ABSTRACT
Despite the wide range of clinical, instrumental and laboratory methods used in modern ophthalmology, the problem of diagnosing optic neuropathy and identifying its etiology remains relevant. A complex multidisciplinary approach involving various specialists is required in the differential diagnosis of immune-mediated optic neuritis, for example in multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and MOG-associated diseases. Of special interest is differential diagnosis of optic neuropathy in demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, hereditary optic neuropathies and ischemic optic neuropathy. The article presents a summary of scientific and practical results of differential diagnosis of optic neuropathies with various etiologies. Timely diagnosis and early therapy start reduces the degree of disability in patients with optic neuropathies of different etiologies.
Subject(s)
Multiple Sclerosis , Neuromyelitis Optica , Optic Nerve Diseases , Optic Neuritis , Humans , Optic Nerve Diseases/diagnosis , Optic Nerve Diseases/etiology , Optic Nerve Diseases/therapy , Optic Neuritis/diagnosis , Optic Neuritis/etiology , Optic Neuritis/therapy , Neuromyelitis Optica/diagnosis , Neuromyelitis Optica/therapy , Neuromyelitis Optica/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Optic NerveABSTRACT
The most common complication of hemodialysis is blood pressure decrease, which is an ischemic optic neuropathy risk factor. The article presents a case study of sequential bilateral ischemic optic neuropathy with the development of amaurosis as a result of arterial hypotension against the background of programmed hemodialysis. Differential diagnosis in bilateral visual impairment is discussed.
Subject(s)
Hypotension , Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic , Humans , Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/diagnosis , Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/etiology , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/etiology , Hypotension/complications , Blindness/diagnosis , Blindness/etiologyABSTRACT
This review of literature presents an assessment of circulatory disorders of the optic nerve and the retina in patients with optic neuropathy of different origin by ultrasound and OCTA methods, outlines basic principles of analyzing the state of blood flow in the ocular vessels, and analyzes the results of Russian and foreign research on this topic.
