Our uncapped, process-simplified, and economical mRNA platform may have broad utility in vaccines and protein replacement drugs.

Exploring the detection of MYD88 mutation in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia by different methods and specimens / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To improve the positivity rate and accuracy of MYD88 mutation detection in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) . Methods: MYD88 mutation status was retrospectively evaluated in 66 patients diagnosed with WM in Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2017 to June 2021. The positivity rate and accuracy of the different methods and specimens for MYD88 mutation detection were analyzed. Results: MYD88 mutations were detected in 51 of 66 patients with WM, with an overall positivity rate of 77%. The positivity rate of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) or allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) was significantly higher than that of the first-generation Sanger sequencing (84% vs 71% vs 46%, P<0.05) . For the different specimens, the positivity rate for the lymph nodes or bone marrow was significantly higher than that of peripheral blood (79% vs 84% vs 52%, P<0.05) . The positivity rate of the MYD88 mutation in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, and peripheral blood determined by NGS was 86%, 90%, and 67%, respectively. The positivity rate in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, and peripheral blood detected by AS-PCR was 78%, 81%, and 53%, respectively. Thirty-nine patients with WM underwent ≥ 2 MYD88 mutation detections. The final MYD88 mutational status for each patient was used as the standard to determine the accuracy of the different methods and in different specimens. The accuracy of MYD88 mutation detection in the lymph nodes (n=18) and bone marrow (n=13) by NGS was significantly higher than that in the peripheral blood (n=4) (100% vs 100% vs 75%, P<0.05) . There was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy of MYD88 mutation detection by AS-PCR in the lymph nodes (n=15) , bone marrow (n=11) , or peripheral blood (n=16) (93% vs 91% vs 88%, P>0.05) . Conclusions: In the detection of the MYD88 mutation in patients diagnosed with WM, NGS or AS-PCR is more sensitive than Sanger sequencing. Lymph nodes and bone marrow specimens are better than peripheral blood specimens.

Status of thyroid function and intelligence quotient of children in areas with different iodine nutrition levels in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To learn about the status of thyroid function and intelligence quotient (IQ) of children in areas with different iodine nutrition levels in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and to explore the health risk of children with median urinary iodine of 200 - 299 μg/L, and to provide a basis for scientific iodine supplementation.Methods:In May 2019, in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Altay Prefecture and Kashgar Prefecture were selected, where the median urinary iodine of children aged 8 to 10 years were 100 - 199 and 200 - 299 μg/L for three consecutive years (2017 - 2019). A stratified random sampling method was used to select 400 children aged 8 to 10 years in each of the two regions, urine and blood samples were collected to detect urinary iodine and thyroid function [thyrotropin stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT 4), free triiodothyronine (FT 3), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb)]. At the same time, children's IQ was measured and determined by Second Revision of Combined Raven's Test (CRT-C2) in China and Second Revision of Combined Raven's Test for Children-the Rural, in China (CRT-RC2). Results:The median urinary iodine of children aged 8 to 10 years in Altay Prefecture and Kashgar Prefecture was 188.6 and 250.1 μg/L, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in thyroid function indexes TSH and FT 3 levels between the two regions ( Z = - 0.58, t = 0.49, P > 0.05), while there was statistically significant difference in FT 4 level ( t = 60.08, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in TgAb positive rate [3.6% (14/394), 4.0% (16/399)] between the two regions (χ 2 = 0.11, P = 0.736), but the difference of TPOAb positive rate [9.6% (38/394), 30.6% (122/399)] was statistically significant (χ 2 = 53.93, P < 0.001), while the difference of dual antibody positive rate [0.8% (3/394), 2.0% (8/399)] was not statistically significant ( P = 0.134). There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rates of subclinical hypothyroidism [8.9% (35/394), 11.0% (44/399)], subclinical hyperthyroidism [1.0% (4/394), 1.3% (5/399)] and hyperthyroidism [0.3% (1/394), 0.8% (3/399)] in children between the two regions ( P > 0.05). The IQ results of children in the two regions were 96.55 ± 11.36 and 89.57 ± 12.35, respectively, and there was no significant difference between them ( t = 2.79, P = 0.095). Conclusions:The thyroid function status of children is similar in the two regions with median urinary iodine of 100 - 199 μg/L and 200 - 299 μg/L in children aged 8 to 10 years, but the TPOAb positive rate is significantly different. Children whose iodine nutritional level is at or above the appropriate level have no obvious changes in intelligence. It is suggested that median urinary iodine at 200 - 299 μg/L is a relatively safe iodine nutrition state.

