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1.
J Matern Fetal Med ; 10(4): 241-5, 2001 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11531149

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of two insulin-meal intervals on short-term glucose fluctuations in tightly controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: We performed a prospective and paired study in 11 Japanese GDM women requiring insulin for good glycemic control during the third trimester. The women were subjected to test two insulin-meal intervals: 15 min and 30 min. Both regimens were examined in each patient in random order, 2 days apart. Blood glucose was measured by an automated glucose monitor every 2 min. Short-term glucose fluctuations of the two observations were analyzed by two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements with a post hoc t test (p < 0.05). Data were expressed as mean +/- SD. RESULTS: Daily glucose profiles of the two groups showed that their glycemic controls on the days of observation were good and that the two glucose profile curves were superimposable. A transient decrease in glucose (nadir 62 +/- 6 mg/dl) was observed at 6-10 min of meal ingestion in the 30-min regimen, which was significantly different from the glucose fluctuations during the 15-min regimen. The 2-h postprandial glucose levels were similar in both experiments. CONCLUSIONS: In women with tightly controlled GDM during the third trimester, insulin-meal intervals of 15 min are beneficial when compared with 30-min intervals, in that they avoid preprandial hypoglycemia without increasing 2-h postprandial hyperglycemia.


Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/metabolism , Diabetes, Gestational/blood , Diabetes, Gestational/drug therapy , Food , Insulin/administration & dosage , Adult , Female , Humans , Kinetics , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , Time Factors
2.
Jpn J Ophthalmol ; 44(5): 574-575, 2000 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11033154

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a new technique aimed to developed to impact pigmented trabecular cells selectively. Compared with ordinary argon laser trabeculoplasty, it is expected to have fewer complications with more efficacy for open-angle glaucoma. In this study we performed SLT on 17 eyes of 10 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and 1 eye with capsular glaucoma.Methods: Follow-up period was up to 10 months. Average energy irrachieted was 28.14 mJ (0.47 mJ x 59 spots) against pigmented trabecular band over the half circumference of anterior chamber angle.Results: Preoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was 22.8 mmHg and postoperative mean IOP was decreased significantly to 8.6, 17.3, and 16.1 mmHg at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment, respectively. The average maximum IOP reduction was 8.8 (3 approximately 1 8) mmHg after SLT. Among 11 eyes showing transient IOP elevation, 6 eyes had an elevation of more than 6 mmHg. No remarkable postoperative complications were noted.Conclusion: SLT is a safe and effective modality for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma such as primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and capsular glaucoma.

3.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi ; 104(3): 160-4, 2000 Mar.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10752338

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a new technique aimed to developed to impact pigmented trabecular cells selectively. Compared with ordinary argon laser trabeculoplasty, it is expected to have fewer complications with more efficacy for open-angle glaucoma. In this study we performed SLT on 17 eyes of 10 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and 1 eye with capsular glaucoma. METHODS: Follow-up period was up to 10 months. Average energy irrachieted was 28.14 mJ (0.47 mJ x 59 spots) against pigmented trabecular band over the half circumference of anterior chamber angle. RESULTS: Preoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was 22.8 mmHg and postoperative mean IOP was decreased significantly to 8.6, 17.3, and 16.1 mmHg at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment, respectively. The average maximum IOP reduction was 8.8 (3-18) mmHg after SLT. Among 11 eyes showing transient IOP elevation, 6 eyes had an elevation of more than 5 mmHg. No remarkable postoperative complications were noted. CONCLUSION: SLT is a safe and effective modality for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma such as primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and capsular glaucoma.


Subject(s)
Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Laser Therapy , Trabeculectomy , Adult , Aged , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Laser Therapy/methods , Middle Aged , Trabeculectomy/methods , Treatment Outcome
4.
Am J Perinatol ; 17(7): 371-6, 2000.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12141524

ABSTRACT

Our objective was to test if tight glycemic control versus loose glycemic control in gestational diabetic patients and a gestational age of < 32 weeks influence fetal growth, fetal distress, and neonatal complication. We performed a retrospective study with 250 gestational diabetes mellitus in Japanese women. Two groups were categorized according to the timing at which good maternal glycemic control was attained at < 32 weeks and kept so until delivery (group 1) and > 32 weeks or never until delivery (group 2). In these two groups, neonatal growth (large-for-gestational age: LGA; appropriate- : AGA; and small- : SGA), neonatal complications (hypoglycemia, jaundice, polycythemia, and cumulative incidence), and incidence of fetal distress were compared. The chi2 test, unpaired t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple logistic regression analyses were used for statistical analyses. Maternal age, height, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational age at delivery were not different between the groups. In group 2 (> 32 weeks), LGA, macrosomia (> 4 kg), neonatal hypoglycemia was significantly increased compared with those in group 1. Incidence of SGA, fetal distress, and neonatal jaundice were not different between the groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis for LGA showed significant relation to timing of maternal glycemic control. We concluded that good glycemic control should be attained at < 32 weeks and maintained until delivery to reduce LGA infants and neonatal hypoglycemia in gestational diabetes mellitus. This management did not appear to decrease SGA infants or fetal distress.


