[Influence of intracranial pressure decrease in the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome on visual function]. / Vliv snízení nitrolebního tlaku u syndromu pseudotumoru mozku na zrakové funkce.

Authors describe ocular and neurological findings in a 68 years old female patient with the intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri). For developing edema of the optic nerve head on the fundus (oedema papillae), accompanied with lowered visual acuity and visual field defects, an urgent surgical treatment was indicated--the lumboperitoneal shunt was introduced. After the operation, although the atrophy of the optic nerve head atrophy occurred, the visual acuity was maintained and visual fields sensitivity improved.

[The usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pain caused by extensor knee apparatus' lesions]. / Przydatnosc ultrasonografii w diagnostyce dolegliwosci bólowych aparatu wyprostnego stawów kolanowych.

The aim of this work was to present our experience in using ultrasonography in the diagnostics of knee pain. In spite of some limitations of this method of examination it can be successfully used to obtain more accurate diagnosis of the extensor knee apparatus lesions.

[Gigantic liposarcoma of the lower extremity--case report]. / Olbrzymi tluszczakomiesak konczyny dolnej--opis przypadku.

A case of gigantic liposarcoma of the lower extremity in 42 years old female is presented. The tumor grew extremely fast and reached gigantic size. Over one year follow-up did not reveal any local recurrence or metastases.

[Treatment of acute cerebrovascular ischemia]. / Lécba akutní ischemické cévní mozkové príhody.

The author presents contemporary views on the main pathophysiological mechanisms of focal cerebral ischaemia and gives an account of possibilities of pharmacological treatment. Consistent with the concept of so-called pharmacological window he divides treatment of acute cerebrovascular ischaemia into treatment of the acute stage (within eight hours after the development of the attack) and treatment of the subacute and chronic stage. He emphasizes the basic importance of early hospital admission to special intensive care units (stroke units) to improve the resulting therapeutic effect and to reduce mortality. He draws attention to the debt of the Czech health services in this sphere of care and treatment of cerebrovascular attacks.

[Are peroral antidiabetic agents neurotoxic?]. / Jsou perorální antidiabetika neurotoxická?

The author discusses in conjunction with contemporary views on the genesis and development of diabetic neuropathy the view on the neurotoxicity of oral antidiabetics, in particular sulphonyl urea derivatives. He analyzes in more detail different areas of pathogenesis of diabetics neuropathy, the main one being the metabolic and hypoxic one with the common trigger mechanism--hyperglycaemia. Therefore, based on contemporary knowledge, the neurotoxicity of oral antidiabetics can be ruled out.

[Personal experience with problems in cervical spondylotic myelopathy]. / Nase zkusenosti s problematikou cervikální spondylogenní myelopatie.

The authors give an account of a group of 32 patients with the diagnosis of cervical spondylogenic myelopathy hospitalized in the course of three years at the neurological department of the District Institute of National Health, Zlín. The author describes a simple method of measurement of anteroposterior projections of the spinal canal. He also gives an account of the pathogenesis and therapeutic methods of this relatively frequent condition. Surgery is reserved for cases with permanent progression.

[Electromyographic findings in diabetics]. / Elektromyografické nálezy u diabetiku.

In 1987-1988 239 patients with diabetes type I and II were subjected to electromyographic examinations. The sensory and motor neurograms (n. suralis, n. medianus, n. peroneus, n. tibialis) were evaluated as well as myograms (from the m. opponens pollicis, m. tibialis, anterior, m. soleus). In all patients a priori other possible neurotoxic influences were ruled out; the age of the patients did not exceed 60 years. Abnormal parameters of the evaluated neurograms and myograms were found also in all diabetics type II with a normal neurological finding. In type I diabetics this so-called electrophysiological neuropathy was found in the same group in 84.2% of the patients. The most sensitive nerve in diabetes in the authors' investigation was the n. suralis, the second most frequently abnormal finding was the motor neurogram of the n. peroneus. The authors did not find it possible to elaborate a scale of clinical-electromyographic correlation.

Trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials in surgical management of trigeminal neuralgia.

Both examination of trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials and testing trigeminal nerve involvements associated with various neurological diseases make it possible to objectively measure the sensitivity and correlation of clinical symptomatology with the electrophysiological parameters. This procedure is described as applied to patients with essential trigeminal neuralgia and the effect of retrogasserian thermocoagulation upon the studied parameters is analyzed.

[Incidence and developmental interdependence of peripheral nerve disorders in type 1 diabetics]. / Výskyt a závislosti vzniku postizení periferní nervové soustavy u diabetu I. typu.

In 1987-1988 the authors subjected to comprehensive neurological examination 79 type I diabetics. The group comprised subjects under 60 years and patients with other possible neurotoxic influences were eliminated. After a detailed clinical examination in 75.9% diabetics clinical signs of affection of the peripheral nervous system were revealed, incl. 45.6% clinical diabetic neuropathies were detected. In all instances it was symmetrical distal sensory or sensomotor polyneuropathy and in four instances moreover the carpal tunnel syndrome was detected. The most frequent neurological disorder was panhypaesthesia on the acra of the lower extremities. The most frequent subjective complaint were paraesthesias of the feet and subsequent cramps. The authors investigated moreover parameters of the long-term compensation of diabetes, the duration of diabetes and the biological age of diabetics. They assessed the statistical significance of these parameters for the development of diabetic neuropathy which was proved only for the parameter of the duration of the disease and the biological age of type I diabetics (p less than 0.05).

[Incidence and developmental interdependence of peripheral nerve disorders in type 2 diabetics]. / Výskyt a závislosti vzniku postizení periferní nervové soustavy u diabetiku II. typu.

In 1987-1988 160 type 2 diabetics, dispensarized in diabetological out-patient departments of the medical clinic of the Institute for Postgraduate training were subjected to neurological examinations. The selection of the group was governed by an effort to reduce to a minimum the association of other neurotoxic influences. The group therefore comprised subjects under 60 years of age; diabetics with other diseases with a possible neurotoxic action, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, etc. were eliminated. After a detailed neurological examination signs of affection of the peripheral nervous system were detected in 87.5%, clinically manifest diabetic neuropathy was found in 78 diabetics (48.75%); 12 had moreover mononeuropathy of the median nerve. The clinical picture was uniform: impaired perception of vibrations on the acra of the lower extremities with ascendent propagation, reduction to disappearance tendinous-muscular reflexes on the lower extremities. Subjectively more frequently cramps of the feet than paraesthesias were reported. The authors revealed that long-term compensation of diabetes, the duration of diabetes and the biological age of the diabetics were statistically significant for the manifestation of diabetic neuropathy. This significance was proved for the factor of biological age (p less than 0.05); there was also a significant correlation between the long-term state of compensation of type 2 diabetes and the manifestation of neuropathy (p = 0.06).

[Visual evoked potentials in diabetics]. / Zrakové evokované potenciály u diabetiku.

The authors investigated visually evoked potentials in 27 patients with diabetes mellitus type I and II. In 77.8% of the patients abnormal values of visually evoked responses were found. The authors did not find a significant relationship between the degree of diabetic retinopathy and the disorder of visually evoked potentials.