Effect of oral iodized oil pills on thyroid function of pregnant women / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of oral iodized oil pills on iodine nutrition and thyroid function of pregnant women in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang).Methods:From May to July 2017, one county was selected from Ili Prefecture without taking iodized oil pills, Aksu Prefecture taking iodized oil pills once a year, and Kashgar Prefecture taking iodized oil pills twice a year in Xinjiang as survey sites, respectively; 100 pregnant women (evenly distributed in early, middle and late pregnancy) were selected from each survey county, the general data, urine and blood samples were collected, and urinary iodine and thyroid function indicators [free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), thyrotropin (TSH), anti thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and anti thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)] were tested. Results:A total of 308 pregnant women were investigated, and 289 were finally included in the analysis, with an average age of 25 years; the body mass index (BMI) was (22.69 ± 3.07) kg/m 2. The occupation distribution was mainly farmer, accounting for 93.77% (271/289); most of them had junior high school education or below, accounting for 71.97% (208/289). The median urinary iodine of early, middle and late pregnant women in Kashgar Prefecture was 712.87, 604.50 and 656.23 μg/L, respectively, which were in iodine excess state. The iodine nutrition level of early pregnant women in Ili Prefecture and Aksu Prefecture was in iodine super suitability state, and the iodine nutrition level of middle and late pregnant women was in the iodine suitability state. The difference of median urinary iodine in early, middle and late pregnancy women between different regions was statistically significant ( Z = 53.02, 49.60, 44.66, P < 0.001). In addition, the urinary iodine of women in Kashgar Prefecture during each pregnancy period was significantly higher than that in Ili Prefecture and Aksu Prefecture ( P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of FT 3 among women in early pregnancy, FT 4 and TSH among women in middle pregnancy between different regions ( F = 4.59, 10.92, Z = 8.61, P < 0.05 or < 0.001). Among them, the level of FT 3 in early pregnancy in Kashgar Prefecture was lower than that in Ili Prefecture ( P < 0.05); the level of FT 4 in Kashgar Prefecture during middle pregnancy was higher than that in Ili Prefecture, and the level of TSH was lower than that in Ili Prefecture ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in TgAb positive rate, TPOAb positive rate and double antibody positive rate of early, middle and late pregnant women between different regions ( P > 0.05). The detection rates of hypothyroxinemia in early pregnant women in Ili Prefecture, Aksu Prefecture and Kashgar Prefecture were 13.9% (5/36), 3.2% (1/31) and 0 (0/33), respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference between different regions ( P = 0.036). The detection rates of subclinical hyperthyroidism in middle pregnant women were 0 (0/35), 0 (0/40), 17.6% (6/34), respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference between different regions ( P = 0.001). Conclusions:The results of urinary iodine in the three regions are in line with the iodine nutrition distribution under their respective iodine supplement strategies. Pregnant women in Kashgar Prefecture present iodine excess status after taking iodized oil pills; at the same time, the serum FT 3, FT 4 and TSH levels of pregnant women in Kashgar Prefecture are affected by iodine nutrition levels. Although it is scientific and effective to implement the intensified iodine supplement measures for pregnant women, it is still necessary to further study the suitability of oral iodine oil pills to ensure that pregnant women are at an suitability iodine nutrition level.

Role of angiotensin II type 2 receptor during electrophysiological remodeling of left ventricular hypertrophic myocardium in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The objective was to investigate the role of angiotensin II type 2 receptor during electrophysiological remodeling of left ventricular hypertrophic myocardium in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). A total of 36, aged 10 weeks, male SHRs were divided into three groups: control, valsartan, and valsartan + PD123319 groups (n = 12 in each). The systolic blood pressure, left ventricular mass index, ventricular effective refractory period, and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) were also measured after 8 weeks. At the same time, INa, ICaL, Ito, and membrane capacitance were measured in left ventricular myocytes by whole-cell patch-clamp. The VFT of valsartan was higher than that of control (valsartan vs. CONTROL: 17.4 ± 0.6 mA vs. 15.8 ± 0.5 mA, P < .05). The VFT of valsartan was higher than that of valsartan + PD123319 (valsartan vs. valsartan + PD123319: 17.4 ± 0.6 mA vs. 16.6 ± 0.9 mA, P < .05). The density of Ito of valsartan was higher than that of control (valsartan vs. CONTROL: 14.7 ± 0.42 pA/pF vs. 11.2 ± 0.15 pA/pF, P < .05). The density of Ito of valsartan was higher than that of valsartan + PD123319 (valsartan vs. valsartan + PD123319: 14.7 ± 0.42 pA/pF vs. 13.6 ± 0.30 pA/pF, P < .05). The density of ICaL of valsartan was lower than that of control (valsartan vs. CONTROL: -4.6 ± 0.2 pA/pF vs. -6.9 ± 0.1 pA/pF, P < .05). The density of ICaL of valsartan was lower than that of valsartan + PD123319 (valsartan vs. valsartan + PD123319: -4.6 ± 0.2 pA/pF vs. -5.4 ± 0.1 pA/pF, P < .05). These results demonstrated that the stimulation of angiotensin II type 2 receptor improved electrophysiological remodeling of left ventricular hypertrophic myocardium in SHR.