Subject(s)
Birth Weight , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control , Pregnancy Outcome , Analysis of Variance , Female , Humans , Hypoglycemia/prevention & control , Japan , Logistic Models , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Retrospective Studies
5.
J Matern Fetal Med ; 8(2): 57-60, 1999.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10090492

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between the birth weights and 24-h urinary C-peptide in infants of diabetic mothers. METHODS: Sixty pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus (DM) were enrolled. Neonatal urine was collected for the first and second 24 h for measuring C-peptide. Birth weights were classified into 3 categories according to the Japanese standard curves; heavy-for-date (HFD), appropriate-for-date (AFD), and light-for-date (LFD). Unpaired t-test was used for comparison of 24-h urinary C-peptide in the 3 birth weight categories, with P-value <0.05. There were 7 HFD, 47 AFD, and 6 LFD infants. Birth weight averaged 3.9+/-0.7, 3.0+/-0.4, and 2.3+/-0.3 kg, respectively. RESULTS: Insulin concentrations of the umbilical artery were significantly higher in HFD than in AFD, and significantly higher in AFD than in LFD (49.5+/-45.1, 16.8+/-15.2, and 6.3+/-6.1 microU/ml). During the first 24 h, urinary C-peptide was significantly higher in HFD than in AFD (2.73+/-1.52 vs. 0.76+/-0.81 microg/day), and significantly higher in AFD than in LFD (0.27+/-0.27). On the second day, there was no longer statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of 24-h urinary C-peptide revealed that, among infants of diabetic mothers, HFD infants continue to secrete more insulin than AFD and LFD infants for the first 24 h.


Subject(s)
Birth Weight , C-Peptide/urine , Diabetes, Gestational , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Insulin/blood , Pregnancy , Reference Values , Umbilical Arteries
6.
Ann Nucl Med ; 12(3): 139-44, 1998 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9673714

ABSTRACT

This study was undertaken to assess the diagnostic value of resting 123I-BMIPP scintigraphy in patients with effort angina pectoris. One hundred and four patients underwent scintigraphic and angiographic examinations. The subsets of the patients were stable effort angina pectoris (stable type) in 27 cases, new onset of effort angina pectoris (new onset type) in 21 cases, and worsening effort angina pectoris (worsening type) in 35 cases. The remaining 21 cases were subjects without evidences of coronary artery disease (non-CAD). 123I-BMIPP was injected under resting and pain free condition, then data for single photon emission tomography (SPECT) were acquired. The positive regional 123I-BMIPP defects in three coronary territories were visually judged on the tomographic images. The overall sensitivity to diagnose the patients was 62.6% (52/83) and the overall specificity to exclude non-CAD subjects was 95.2% (20/21). The detection rate in each subset of the disease was 48.1% (13/27) in stable type, 47.6% (10/21) in new onset type and 77.1% (27/35) in worsening type (p < 0.05 versus two other types). For detection of stenosed vessels, the overall sensitivity was 41.4% (56/148) and the overall specificity was 93.8% (152/164). The rate of detection of stenosed vessels was 31.7% (13/41) in stable type, 31.4% (11/35) in new onset type, and 55.6% (40/72) in worsening type (p < 0.05 versus two other types). Vessels with 75% stenosis were more sensitively detected in the worsening type (33.3%; 4/12) compared to the remaining two types (8.3%; 1/12) even though the difference was not significant. The resting 123I-BMIPP scintigraphy was therefore valuable in diagnosing patients with effort angina pectoris and involved coronary arteries especially in the subset of patients with worsening type.


