ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Resting comfort may influence sleep-related lying postures in cattle. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bed cleanliness on tucked (TSP) and extended (ESP) head positions in sleep-related lying postures. METHODS: The study was conducted over two experimental periods. In each period, four Japanese Black fattening cattle were assigned to the cleaning treatment (CL), in which bedding material was replaced once during each experimental period. Four cattle were assigned to the control treatment (CON) with no bed cleaning. Daily duration, bout frequency, and bout length of sleep-related lying postures were measured, and bed moisture, ammonia concentration in the air, plasma cortisol, and serotonin concentration were also measured within one week before and after cleaning treatment in each period. RESULTS: The bed moisture and ammonia concentrations decreased in CL after bed cleaning. Following bed cleaning, the duration and bout frequency of TSP in CL decreased compared to that observed in CON, whereas ESP in CL increased after bed cleaning. Total duration of sleep-related lying postures and cortisol and serotonin levels did not differ between CL and CON. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that cattle in sleep-related lying postures shifted from tucked head positions to extended head positions in response to improved bed cleanliness.
ABSTRACT
A 57-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of multiple subcutaneous masses with pain, mild dyspnea, and bloody sputum. He had been asymptomatic until one month earlier, when he began to have a dry cough and myalgia of the right forearm. A chest radiograph showed cardiomegaly. Whole-body computed tomographic scan, cytologic examination of the sputum, and histological examination of a subcutaneous nodule on the scalp resulted in the diagnosis of lung cancer with multiple organ metastases, including those to skeletal muscle and myocardium. Despite chemotherapy, he died suddenly on the 45th hospital day. Autopsy revealed that about half of the myocardium had been replaced by metastatic tumors, so we speculated that he died from heart failure due to cardiac muscle metastasis.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Heart Neoplasms/secondary , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Muscle Neoplasms/secondary , Cause of Death , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, SkeletalABSTRACT
We reported a case of recurrence of localized thymoma accompanied with hypogammaglobulinemia (Good's syndrome) 20 years after surgery. A 74-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of mediastinal tumor and chronic pulmonary infection. He had been thymectomised at the age of 55 because of spindle cell thymoma. After that, he had been asymptomatic until January 1997, when he began to have a recurrent productive cough, and low-grade fever. Laboratory findings revealed hypogammaglobulinemia. Percutaneous needle biopsy of the mediastinal tumor revealed spindle cell thymoma. Therefore, hypogammaglobulinemia with thymoma (Good's syndrome) accompanied with a chronic lower respiratory tract infection was diagnosed. Immunologic studies revealed a marked decrease of CD 20 positive cells and decreased lymphocyte activation under the stimuli of phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A. The thymoma was resected in Dec 1997, but the serum immunoglobulin showed no increase at al.