Surveillance of bacterial resistance in Tongling People's Hospital during 2016 / 中国感染与化疗杂志

Objective To investigate the bacterial distribution and antibiotic resistance profile in Tongling People's Hospital during 2016.Methods All the clinically isolated bacterial strains in Tongling People's Hospital during 2016 were identified and tested for their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.The results were analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 2 949 strains of bacteria were collected,including 2 134 strains of gram-negative bacteria and 815 strains of gram-positive bacteria.The top five gram-negative bacteria were E.coli,4.baumannii,K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa and Enterobacter.The top five gram positive bacteria were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,S.aureus,E.faecalis,E.faecium and Streptococcus.The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains was 42.3％ in E.coli and 31.1％ in K.pneumoniae,The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains was 1.2％ (8/640) in E.coli isolates and 29.4％ (108/367) in K.pneumoniae isolates.Majority (94.3％) ofA.baumannii strains were susceptible to tigecycline.However,74.3％ and 74.9％ of these strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.Most P aeruginosa strains (78.2％) were resistant to piperacillin,but about 70％ were susceptible to carbapenem antibiotics.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was 32.0％ (74/231) in S.aureus and 65.6％ (170/259) in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus.No staphylococcal strains were found resistant to teicoplanin or vancomycin.No enterococcal isolates were resistant to teicoplanin or linezolid.Conclusions The number of bacterial isolates in this hospital is increasing year by year.The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is also on rise,especially the pandrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and A.baumannii.It is urgently required to strengthen the control of hospital infections.

Long-term treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats with PD123319 and electrophysiological remodeling of left ventricular myocardium.

To investigate the effects of PD123319, an antagonist of angiotensin II subtype-2 receptor (AT2R), on the electrophysiological characteristics of the left ventricular hypertrophic myocardium in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). A total of twenty-four 10-week-old male SHR were divided into two groups: PD123319 and non-PD123319 groups (n = 12 in each). Twelve 10-week-old Wistar-Kyoto rats served as the control group. Systolic blood pressure, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), ventricular effective refractory period, and ventricular fibrillation threshold were also measured after 8 weeks. I Na, I CaL, I to, and membrane capacitance were measured in the left ventricular myocytes after 8 weeks by whole-cell patch clamp. PD123319 increased LVMI compared with the non-PD123319 group (PD123319 vs. non-PD123319, 3.83 ± 0.11 vs. 3.60 ± 0.19 mg/g; P < 0.01). PD123319 also decreased the ventricular fibrillation threshold compared with the non-PD123319 group (PD123319 vs. non-PD123319, 14.75 ± 0.65 vs. 16.0 ± 0.86 mA; P < 0.01). PD123319 enhanced membrane capacitance compared with the non-PD123319 group (PD123319 vs. non-PD123319, 283.63 ± 5.80 vs. 276.50 ± 4.28 pF; P < 0.05). PD123319 increased the density of I CaL compared with the non-PD123319 group (PD123319 vs. non-PD123319, -6.76 ± 0.48 vs. -6.13 ± 0.30 pA/pF; P < 0.05). PD123319 decreased the density of I to compared with the non-PD123319 group (PD123319 vs. non-PD123319, 11.49 ± 0.50 vs. 12.23 ± 0.36 pA/pF; P < 0.05). Long-term treatment with PD123319 worsened the development of myocyte hypertrophy and associated electrophysiological alterations in spontaneously hypertensive rat.

