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1.
Phys Rev E ; 106(2-2): 025205, 2022 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36109929

ABSTRACT

A developing supercritical collisionless shock propagating in a homogeneously magnetized plasma of ambient gas origin having higher uniformity than the previous experiments is formed by using high-power laser experiment. The ambient plasma is not contaminated by the plasma produced in the early time after the laser shot. While the observed developing shock does not have stationary downstream structure, it possesses some characteristics of a magnetized supercritical shock, which are supported by a one-dimensional full particle-in-cell simulation taking the effect of finite time of laser-target interaction into account.

2.
Phys Rev E ; 105(2-2): 025203, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35291161

ABSTRACT

We present an experimental method to generate quasiperpendicular supercritical magnetized collisionless shocks. In our experiment, ambient nitrogen (N) plasma is at rest and well magnetized, and it has uniform mass density. The plasma is pushed by laser-driven ablation aluminum (Al) plasma. Streaked optical pyrometry and spatially resolved laser collective Thomson scattering clarify structures of plasma density and temperatures, which are compared with one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. It is indicated that just after the laser irradiation, the Al plasma is magnetized by a self-generated Biermann battery field, and the plasma slaps the incident N plasma. The compressed external field in the N plasma reflects N ions, leading to counterstreaming magnetized N flows. Namely, we identify the edge of the reflected N ions. Such interacting plasmas form a magnetized collisionless shock.

3.
Cell Death Dis ; 3: e313, 2012 May 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22622132

ABSTRACT

Apoptosis is induced by various stresses generated from the extracellular and intracellular environments. The fidelity of the cell cycle is monitored by surveillance mechanisms that arrest its further progression if any crucial process has not been completed or damages are sustained, and then the cells with problems undergo apoptosis. Although the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and that of apoptosis have been elucidated, the links between them are not clear, especially that between cell cycle and death receptor-mediated apoptosis. By using the HeLa.S-Fucci (fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator) cells, we investigated the relationship between the cell cycle progression and apoptotic execution. To monitor apoptotic execution during cell cycle progression, we observed the cells after induction of apoptosis with time-lapse fluorescent microscopy. About 70% of Fas-mediated apoptotic cells were present at G(1) phase and about 20% of cells died immediately after cytokinesis, whereas more than 60% of etoposide-induced apoptotic cells were at S/G(2) phases in random culture of the cells. These results were confirmed by using synchronized culture of the cells. Furthermore, mitotic cells showed the resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis. In conclusion, these findings suggest that apoptotic execution is dependent on cell cycle phase and Fas-mediated apoptosis preferentially occurs at G(1) phase.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis , G1 Phase , fas Receptor/metabolism , Cell Division , Etoposide/pharmacology , HeLa Cells , Humans , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Mitosis , Signal Transduction
7.
Phys Rev A ; 46(6): 3255-3275, 1992 Sep 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9908494
11.
Phys Rev A Gen Phys ; 37(3): 852-859, 1988 Feb 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9899728
12.
Soc Sci Med ; 21(10): 1125-9, 1985.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3936190

ABSTRACT

The use of an automatic analyzer for blood chemistry has become widespread since the latter half of the 1970s. This medical equipment conserved while improving accuracy. This technology has had a greater impact upon the structure of medical practice, management of medical institutions and medical economics, than previous diagnostic tests such as the X-ray, electrocardiograph and manual laboratory tests. This report analyzes the nationwide use of blood chemistry automatic analyzer, based on statistics from the Ministry of Health and Welfare. First, attempts are made to evaluate the significance of the provision of the multiple-channel auto-analyzer. Second, we review the impact of this technology on medical care and its background in three phases: medical institutions, clinical Laboratory Test Centers and national medical expenditure and the response of the government. These phenomena are common to the fruits of the technological revolution centered on ME (Medical Engineering or Medical Electronics), such as CT, ultrasonograph, hemodialyser. The rational utilization of this equipment will require the cooperative efforts of both economists and medical technologists.


Subject(s)
Blood Chemical Analysis/economics , Diagnostic Tests, Routine/instrumentation , Health Expenditures/trends , Medical Laboratory Science/instrumentation , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Diagnostic Tests, Routine/economics , Humans , Insurance, Health, Reimbursement/economics , Japan , Medical Laboratory Science/economics
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