ABSTRACT
A case-control study was conducted in India between April 2007 and January 2008, to identify the clinical and historical risk factors associated with early onset pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (PE-E) in women attending a tertiary care hospital in North India. The study group comprised 100 women with early onset severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (≤34 weeks) and a control group of 100 women with mild non-proteinuric hypertension (>34 weeks). A detailed history including past, personal and family history, pregnancy outcome including delivery details and perinatal outcome and available investigations were recorded in a pre-designed proforma. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for pre-eclampsia. The risk factors that were associated with increased risk of early onset severe PE-E were: history of PE-E in a previous pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio, aOR 71.40); exposure to passive smoking (aOR 16.40); inadequate antenatal supervision (aOR 15.21); family history of hypertension in one or more 1st-degree relative (aOR 8.92); living in a joint family (aOR 6.93); overweight (>120% to 150% of pre-pregnancy ideal body weight, aOR 4.65) and lower socioeconomic class (Kuppuswamy's class III-V) (aOR 3.00). Based on the above risk factors, a risk model can be constituted as practised in other places and implemented in the primary preventive measure of early-onset severe pre-eclampsia among the North Indian women attending this tertiary care hospital.
Subject(s)
Eclampsia/epidemiology , Pre-Eclampsia/epidemiology , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Pregnancy , Risk Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
An outbreak of cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa occurred in and around Chandigarh during July 22-31, 2002. Of the 303 patients admitted to two hospitals, 82 were confirmed by culture. Two rehabilitation colonies located at the periphery of Chandigarh were mainly affected. The isolates were biotyped as Eltor and were susceptible to many antibiotics. Thirty one (35.2%) of 88 water samples showed evidence of faecal contamination. The survey of the area revealed sewage contamination of the drinking water supply. The outbreak was controlled by providing safe drinking water to the people and correcting the defects in the sewage and water pipelines.
Subject(s)
Cholera/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Vibrio cholerae O1 , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Cholera/microbiology , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Vibrio cholerae O1/isolation & purification , Water Microbiology , Water SupplyABSTRACT
We report the case of a seventy-four-year-old woman with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the urethra who achieved complete biopsy-proved regression of the tumor for more than thirty months after therapy with 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin-C, and radiotherapy.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Cobalt Radioisotopes/therapeutic use , Fluorouracil/therapeutic use , Mitomycins/therapeutic use , Urethral Neoplasms/therapy , Aged , Biopsy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infusions, Parenteral , Mitomycin , Mitomycins/administration & dosage , Time Factors , Urethral Neoplasms/pathology , Urethral Neoplasms/radiotherapyABSTRACT
An osteogenic sarcoma occurring in a 22-year-old woman was found to be associated with production of a large amount of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (B-hCG). Pregnancy was excluded on the basis of a normal ultrasonogram and a proliferative type endometrium obtained by curettage. A homogenate of the tumor was strongly positive for B-hCG while immunohistochemical staining of the tumor cells was strongly positive for B-hCG and negative for pregnancy associated glycoprotein. These results indicate ectopic production of hCG by the osteosarcoma.
