ABSTRACT
Aim: To evaluate the prevalence rate of sleep disorders in various age and professional groups of the population - residents of different regions of Russia and to estimate the relative role of environmental, work-related and life style factors in their progression. Materials and Methods: 6 groups of the population including more than 2500 adults and children - residents of areas with various levels of environmental pollution were examined with the use of the structured questionnaire. Working conditions of state employees and health care professionals were examined. Statistical analysis including the calculation of odds ratios for sleep disorders was performed Results: Disorders of the sleep maintenance among adults were found in 49% of men and 51% of women in Moscow; 49.3% of men and 26.7% of women in Voronezh. Air pollution and noise levels increased risks of insomnia by 10% and 20% respectively. In the city of Serpukhov (the Moscow Region) 78.7% of girls and 94.1% of boys estimated their sleep as deep and sound; in the Great Novgorod so did 69.2% girls and 66.0% boys. A trend (R=0.97) for the increasing of the prevalence rate of insomnia symptoms among children with the age was revealed. In working populations there was shown the positive correlation between the prevalence rate of sleep disorders and job environment, hardness of the work (r=0.28) and work-related stress (odds ratio = 1.8). Conclusion: Harmful environmental factors, life style, hardness of the work and work related stress are independent risk factors of chronic insomnia.
