ABSTRACT
The comprehension of unconventional immune functions of tonsillar B cells, their role in tolerance induction and protective immune responses, is crucial to unveil the dynamic interactions of the upper aero digestive tract with polymicrobial commensal flora and pathogens, in health and disease. Here, we describe the kinetics of IL10 intracellular expression and compare it with that of cytokines known to be produced by tonsillar B cells. Additionally, we detected a relevant proportion of IL17-expressing tonsillar B cells, which has not previously been reported. We immunophenotyped tonsillar IL10-expressing B cells (B10) and observed IL10 production in activated B cells at every developmental stage. Finally, we identified a relationship between decreased B10 percentages, increased proportion of the germinal centre (GC) population and hypertrophied tonsils (HT). Our findings provide greater insight into the role of B10 in GC reactions and characterized their involvement in the pathogenesis of tonsillar dysfunction.
Subject(s)
B-Lymphocytes/immunology , B-Lymphocytes/metabolism , Interleukin-10/biosynthesis , Palatine Tonsil/cytology , Palatine Tonsil/immunology , Biomarkers , Computational Biology/methods , Germinal Center/immunology , Humans , Hypertrophy , Immunophenotyping , Palatine Tonsil/metabolism , Tonsillitis/immunology , Tonsillitis/metabolism , Tonsillitis/pathologyABSTRACT
Allergic fungal sinusitis is an atopic condition close related to fungus allergens that initiate a chronic inflammation dependent of the IgE system and LTCD4-TH2 cells whose cytokines and chemokines induced the clinical symptoms. Specific immunotherapy is recommended to avoid the recurrences and to improve the benefits of the surgical procedures of the affected sinuses. We suggest that Bipolaris sp Drechslera sp extracts must be included in the skin testing of the atopic patients suffering rhinosinusal symptoms as well as those who reveal intense response to fungal allergens in general.
Subject(s)
Humans , Allergy and Immunology , Antigens, Fungal/analysis , Aspergillosis/immunology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/physiopathology , Immunotherapy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Sinusitis/immunology , Sinusitis/pathologyABSTRACT
Allergic fungal sinusitis is an atopic condition close related to fungus allergens that initiate a chronic inflammation dependent of the IgE system and LTCD4-TH2 cells whose cytokines and chemokines induced the clinical symptoms. Specific immunotherapy is recommended to avoid the recurrences and to improve the benefits of the surgical procedures of the affected sinuses. We suggest that Bipolaris sp Drechslera sp extracts must be included in the skin testing of the atopic patients suffering rhinosinusal symptoms as well as those who reveal intense response to fungal allergens in general.(AU)