Subject(s)
Angina Pectoris/diagnostic imaging , Chest Pain/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Disease/diagnostic imaging , Fatty Acids , Iodine Radioisotopes , Iodobenzenes , Aged , Angina Pectoris/classification , Chest Pain/classification , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Disease/classification , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
7.
Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi ; 47(10): 1048-54, 1995 Oct.
Article in Japanese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8522882

ABSTRACT

Sixty patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) antedated pregnancy were enrolled; seven had proliferative retinopathy, 13 had simple retinopathy, and 40 were intact. Diet and/or insulin was prescribed to adjust their glucose control at fasting to < 100 mg/dl, as well as at 2 hours postprandial to < 120 mg/dl. Glycohemoglobin (Hemoglobin A1c) levels ranged between 5.4% and 6.4% in the third trimester in three groups. Incidences of pregnancy complications (toxemia, hydramnios, urinary tract infection and cesarean section) and neonatal complications (low Apgar score, hypoglycemia, jaundice, polycythemia, respiratory distress syndrome and anomaly) did not differ significantly with the grade of retinopathy. Compared with the intact group, the duration of DM was significantly longer in the retinopathy groups and the incidence of fetal distress was significantly higher in the proliferative retinopathy group. In ten of 60 patients (16.7%) the grade of retinopathy progressed during pregnancy. In four patients photocoagulation was performed for neovascularization, and proved to be effective. There was a tendency for those whose retinopathy progressed to the proliferative stage during pregnancy to have larger decreases in glycohemoglobin and for their retinopathy to worsen after delivery. With tight maternal glucose control and intensive fetal surveillance, we obtained good perinatal outcome in pregnancies with diabetic retinopathy, as compared to diabetic pregnancy without diabetic microangiopathy. Careful and frequent monitoring of retinal changes should be required during pregnancy and the postpartum period.


Subject(s)
Diabetic Retinopathy , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy in Diabetics , Adult , Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis , Diabetic Retinopathy/surgery , Disease Progression , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Light Coagulation , Monitoring, Physiologic , Pregnancy , Pregnancy in Diabetics/therapy
9.
J Med Chem ; 32(2): 351-7, 1989 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2913296

ABSTRACT

A series of 1-methyl-7-(4-pyridyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3(2H)-isoquinolinones and related compounds were synthesized and evaluated for positive inotropic activity. Most members of this series exerted a dose-dependent increase in myocardial contractility in the dog acute heart failure model, whereas they caused only slight changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Several derivatives, especially those with cyano, acetyl, and ethyl substituents at the 4-position, were more potent than milrinone, which was used as a reference. 4-Acetyl-1-methyl-7-(4-pyridyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3(2H)-isoquinolinone (MS-857) is one of the most potent positive inotropic agents in this series.


Subject(s)
Cardiotonic Agents/chemical synthesis , Isoquinolines/chemical synthesis , Pyridines/chemical synthesis , Animals , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Dogs , Female , Isoquinolines/pharmacology , Male , Myocardial Contraction/drug effects , Pyridines/pharmacology , Structure-Activity Relationship
10.
Jpn Circ J ; 51(12): 1373-8, 1987 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3443990

ABSTRACT

Four patients with acute myocarditis were examined by Ga-67 myocardial scintigraphy. Two cases showed positive scintigram. In one of these cases, the first scintigram showed positive one month after onset of acute myocarditis, and three and four months after its onset, Ga accumulation slightly decreased intermittently. However, six months after its onset, the scintigram showed strongly positive again. Endomyocardial biopsy of this case six months from its onset showed some mononuclear cell infiltration in the myocardial interstitium. From these changes of scintigram during the course of the disease and biopsy findings, this case appeared to be one of "smoldering" or "chronic recurrent" myocarditis. Another case showed weakly positive one month after onset of disease, in spite of a negative CRP. In the remaining two cases, Ga-67 scintigram showed negative, although CRP was + and 5+, respectively. The sensitivity of the Ga-67 myocardial scintigram may not be very high. But when it continues to show positive, acute myocarditis seems to be "smoldering" and transferring to DCM. Ga scintigram is a noninvasive examination for myocarditis and is a useful screening test for identifying myocarditis, and serial scans may eliminate the need for frequent biopsies in suspected myocarditis cases.


Subject(s)
Gallium Radioisotopes , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Myocarditis/diagnostic imaging , Acute Disease , Aged , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/diagnostic imaging , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Radionuclide Imaging
11.
Jpn Circ J ; 50(12): 1313-7, 1986 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3820542

ABSTRACT

To evaluate incidence of serious arrhythmias among school age youths, 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring was performed in 100 junior high school students, including 60 subjects with some ECG abnormalities and 40 without. With this monitoring 2 cases with multifocal VPCs and 2 cases with paired VPCs or nonsustained ventricular tachycardia were found; the case with VT died suddenly after having been lost during careful follow up. It is emphasized from these results that ambulatory ECG monitoring is quite useful in selected cases in this age group and careful follow up of students with advanced grade VPCs is very important.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis , Electrocardiography/instrumentation , Monitoring, Physiologic , Adolescent , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/complications , Death, Sudden/etiology , Female , Humans , Male
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