Renal cell carcinoma in children, report of a new case.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare in children and is usually found in late children. We present a case of a 14 year-old boy who presented with right lumbar pain. CT-scan showed a tumor in the upper pole of the right kidney measuring 15 cm. He underwent radical nephrectomy and histopathologic examination revealed RCC. No adjuvant therapy was given. After three years and half, there is no evidence of recurrence.

Giant primary hydatid cyst of the adrenal gland: A rare case report.

Hydatid disease (HD) is a parasitic endemic zoononis in Tunisia, caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus Granulosus (EG). Adrenal glands are an uncommon and rare location for hydatid cysts, even in endemic areas, and primary adrenal cysts are exceptional. Herein, we report a rare case of 46-year-old man with primary giant adrenal hydatid cyst complicated by inferior vena cava thrombosis. The patient was successfully treated with an open adrenalectomy, with prophylactic albendazole therapy pre and postoperatively.

Intrarenal foreign body after PCNL procedure: A rare complication.

The use of LASER for lithotripsy has not only improved PCNL results, but also reported complications related to laser's use. We report a case of severed guide wire after PCNL.

Emphysematous prostatitis: A case report.

We report the case of a 48-year-old man with ischemic stroke, diabetes and chronic renal failure admitted for fever with LUTS associated with nausea and vomiting.The physical examination showed a depressible abdomen, painful prostate on digital rectal examination.A biological inflammatory syndrome with diabetic ketoacidosis.The abdominopelvic CT scan confirmed the diagnosis by the presence of gas in the prostate,and the CBUE was positive for Enterobacter cloacae.The patient was treated with appropriate antibiotic therapy with transrectal aspiration of the prostate collection,but the evolution was marked by the worsening of the patient's condition leading to his death after two weeks of treatment.

Brain Metastasis of Pheochromocytoma: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge.

BACKGROUND: Pheochromocytoma brain metastasis is extremely rare. Few cases have been reported in the literature. Therefore, diagnosis and effective treatment of these lesions are difficult. CASE DESCRIPTION: Here, we report the case of 29-year-old woman, who was operated on for a right adrenal pheochromocytoma. Fourteen months later, a posterior fossa tumor was diagnosed. Radiologic findings mimicked an extra-axial lesion. The radiologic differential diagnosis was difficult even using magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy. The patient was operated on through a retrosigmoid approach. Local recurrence occurred 6 months after first surgery. The patient died 1 month later, despite a second operation. CONCLUSIONS: Although the occurrence of brain metastases in pheochromocytoma is not prevalent, patients presenting with suggestive features need to be carefully considered. Magnetic resonance imaging can help in differential diagnosis with a primary brain tumor. There are no established guidelines for the treatment of pheochromocytoma brain metastasis, for which the prognosis remains dismal, despite effective surgery.

Rank-Two NMF Clustering for Glioblastoma Characterization.

This study investigates a novel classification method for 3D multimodal MRI glioblastomas tumor characterization. We formulate our segmentation problem as a linear mixture model (LMM). Thus, we provide a nonnegative matrix M from every MRI slice in every segmentation process' step. This matrix will be used as an input for the first segmentation process to extract the edema region from T2 and FLAIR modalities. After that, in the rest of segmentation processes, we extract the edema region from T1c modality, generate the matrix M, and segment the necrosis, the enhanced tumor, and the nonenhanced tumor regions. In the segmentation process, we apply a rank-two NMF clustering. We have executed our tumor characterization method on BraTS 2015 challenge dataset. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations over the publicly training and testing dataset from the MICCAI 2015 multimodal brain segmentation challenge (BraTS 2015) attested that the proposed algorithm could yield a competitive performance for brain glioblastomas characterization (necrosis, tumor core, and edema) among several competing methods.

Applicability, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Improvised External Ventricular Drainage: An Observational Study of Tunisian Neurosurgery Inpatients.

OBJECTIVE: External ventricular drainage (EVD) is an emergent neurosurgical procedure. Many commercial sets are available for EVD that are not always obtainable in all hospitals. The aim of our study was to describe new techniques to perform EVD using simple improvised materials to check the real-world applicability of the same device in the management of acute hydrocephalus and its effectiveness and safety. METHODS: We illustrated 2 techniques for a "do it yourself" improvised EVD device using materials available even in non-neurosurgery-dedicated operating rooms. We performed an observational study in our institution (April 2015 to December 2016). We included all patients presenting with acute hydrocephalus and requiring EVD. RESULTS: During a 20-month period, the new EVD device was used as a lifesaving solution for 33 patients. Good outcomes were noted in 11 of the 33 patients (33%). The EVD was complicated by fatal meningitis in 4 of the patients (12%). Malfunction occurred in 6 patients. The new EVD device costs less than US$20 for the first technique and less than US$10 for the second technique. In contrast, the cost of a standard EVD set ranges from US$170 to US$380 in Tunisia. CONCLUSIONS: The new EVD device has the potential to improve the quality of efficiency of care in difficult economic times that have changed the medical landscape, because it is both easy to make and cost-effective. Because it is an inexpensive technique, it could also be suitable for low-income countries, where neurosurgery is not yet the first and foremost health priority.

A supramolecular double sulfate salt with a lamellar type: crystal structure and thermal behavior.

The synthesis of a series of supramolecular double sulfate salts using transition metals and the aromatic amine α-methylbenzylamine afforded an unexpected hybrid lamellar structure type. (C8H12N)2[M(H2O)4(SO4)2]·2H2O (M = Fe to Zn) crystallizes with a monoclinic structure (S.G. P21/n), with a significant interlamellar distance of more than 16 Å. While comparable to common clay materials, the crystal structure is actually supramolecular; in particular, the mineral layer is built from hydrogen bonds only. The interlayer space is filled with aromatic amines that form chains through C-H···π interactions. The thermal study of all metal compounds revealed good stability of the filled compounds up to 200 °C. The dehydration proceeds differently according to the metal incorporated into the structure. In particular, the stepped release of water drastically modifies the interlayer space, which is able to vary from 14.8 to 18.8 Å, in an opposite way for the Zn-related compound compared to other metals.