Application value analysis of the method cut-open performing umbilicus abdominal access during laparoscopy / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To introduce a new method performing umbilicus abdominal access during laparoscopy. Methods In a prospec-tive,362 patients received laparoscopic appendectomy in October 2012 to October 2014 were oberserved in this study. The clinical data,the time of the progress of making umbilicus abdominal access,complications and the state of the wound were recorded. Results The performing time of the trocar in umbilicus was (42. 3 ± 27. 1)s. Conclusion The method Cut-open,is simple,fast and save,which is worth to promoting in laparoscopic surgery.

Surveillance of bacterial resistance in Tongling People′s Hospital during 2013 / 中国感染与化疗杂志

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates in Tongling People′s Hospital during 2013. Methods A total of 2 281 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected.Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was employed to study the antimicrobial susceptibility.The data were analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software according to CLSI 2012 breakpoints. Results The top 5 most frequently isolated microorganisms were E.coli (479,21.0%),K.pneumoniae (360,15.8%),A. baumannii (271,11.9%),P .aeruginosa (240,10.5%),S.aureus (171,7.5%).Gram negative and gram positive microorganisms accounted for 76.5% and 23.5%,respectively.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in S.aureus (MRSA)and coagulase negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS)was 38.6% and 73.1%,respectively.The resistance rates of MR strains to beta-lactams and other antimicrobial agents were much higher than those of MS strains.No staphylococcal strain was found resistant to vancomycin or teicoplanin.E.faecalis showed relatively lower resistance to penicillin,ampicillin and nitrofurantoin.E.faecium strains were more resistant than E.faecalis to most of the antibiotics tested.Approximately 50.5% of E.coli and 44.5% of Klebsiella isolates produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).The ESBLs-respectively.And 29.8% and 23.4% of the P .aeruginosa strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem.Nearly all (94.0%)P .aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to amikacin.Conclusions There appears a trend of increasing resistance in the clinical bacterial isolates in this hospital,especially the carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae,which is of great concern.It is mandatory to take effective antibiotic policy and infection control measures.

Cool-tip Radiofrequency Ablation Therapy Instrument Based on Impedance Control Algorithm / 生物医学工程学杂志

A new cool-tip radiofrequency (RF) ablation therapeutic instrument based on impedance control algorithm is introduced in this paper. The equipment is composed of hardware system and software system. The RF power output and real time data acquisition are completed by the hardware system, while the software is used mainly to finish the control of the ablation range, the core of which is impedance control algorithm, and it also used to complete the display of the real time data in the course of the experiment. The impedance algorithm has solved the problem of impedance increased rapidly during the RF ablation, which has also expanded the scope of ablation. The pig liver experiments showed that the impedance control algorithm had strong adaptability. It also obtained a result of ablation range up to 3.5-4.5 cm single needle. It has the high clinical practical value of one-time inactivation of 3-5 cm tumor.

Evaluation methods of angiogenesis in experimental liver fibrosis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the methods for assessing angiogenesis in experimental liver fibrosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a normal (unmodeled) group and a liver fibrosis model group.The model was established by a 4-week course of 10% CCl4 solution (in olive oil) intraperitoneal injection. Liver vasculature was observed by magnetic resonance (MR),computed tomography (CT),synchrotron radiation X-ray,and von Willibrand factor(vWF) immunofluorescence staining. Liver inflammation and fibrosis were observed by staining with hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius red.The t-test and Pearson's correlation analysis were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal group,the model group had more robust inflammation and fibrosis in liver tissue.The liver tissue in the modeled mice showed significant deceases in MR signal intensity on T2WI before and after enhancement (386.67+/-69.04 vs.492.67+/-112.50,t =-2.456, P=0.026).The liver tissue in the modeled mice also showed significantly decreased enhancement CT values (P < 0.01).Synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging showed that the small vessels in the liver tissues of the modeled mice were significantly increased compared to that in the normal mice (P < 0.01).The MR T2W enhanced signal value (439.67+/-104.80, Pearson's r=0.714, P=0.009) and microvascular relative length (676.53+/-122.75, Pearson's r=0.791, P=0.002) were positive correlated with microvessel density (MVD) (14.50+/-5.95),as shown by detection of labeled vWF.The before and after CT enhancement difference (132.60+/-57.02, Pearson's r=-0.612, P=0.034) was negatively correlated with MVD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>s MR,CT and synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging can be used for assessing angiogenesis in liver fibrosis,and the findings from each are correlated with the traditional MVD detection method. The two-dimensional imaging of synchrotron radiation X-ray is more intuitive,and has been confirmed as an effective evaluation method for liver angiogenesis.</p>

