Apport de l'immunohistochimie dans le diagnostic des lymphomes B agressifs chez les patients infectes ou non par le VIH en Republique democratique du Congo

Objectif. Determiner la contribution potentielle des techniques immunohistochimiques au diagnostic; et dans la prise en charge therapeutique des lymphomes-B agressifs chez des patients infectes ou non par le VIH; en R D Congo; dans le but de vulgarisation de cette approche; complementaire a l'etude morphologique; et indispensable pour le sous-typage de lymphomes; en particulier; de lymphomes-B agressifs. Methodes. Etude transversale et retrospective de 101 blocs de paraffine portant le diagnostic de lymphome et analyses entre 2005 et 2010; par des techniques morphologiques et immunohistochimiques; dans six laboratoires specialises de notre pays. Resultats. Les 81 blocs retenus; etaient tous CD20 positifs et CD3 negatifs; mais le profil etait variable pour d'autres marqueurs etudies. Le lymphome de Burkitt a ete identifie sur 40 blocs; incluant 7 sujets VIH+ (17;5); les lymphomes B diffus a grandes cellules; sur 35; avec 11; chez les VIH+ (31;4).Six lymphomes de forme intermediaire; dont 3; chez des sujets VIH+ (50). Conclusion. Cette etude a permis de classifier les lymphomes-B agressifs dans notre contexte; grace a l'immunohistochimie; justifiant le recours aux anticorps anti-CD20 pour leur traitement

[Early isosexual precocious pseudopuberty revealing a juvenile granulosa cell tumor in a 3-year-old Congolese girl]. / Pseudo-puberté précoce isosexuelle révélatrice d'une tumeur de la granulosa juvénile chez une fillette congolaise de 3 ans.

We describe a juvenile granulosa cell tumor expressed by an early pseudopuberty occurring in a 3-year-old black child. Clinically, an endocrine syndrome was associated with a pelvic mass and ascites. Hyperoestrogenia and serum alphafetoprotein level were biologically detected. Histological examination showed typical microscopic features of a granulosa cell tumor. The patient is well four years after surgery. Growth and mental development are normal.

Tumoral calcinosis: a clinicopathological study of 111 cases with emphasis on the earliest changes.

AIMS: To study the pathogenesis of tumoral calcinosis (TC), we investigated 111 cases registered in Zaire over 30 years. METHODS AND RESULTS: The patients were 108 black Africans and three Caucasians between 3 and 74 years of age (mean, 37.7; median, 39). The gender was known in 33 males and 46 females; in 79 the gender was unknown. All but three were healthy and one had tuberculosis. The majority presented with a painless swelling in single or multiple periarticular regions. The hip was the most commonly affected (57%). Seven recurrences after surgical removal of the mass were reported. On microscopic examination, lesions were classified as follows: 24% stage I, 16% stage II and 60% stage III depending on the cellular activity at the border of the cysts. In five stage I cases only, and in no advanced stage II/III lesions, were exuberant cellular proliferative changes seen adjacent to the classical cystic form. These consisted of either ill-defined reactive-like perivascular solid cell nests admixed with mononuclear and iron-loaded macrophages, or well-organized variably sized fibrohistiocytic nodules embedded in a dense collagenous stroma. These immature changes indicated newly appearing lesions and were assumed to represent the earliest discernible stages in the evolution of TC. The unique well-defined fibrohistiocytic nodules have not been described previously. CONCLUSIONS: These findings have thus described the full spectrum of lesions occurring in TC. We believe that the adjacent findings are potentially important either in recognizing early stages of the disease or in understanding its pathogenesis.

[Histological varieties of benign tumors of the nasal cavities]. / Variétés histologiques des tumeurs bénignes des fosses nasales.

The frequency of different histological forms of benign tumours of the nasal fossae diagnosed at the Ear-Nose-Throat department of the Kinshasa University Hospital are reported. There were 71 cases reported over a 21 year period, approximately 3 cases per year. Epithelial tumours were the most frequent 59% followed by papillomas (45%) and adenomas (14%). Conjunctive tissue was involved in 41% of the cases: angiomas 17%, fibromas 11%, chondromas 6%, benign haemangiopericytomas 4% and osteomas 3%.

Les tumeurs de la sphere otorhinolaryngologique de l'enfant

Les auteurs; dans une etude retrospective de 26 ans; presentent les tumeurs otorhinolaryngologiques observees chez les enfants de moins de 15 ans. Ils etudient la distribution de ces tumeurs selon l'age et le sexe; la presentation clinique; la repartition histologique et topographique et les procedes therapeutiques disponibles dans leur milieu. Ils estiment que la pathologie tumorale infantile est rare. Ils trouvent que les rhabdomyosarcomes des cavites naso-sunisiennes sont plus retrouves parmi les tumeurs malignes tandis que les papillomes larynges le sont dans les tumeurs benignes. Le traitement des cancers ORL a ete decevant; celui des tumeurs benignes juge satisfaisant