[Long-term effects of autogenous coronoid grafts on the facial growth of children with unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis and reconstructed mandibular condyle].

OBJECTIVE: Mandibular condyle injury usually results in malocclusion and disharmony of facial growth in growing children. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of autogenous coronoid grafts on the facial growth of children with unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis who underwent mandibular condyle reconstruction. METHODS: Ten growing patients with unilateral bony TMJ ankylosis admitted in West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University between January 1st, 2008 and December 31st, 2016 were followed up and evaluated. These patients include three males and seven females with ages ranging from 5 years to 12 years at the time of surgery. Each patient underwent gap arthroplasty, condyle reconstruction with ipsilateral coronoid, and interposition of the pedicled temporalis fascial flap in a single operation. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 years to 8 years with an average of 4.9 years. Postoperative panoramic radiographs determined the growth of the mandibular height and length on the affected side and compared it with those of the healthy side. RESULTS: All patients recovered uneventfully after surgery. At the end of follow-up period, the maximal mouth opening ranged from 32 mm to 41 mm with an average of 35.6 mm. Mandibular height and length continued to grow after the successful treatment of ankylosis using autogenous coronoid grafts for condyle reconstruction. However, growth deficit still existed. The final ramus height and mandibular length of the affected side at the end of follow-up increased by 25.3% (P<0.05) and 26.1% (P<0.05), respectively, compared with the initial values measured immediately after surgery. Growth rates of ramus height and mandibular length of the affected side were 47.1% and 27.2% lower (P<0.05) than those of the healthy side, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Mandibular height and length continued to grow after the successful treatment of ankylosis by using autogenous coronoid grafts for condyle reconstruction. However, growth deficit still existed. The growth rate of the affected mandible was reduced compared with that of the undisturbed side even after treatment of ankylosis.

Potential hepatoxicity risk of the shell of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall in rats based on 1H-NMR metabonomics.

The Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall (HCW) is a traditional Tibetan medicine and is widely used in clinical practice. However, the shell of the HCW (SHCW) has rarely been studied, and some researchers have suggested that the SHCW may be toxic. Therefore, in this study, SHCW was administered to rats at two doses (0.1 and 0.33 g/kg) once a day for 21 days. The hepatic stimuli induced by SHCW in rats were investigated for the first time by 1H-NMR-based metabolomics combined with histopathological observation and biochemical detection. Histopathological sections showed a certain degree of hepatocyte edema and hepatic sinus congestion in the liver tissue of the rats in the drug-administered group. Serum biochemical indicators revealed a significant increase in ALT, AST, and MDA, and a significant decrease in SOD. Metabolomic results showed that the metabolites in rats were changed after gavage administration of extracts from SHCW. By multivariate statistical analysis and univariate analysis, it was found that SHCW could cause the disorder of energy metabolism, oxidative stress and amino acid metabolism in rats, leading to liver damage. This comprehensive metabolomics approach demonstrates its ability to describe the global metabolic state of an organism and provides a powerful and viable tool for exploring drug-induced toxicity or side effects.

Efficacy of combined modality therapy for intractable difficult-to-treat rhinosinusitis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effects of the combined modality therapy for the patients with difficult-to-treat rhinosinusitis (DTRS).@*METHOD@#The clinical data involving 42 patients with DTRS were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and combined modality therapy systematically and individually. The clinical effects of all patients were observed 6- and 12-month following revision ESS.@*RESULT@#Forty-two patients were followed up for 6 months, whereas 35 patients were followed for 12 months post operation. VAS scores of the patients significantly improved (P 0.05) between 6- and 12-month post operation. Moreover, Lund-Kennedy scores by endoscopy significantly improved (P 0.05) between 6- and 12-month postoperatively. Additionally, within 6 months follow-up, 16 of 42 patients (38.1%) were cured, 19 of 42 patients (45.2%) were improved, and 7 of 42 patients (16.7%) were ineffective. The total effective rate in all patients was 83.3% 6 months postoperatively. While within 12 months follow-up, 11 of 35 patients (31.4%) were cured, 15 of 35 patients (42.9%) were improved, and 9 of 35 patients (25.7%) were ineffective. Hence, the total effective rate in 35 patients was 74.3% after 12-month follow-up. There was no statistic difference (χ² = 1.019, P > 0.05) between 6- and 12-month postoperatively.@*CONCLUSION@#Appropriate revision ESS plus the combined modality therapy has been proven to be an effective method for the treatment of DTRS. The clinical effects in this study are significant and stable, and thus it is worthy of further clinical applications.

[An introduction of Zuotai in Tibetan patent medicine].

Zuotai is an essential part in Tibetan patent medicine, which plays an important role in treating diseases. This paper introduced the invention, preparing process, use, effectiveness, and safety of Zuotai, aimed to provide an insight for traditional Chinese medicine when using heavy mental within Chinese patent medicine.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel hydroxyethylamine derivatives with nitrogen heterocyclic moiety at N-terminal as BACE1 inhibitors / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective: To develop a new series of hydroxy ethylamine (HEA) BACE1 inhibitors with nitrogen heterocyclic moiety at N-terminal and find new N-terminal moiety for enhancing BACE1 inhibition activity. Methods: New HEA compounds with nitrogen heterocyclic moiety at N-terminal were synthesized and evaluated as BACE1 inhibitors,with (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate EGCG as a positive control. Results: All new compounds were characterized by 1H NMR and ESI-MS. Evaluation of BACE1 inhibition activity showed that the compound I6 with indole moiety at N-terminal had BACE1 inhibition activity. Conclusion: The results suggested that the indole moiety at N-terminal interact with S2 pocket of BACE1 and be favorable for enhancing BACE1 inhibition activity, Thus, the indole moiety at N-terminal can be used as lead structure for further finding more effient BACE1 inhibitors.

Peripheral facial paralysis in temporal bone trauma and cholesteatoma otitis media / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate into the surgical approaches and clinical curative effect of peripheral facial nerve paralysis in different causes and injury location.@*METHOD@#Thirty-two cases of peripheral facial paralysis were treated with selective facial nerve decompression via different surgical approaches. After 0.5 year to 2 years follow up, the recovered functions of facial nerve were judged by House and Brackmann grading system.@*RESULT@#In all patients, 17 cases of peripheral facial paralysis caused by trauma were underwent facial nerve decompression in two weeks, 11 cases reached degree I (84.6%) according to House-Brackmann (H-B) facial nerve function scores, 3 cases were treated in the third week, 2 cases reached degree II and other 1 cases reached degree III. One patient was treated after 8 weeks and facial nerve function scores only reached degree VI. Thirteen cases of otomastoiditis in middle ear were underwent facial nerve decompression in one week, postoperative House-Brackmann grade was I in 8 cases, II in 2, and III in 4.@*CONCLUSION@#Majority of patients with peripheral facial paralysis were treated with facial nerve decompression have better clinical curative effect by suitable operation and juncture due to trauma or cholesteatoma otitis media, but operation for traumatic peripheral facial paralysis should be undertaken in two weeks.