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1.
Diagnostics (Basel) ; 13(3)2023 Jan 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36766491

ABSTRACT

Continuous and non-invasive measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is important to recognize increased ICP (IICP), which can reduce treatment delays. The purpose of this study was to develop an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based prediction model for IICP in a porcine TBI model. Thirty swine were anaesthetized and underwent IICP by inflating a Foley catheter in the intracranial space. Single-channel EEG data were collected every 6 min in 10 mmHg increments in the ICP from baseline to 50 mmHg. We developed EEG-based models to predict the IICP (equal or over 25 mmHg) using four algorithms: logistic regression (LR), naive Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF). We assessed the performance of each model based on the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values. The accuracy of each prediction model for IICP was 0.773 for SVM, 0.749 for NB, 0.746 for RF, and 0.706 for LR. The AUC of each model was 0.860 for SVM, 0.824 for NB, 0.802 for RF, and 0.748 for LR. We developed a machine learning prediction model for IICP using single-channel EEG signals in a swine TBI experimental model. The SVM model showed good predictive power with the highest AUC value.

3.
Nat Commun ; 12(1): 2695, 2021 05 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33976205

ABSTRACT

mTOR signaling, involving mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes, critically regulates neural development and is implicated in various brain disorders. However, we do not fully understand all of the upstream signaling components that can regulate mTOR signaling, especially in neurons. Here, we show a direct, regulated inhibition of mTOR by Tanc2, an adaptor/scaffolding protein with strong neurodevelopmental and psychiatric implications. While Tanc2-null mice show embryonic lethality, Tanc2-haploinsufficient mice survive but display mTORC1/2 hyperactivity accompanying synaptic and behavioral deficits reversed by mTOR-inhibiting rapamycin. Tanc2 interacts with and inhibits mTOR, which is suppressed by mTOR-activating serum or ketamine, a fast-acting antidepressant. Tanc2 and Deptor, also known to inhibit mTORC1/2 minimally affecting neurodevelopment, distinctly inhibit mTOR in early- and late-stage neurons. Lastly, Tanc2 inhibits mTORC1/2 in human neural progenitor cells and neurons. In summary, our findings show that Tanc2 is a mTORC1/2 inhibitor affecting neurodevelopment.


Subject(s)
Brain/metabolism , Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1/metabolism , Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2/metabolism , Neurons/metabolism , Proteins/metabolism , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Animals , Brain/embryology , Brain/growth & development , Cells, Cultured , HEK293 Cells , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology , Learning Disabilities/genetics , Learning Disabilities/physiopathology , Maze Learning/drug effects , Maze Learning/physiology , Memory Disorders/genetics , Memory Disorders/physiopathology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Knockout , Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects , Neuronal Plasticity/genetics , Neuronal Plasticity/physiology , Proteins/genetics , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Sirolimus/pharmacology
4.
J Healthc Eng ; 5(4): 429-38, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25516126

ABSTRACT

Photoplethysmograph (PPG) has been widely used to investigate various cardiovascular conditions. Previous studies demonstrated effects of temperature of the measurement environment; however, an integrated evaluation has not been established in environments with gradual air temperature variation. The purpose of this study is to investigate variations and relationships of blood pressure (BP), PPG and cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR), by changing skin surface temperature (SST). Local mild cooling and heating was conducted on 16 healthy subjects. The results showed that local SST changes affected Finometer blood pressures (Finger BP), PPG components and TPR, but not the oscillometric blood pressure (Central BP), HR, SV and CO, and indicated that temperature must be maintained and monitored to reliably evaluate cardiovascular conditions in temperature-varying environments.


Subject(s)
Photoplethysmography/methods , Skin Temperature/physiology , Adult , Humans , Skin/blood supply , Vasoconstriction/physiology , Vasodilation/physiology , Young Adult
5.
Diagn Pathol ; 7: 139, 2012 Oct 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23044077

ABSTRACT

We report a hitherto not documented case of primary mucinous cystadenoma arising in the spermatic cord within the right inguinal canal of a78-year-old man. The tumor was painless, hard and mobile. A computed tomography scan on the pelvis revealed an oval shaped, low attenuation mass, measuring 5.0x2.5x2.1 cm, that was present adjacent to the vas deferens. Grossly, the excised mass was multicystic mucinous tumor, filled with thick mucoid materials. Microscopically, the cystic wall was irregularly thickened. The cystic epithelium commonly showed short papillae lined by a single layer of columnar to cuboidal mucinous epithelial cells without significant stratification or cytologic atypia. Goblet cells were also frequently present. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells showed positive reaction to carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin 20, CDX2, epithelial membrane antigen, and CD15. However, they were negative for PAX8 and Wilms' tumor 1 protein. Pathological diagnosis was a papillary mucinous cystadenoma of the spermatic cord. Although mucinous cystadenoma in this area is extremely rare, it is important that these lesions be recognized clinically and pathologically in order to avoid unnecessary radical surgery. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1720965948762004.


Subject(s)
Cystadenoma, Mucinous/pathology , Cystadenoma, Papillary/pathology , Genital Neoplasms, Male/pathology , Spermatic Cord/pathology , Aged , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Cystadenoma, Mucinous/chemistry , Cystadenoma, Mucinous/surgery , Cystadenoma, Papillary/chemistry , Cystadenoma, Papillary/surgery , Genital Neoplasms, Male/chemistry , Genital Neoplasms, Male/surgery , Goblet Cells/pathology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Inguinal Canal , Male , Spermatic Cord/chemistry , Spermatic Cord/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male
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