Measures to anatomic variations of the colonic vessels in laparoscopic operations / 中华胃肠外科杂志

In laparoscopic colorectal resection, the poor blood supply of the anastomosis after tumor excision is difficult to be determined during the operations sometimes. The change in blood supply of the bowel is mainly due to the mesenteric anatomy and the operative techniques. The direct blood supply of colon is the marginal vessels in the mesentery. The integrity and patency of the marginal vessels determine the vitality of the bowel. However, the marginal vessels are different in diameter, pulsation or even discontinue in various areas, affecting the excision of the colon and following anastomosis. The most common three dangerous areas to anastomosis include:(1)area between ileocolic artery and right colonic artery; (2)area between middle colonic artery and left colonic artery-the Griffiths point. (3)area between the terminal branch of sigmoid colonic artery and superior rectal artery-Sudeck dangerous area. In laparoscopic colorectal resection, one should pay attention to protect the blood supply of the bowel and the marginal blood vessels, and be vigilant to the three vascular variations above mentioned. The vessels should be ligated accurately to ensure sufficient blood supply to the anastomosis and consequent normal healing of the rectal and colonic anastomosis. More attention should be paid to the elderly, morbid, and diabetic patients. If the safety of the anastomosis is unsure, prophylactic ileostomy should be performed.

[The relationship of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ ligands activity in nucleated cell and interleukin-6 level in septic rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between activity of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in nucleated cell and level of pro-inflammatory mediator interleukin-6 (IL-6) in plasma of rats with sepsis. METHODS: According to the random number table, 90 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups, namely control group, sham operation group and sepsis group. Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to postoperative time points, i.e. 12, 24 and 48-hour subgroups. Each subgroup consisted of 10 rats. Sepsis was reproduced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The PPARγ activity in nucleated cells and IL-6 level in plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The PPARγ activity in nucleated cells was significantly decreased at 12, 24 and 48 hours in sepsis group (A value: 0.279±0.004, 0.264±0.009, 0.245±0.012) compared with control group (0.292±0.007, 0.293±0.004, 0.293±0.005) and sham operation group (0.295±0.008, 0.295±0.006, 0.294±0.007), while the IL-6 level was significantly increased in sepsis group (ng/L: 365.25±15.53, 507.16±20.86, 437.89±25.09) compared with control group (43.54±11.10, 48.82±10.62, 42.96±9.52) and sham operation group (42.43±6.77, 40.32±6.48, 44.10±9.36, all P<0.05). When septic condition became worse, the PPARγ activity in nucleated cells of sepsis group lowered, and IL-6 level was gradually elevated after operation, reaching the peak at 24 hours, and then gradually lowered, and the difference of the value between any two time points was all statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the PPARγ activity in nucleated cells and IL-6 level in 12-hour subgroup of sepsis group (r=-0.703, P=0.023). CONCLUSION: In septic rats, the PPARγ activity in nucleated cells was lowered while the pro-inflammatory mediator IL-6 level in plasma elevated, and there was a negative correlation between PPARγ activity and IL-6 level.

Efficacy and side-effects of docetaxel combined with cisplatin on the treatment of local advanced esophageal cancer with concomitant radiation therapy / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutical effect and side-effect of docetaxel combined with cisplatin (DDP) on the treatment of local advanced esophageal cancer with concomitant radiation therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety patients with LOCAL advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were divided into two groups: (DDP + 5-Fu) group and (docetaxel + DDP) group. Chemotherapy was carried out every 4 weeks for a total of 4 courses. The radiation dose was 50.4 Gy/28FX.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival time of patients in the (DDP + 5-Fu) group was 16 months and that in (docetaxel + DDP) group was 21 months (P = 0.0278). The 3-year survival rate in the (docetaxel + DDP) group was obviously higher than that in the (DDP + 5-Fu) group (23.9% vs. 12.1%). The ORR in (docetaxel + DDP) group (84.5%) was significantly higher than that in the (DDP + 5-Fu) group (71.1%) (P = 0.025). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of side-effects in the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The conventional dose chemotherapy of docetaxel + DDP with concomitant radiation therapy showed a better partial remission rate and long-term survival rate for the treatment of local advanced esophageal cancer than the traditional chemotherapy (DDP + 5-Fu) with concomitant radiation therapy and the side-effects are not increased.</p>

