[Allelic variants of the gene bamyl barley in Eastern European and central Asian areas].

The collections of varieties of spring barley cultivars from the Eastern European and Central Asian areas were analyzed by exonpecific PCR (EPIC) for beta-amylase genes. The endosperm beta-amylase gene (bamyl) was differentiated by the presence of 126 bp MITE insertion into intron 3 that is associated with low activity beta-amylase. The findings suggest that a low level of genetic variation for bamylgene within climatic zones is associated with individual breeding program for each climatic zone.

[Using IRAP markers for analysis of genetic variability in populations of resource and rare species of plants].

Species-specific LTR retrotransposons were first cloned in five rare relic species of drug plants located in the Perm' region. Sequences of LTR retrotransposons were used for PCR analysis based on amplification of repeated sequences from LTR or other sites of retrotransposons (IRAP). Genetic diversity was studied in six populations of rare relic species of plants Adonis vernalis L. by means of the IRAP method; 125 polymorphic IRAP-markers were analyzed. Parameters for DNA polymorphism and genetic diversity of A. vernalis populations were determined.

[IRAP-and REMAP-analyses of barley varieties of Odessa breeding].

Application of polylocus biallelic systems of PCR along with monolocus SSR-analysis is very promising approach for detailed characterization, differentiation and identification of crop varieties. Microsatellite sequences and LTR retratransposon fragments are known to be the most variable in plant genome. They can be used in PCR analysis as IRAP and REMAP. Conditions of IRAP and REMAP analyses of intra- and intervariety polymorphism of the barley varieties of Odessa breeding have been elaborated. The detailed genotype formulas are represented which reflect the intravariety polimorphism and make it possible to detect the changes in variety structure in the course of seed production process.

[The mapping of the barley genome by RAPD analysis using double haploid strains]. / Kartirovanie genoma iachmenia RAPD-analizom s ispol'zovaniem digaploidnykh linii.

A map of the barley genome consisting of 107 loci was constructed using double haploid lines. 33 RAPD loci marks all barley chromosomes. The total length of the obtained map is 1047 centiMorgans (cM) with a 9.8 cM average distance between markers. 7 linkage groups was identified as certain chromosomes. The distribution of the markers was analyzed, comparison with other published maps was made. Some statistical considerations are presented. Alternative strategies of gene mapping are considered.

[Genetic polymorphism in barley detected by arbitrary primers]. / Geneticheskii polimorfizm iachmenia, vyiavlennyi PTsR s proizvol'nymi praimerami.

Genetics and breeding studies require effective methods for polymorphism analysis that allow one to classify varieties and to determine phylogenetic interactions between plant species. A variant of the polymerase chain reaction for DNA amplification with arbitrary primers (RAPD) was used to determine genetic distances between Hordeum vulgare varieties and to integrate of the varieties into groups. The dendrogram of relations between species from the genus Hordeum and species of some cultivated cereals was constructed on the basis of RAPD analysis.

[The genetic polymorphism of cereals demonstrated by PCR with random primers]. / Geneticheskii polimorfizm zlakovykh rastenii pri pomoshchi PTsR s proizvol'nymi praimerami.

Polymerase chain reaction of DNA amplification with the use of random primers is a new approach in investigations of genome specificity. Nucleotide sequences that showed polymorphism in RFLP analysis were used as primers. Optimal temperature conditions and Mg2+ concentrations were determined for studying inter- and intraspecific DNA polymorphism in the most important cereals.