Prevalence and characterization of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and colonization in dentists.

H. pylori is an important factor in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including gastro-intestinal, metabolic and vascular disorders. Therefore, identification of individuals at risk of this infection remains of critical importance. Dentists and dental professionals may be at increased risk due to the contact with oral cavity of patients with the presence of H. pylori in the oral cavity where it may serve as reservoir for gastric infections and participate in the pathogenesis oral mucosal lesions and ulceration. However, evidence regarding the occurrence of H. pylori infections and colonization in dentists is conflicting, but has been based mainly on serological studies, which carry significant limitations. Therefore, we attempted to characterize H. pylori infection in practising dentists in relation to the duration of their work as dental professionals. Moreover, apart from seropositivity, which was used by majority of previous studies, we have performed urea-breath test (UBT), which has been shown to represent active H. pylori infection in stomach as well as the H. pylori culture from the oral cavity. We found that while the occurrence of either gastric or oral H. pylori in dentists is not greater than in general population, it seems that in male dentists there is a greater risk of gastric H. pylori infection. Moreover, we found a relationship between the length of dentist occupation with the presence of H. pylori in gingival sulcus. In conclusion, while overall occurrence of H. pylori in dentists did not differ from that reported for stomach or oral cavity in general population, there was an increased occurrence of H. pylori in male dentists and the presence of this germ in the oral cavity appears to be related to the length of professional exposure.

Morphological evaluation of bone defect regeneration after treatment with two different forms of bone substitution materials on the basis of BONITmatrix.

In the design of biomaterials for therapeutic application the evaluation of cellular/tissue responses play a key role. In this study, the in vivo bone-regenerative capacity and resorption of granular BONITmatrix and a paste-like bone substitution material on the basis of BONITmatrix were investigated in a rat cranial defect model. The results obtained with both biomaterials were compared to each other. For these, the paste-like composite and the granular BONITmatrix were implanted in adult male WOK-W rats, the skulls were harvested after eight weeks, and histopathological examinated. The comparison of the both tested biomaterials showed that the paste-like composite is much better to handle, the resorption of the material and the ossification process is much faster than those of granular BONITmatrix. The amount of newly formed bone was also measured and more bone formation was found in bone defects filled with the paste-like composite compared to those with granular BONITmatrix. The present study showed that both biomaterials could stimulate bone regeneration, but the paste-like composite leads in comparison to granular BONITmatrix to an accelerated more comprehensive bone regeneration.