Role of TNF-α, sTNF-R55 and sTNF-R75 in inflammation of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

BACKGROUND: Although some recent studies have demonstrated the important role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and soluble TNF receptors (sTNF-R) in inflammation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the exact roles of TNF-α and sTNF-R as well as their interaction remained unclear. OBJECTIVES: To study changes in levels of systemic and airway local TNF-α and sTNF-R (sTNF-R55, sTNF-R75) in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), and clarify the relationship between these mediators and airflow limitation in AECOPD patients. METHODS: TNF-α, sTNF-R55 and sTNF-R75 levels in induced sputum and plasma as well as lung functions were examined in 48 AECOPD patients before and after treatment. Samples from 28 healthy volunteers served as controls. RESULTS: Compared to healthycontrols, both pre- and posttreatment levels of TNF-α, sTNF-R55 and sTNF-R75 in induced sputum and plasma of COPD patients were higher. In patients with AECOPD, posttreatment TNF-α levels significantly decreased compared to pretreatment levels (0.6 ± 0.46 vs. 0.82 ± 0.35 µg/l in plasma, p < 0.01; 0.48 ± 0.27 vs. 0.82 ± 0.34 µg/l in sputum, p < 0.001). While posttreatment sTNF-R55 and sTNF-R75 levels increased in both kinds of samples, mediator levels in plasma and lung functions were unrelated (p > 0.05). sTNF-R55 and sTNF-R75 levels in induced sputum were positively correlated with lung functions (p < 0.05), while TNF-α levels were negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to FEV1 predicted value. CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators were imbalanced in the airways of AECOPD patients. It was local inflammation but not systemic inflammation that was closely related to airflow limitation.

Analysis of Technical Keypoints of The Second-Phase Diaplasis Treatment after Hartmann Operation / 中国普外基础与临床杂志

Objective To discuss the technical keypoints of the second-phase diaplasis treatment after Hartmann operation. Methods Twenty-one cases of the second-phase diaplasis operation of Hartmann operation in this hospital from January 2003 to December 2007 were analysed retrospectively. Results In this group, stapler technique was used in 15 cases, anastomotic ring was used in 3 cases, and one-layer suture was used in 3 cases. The time of these operations was between 118 min and 240 min (mean 164 min). Neither stomal leak nor stomal stenosis occurred, acute ileus occurred in 2 cases, and both recovered after the treatments of gastrointestinal decompression, inhibition of secretion digestive juice and reoperation. Acute retension of urine occurred in 1 case after urine catheter removed. The symptoms disappeared after excises of bladder function. These cases were followed up for 3-36 months (mean 20 months). All the patients recovered to normal function of defecation. Conclusion The technical keypoints of the second-phase diaplasis treatment after Hartmann operation are how to find and liberate the end of the distal colon. It will affect the prognosis and the occurrence of complications after this operation.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy with FOLFOX in low rectal cancer: a multicenter study / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the toxicity and safety of FOLFOX regimen concurrent with radiotherapy in neoadjuvant setting in patients with low rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-six patients with stage T(3-4)N(0)M(0) and T(1-4)N(1-2)M(0) were eligible from Aug. 2004 to Jul. 2007. Upon entry the study, they received 4 cycles of chemotherapy with FOLFOX regimen. Radiotherapy was added from the second cycle of chemotherapy (CT). The total dose of radiotherapy (RT) was 46 Gy (2 Gy x 23). Total mesorectal excision (TME) was performed 4-8 weeks after RT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among them, 54 cases received 4 cycles of CT, 1 patient stopped CT after the second cycle of CT because of unrecovery from neutropenia. One patient stopped chemoradiotherapy(CRT) because of complicating with active pulmonary tuberculosis after 2 cycles of CT and 10 times of RT. Two occurred liver, lung and bone metastases after CT. Totally 220 cycles of CT were administrated. Fifty-two patients received operation after CRT, 50 with anal interior sphincter reservation, 19 with prophylactic ileac stoma. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 2 patients after operation, and rectal vaginal fistula in 2 patients 1 month after operation. According to the pathologic results, 7 patients achieved complete response, 41 partial response, 4 stable disease, and the objective response rate was 85.7%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Concomitant treatment of FOLFOX regimen and RT in neoadjuvant setting of rectal cancer was safe and tolerable, and it suggests that protective ileostomy for anastomotic leakage following anus-preserving operation should be performed.</p>