[Causes of fatal outcome in acute appendicitis]. / Prichiny letal'nykh iskhodov pri ostrom appenditsite.

For the last 10 years, 97,542 patients were operated on for acute appendicitis, 132 (0.14%) died. Complications of purulent infection (peritonitis, intraabdominal abscesses) and its sequelae (acute commissural ileus, intestinal fistulas) conditioned by late hospitalization were the main cause of lethal outcomes.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage]. / Diagnostika i khirurgicheskoe lechenie ostrogo zheludochno- kishechnogo krovotecheniia.

Of 596 patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding, it developed from the gastric and duodenal, and peptic anastomotic ulcer in 382 (64.1%). The authors consider, that at every regional centre, it is expedient to hospitalize the patients with gastrointestinal bleeding in a single surgical unit, equipped with the endoscopic apparatus and all the necessary facilities for giving emergency surgical aid.

[Effect of bile and bile acids on bacterial resistance to antibiotics]. / Vliianie zhelchi i zhelchnykh kislot na antibiotikoustoichivost' bakterii.

The combined effect of bile acids and antibiotics on the moderately sensitive and resistant staphylococcal strains was studied. 10 staphylococcal cultures isolated from patients with different pyo-inflammatory diseases were tested for their sensitivity to 5 antibiotics (benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, kanamycin and chlortetracycline). 9 of them were moderately sensitive to the drugs. The combined use of these antibiotics with cholic, desoxycholic , dehydrocholic, glycocholic and choleic acids increased the sensitivity of the staphylococci to the drugs in 87 per cent of the cultures. The same regularity was observed with respect to 15 staphylococcal strains isolated from the patients' bile. The combination of taurocholic acid and streptomycin was the most effective. The combinations of the antibiotics with cholic acid were less effective. The same regularities were noted in the experiments with billicultures tested for antibiotic sensitivity on solid media with the patient's bile. Antibiotics with maximum activity associated with the presence of the patient's bile should be recommended for the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases of the liver and urinary tract.

[Bacteriostatic and bactericidal action of bile acids and antibiotics on staphylococci]. / Bakteriostaticheskoe i bakteritsidnoe deistvie zhelchnykh kislot i antibiotikov na stafilokokki.

It was found in vitro that desoxycholic, cholic, glycocholic and choleinic acids inhibited the growth and development of staphylococci. The staphylococci isolated from bile were more resistant to the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect of bile acids than the microorganisms isolated from other sources not containing cholates. Under the effect of these substances the activity of some antibiotics especially those from the group of aminoglycosides markedly increased.

[Combined action of benzylpenicillin and bile acids on staphylococci]. / Sochetannoe deistvie benzilpenitsillina i zhelchnykh kislot na stafilokokki.

The antimicrobial effect of benzylpenicillin in combination with bile acids on staphylococci was studied. It was shown that bile acids increased the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of the antibiotic. The highest potentiating effect was found with combination of benzylpenicillin and desoxycholic and choleic acids. When resistant strains of staphylococci were exposed to the combination of the bile acids and benzylpenicillin they became highly sensitive to antibiotic.