ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is believed, that sustained lung inflation (SLI) at birth in preterm infants reduces the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) and improves respiratory outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare need for MV in preterm infants at high risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after prophylactic SLI via short binasal prongs at birth combined with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) versus nCPAP alone. METHODS: Medical records of infants born at 260/7 to 296/7 weeks gestation through 2015 and 2017 were retrospectively assessed. Infants who get sustained inflations at 25 cmH2 O pressure for 15 s following delivery via binasal short prongs comprised the study group. Gestational age matched infants who was supported solely with nCPAP (6 cmH2 O PEEP) comprised the control group. Early rescue surfactant (200 mg/kg poractant alfa) was delivered using the less invasive surfactant administration technique in infants with established RDS. RESULTS: A total of 215 infants were analyzed. Fewer infants in the SLI group required MV within the first 72 h of life compared to the control group (25.7% vs 56.9%, P < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, SLI emerged as an independent factor for reduced MV need. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) incidence including mild BPD was significantly lower in the SLI group (31.9% vs 48%, P = 0.01); however, moderate and severe BPD rates did not reach to a statistical significance (11.5% vs 20.6%, P = 0.06). CONCLUSION: Prophylactic SLI maneuver at birth for preterm infants with impending RDS reduces the need for MV with no adverse effects.
Subject(s)
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure/methods , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/prevention & control , Biological Products/administration & dosage , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/etiology , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/prevention & control , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/therapy , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Infant, Very Low Birth Weight , Insufflation , Male , Phospholipids/administration & dosage , Pulmonary Surfactants/administration & dosage , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Spontaneous intestinal perforations are localized perforations without the typical clinical, radiological, and histopathological features of necrotizing enterocolitis. Spontaneous intestinal perforation is a recently defined clinical entity. The best-known risk factor is prematurity. It is seen 2-3% in very low birthweight infants and 5 % of extremely low birthweight infants. Herein we report an extremely low birthweight infant with spontaneous intestinal perforation, segmental absence of intestinal muscle and an ileal web as an underlying cause. We aimed to draw attention to the segmental absence of intestinal muscle which is rare but increasingly reported cause of spontaneous intestinal perforation and the importance of histopathologic examination of surgical specimens.
Las perforaciones intestinales espontáneas son perforaciones localizadas sin las características clínicas, radiológicas e histopatológicas típicas de la enterocolitis necrosante. La perforación intestinal espontánea es una entidad clínica de reciente definición. El factor de riesgo más conocido es la prematurez. Se presenta en el 2-3% de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacer y en el 5% de los neonatos de extremadamente bajo peso. En este artículo presentamos el caso de un recién nacido de extremadamente bajo peso al nacer con perforación intestinal espontánea, ausencia segmentaria del músculo intestinal y membrana ileal como causas subyacentes. Nuestro objetivo es llamar la atención a la ausencia segmentaria del músculo intestinal, una afección rara pero que se informa cada vez más como causa de perforación intestinal espontánea, y a la importancia del examen histopatológico de las muestras obtenidas durante una cirugía.
Subject(s)
Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight , Intestinal Perforation/diagnosis , Muscle, Smooth/pathology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Intestines/pathology , Male , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Las perforaciones intestinales espontáneas son perforaciones localizadas sin las características clínicas, radiológicas e histopatológicas típicas de la enterocolitis necrosante. La perforación intestinal espontánea es una entidad clínica de reciente definición. El factor de riesgo más conocido es la prematurez. Se presenta en el 2-3% de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacer y en el 5% de los neonatos de extremadamente bajo peso. En este artículo presentamos el caso de un recién nacido de extremadamente bajo peso al nacer con perforación intestinal espontánea, ausencia segmentaria del músculo intestinal y membrana ileal como causas subyacentes. Nuestro objetivo es llamar la atención a la ausencia segmentaria del músculo intestinal, una afección rara pero que se informa cada vez más como causa de perforación intestinal espontánea, y a la importancia del examen histopatológico de las muestras obtenidas durante una cirugía.
Spontaneous intestinal perforations are localized perforations without the typical clinical, radiological, and histopathological features of necrotizing enterocolitis. Spontaneous intestinal perforation is a recently defined clinical entity. The best-known risk factor is prematurity. It is seen 2-3% in very low birthweight infants and 5 % of extremely low birthweight infants. Herein we report an extremely low birthweight infant with spontaneous intestinal perforation, segmental absence of intestinal muscle and an ileal web as an underlying cause. We aimed to draw attention to the segmental absence of intestinal muscle which is rare but increasingly reported cause of spontaneous intestinal perforation and the importance of histopathologic examination of surgical specimens.
