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1.
Dis Colon Rectum ; 65(12): 1494-1502, 2022 12 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36382840

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite short-course radiation and chemotherapy gaining popularity because of similar or better oncological outcomes, functional outcomes relative to long-course radiation have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To compare bowel function outcomes after long-course or short-course radiation and delayed operation for advanced rectal cancers. DESIGN: Propensity-matched analysis. SETTINGS: This study was conducted at a single tertiary cancer center. Patients were operated on between 2014 and 2020. PATIENTS: The study included patients with locally advanced, nonmetastatic, mid, and low rectal cancers who underwent low anterior resection with stapled anastomosis and diverting ostomy. Extended or beyond total mesorectal excisions and lateral node dissections were excluded. INTERVENTIONS: Long-course radiation delivered as a radiation dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions or short-course radiation (5 Gy in 5 fractions) and delayed surgery after 4 to 6 weeks with or without chemotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: One-time assessment of low anterior resections syndrome and Wexner incontinence scores at least 6 months after stoma reversal. RESULTS: After matching 124 patients in the 1:2 ratio between short- and long-course radiations, 93 patients were included for analysis. Any low anterior resection syndrome was found in 90.3% of short-course patients compared to 54.8% after long-course radiation (p < 0.001). Major incontinence was detected in 6.5% after short-course radiation as opposed to 8.1% of patients after long-course radiation (p = 0.781). On multivariate logistic regression, short-course radiation predicted the development of any low anterior resection syndrome with an OR of 4.4. LIMITATIONS: Selection and misclassification biases from retrospective recruitment. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with locally advanced, nonmetastatic, mid, and low rectal cancers who underwent preoperative radiation followed by stapled low anterior resection, short-course radiation had higher probability of developing low anterior resection syndrome than long-course radiation. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/C37. RESULTADOS DE LA FUNCIN INTESTINAL DESPUS DE LA RADIACIN DE CICLO LARGO O CORTO EN CNCER DE RECTO AVANZADO UN ANLISIS EMPAREJADO DE PROPENSIN: ANTECEDENTES:A pesar de que la radiación de corta duración y la quimioterapia están ganando popularidad debido a resultados oncológicos similares o mejores, los resultados funcionales en relación con la radiación de larga duración no han sido evaluado.OBJETIVO:Comparar resultados de la función intestinal después de la radiación de ciclo largo o corto y cirugía diferida para los en cáncer de recto avanzado.DISEÑO:Análisis emparejado de propensión.ENTORNO CLINICO:Centro único de cáncer terciario. Pacientes operados entre 2014 y 2020.PACIENTES:Cánceres de recto medio y bajo localmente avanzados, no metastásicos, que se sometieron a resección anterior baja con anastomosis grapada y ostomía de derivación. Se excluyeron las escisiones total de mesorecto extendidas o más allá del plano y las disecciones de los ganglios laterales.INTERVENCIONES:Radiación de ciclo largo administrada como 50 Gy en 25 fracciones o radiación de ciclo corto (5 Gy en 5 fracciones) y cirugía diferida después de 4 a 6 semanas con o sin quimioterapia.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Evaluación única del síndrome de reseccion anterior baja y escala de Wexner de incontinencia al menos seis meses después de la restitución del tránsito intestinal.RESULTADOS:Después de emparejar 124 pacientes en la proporción 1:2 entre radiación de ciclo corto y largo, se incluyeron 93 pacientes para el análisis. Se encontró cualquier síndrome de resección anterior baja en el 90,3% de los pacientes de ciclo corto en comparación con el 54,8% después de la radiación de ciclo largo (p < 0,001). Se detectó incontinencia grave en el 6,5% después de un tratamiento de corta duración frente al 8,1% de los pacientes que recibieron un tratamiento de radiación de larga duración (p = 0,781). En la regresión logística multivariable, la radiación de corta duración predijo el desarrollo de cualquier síndrome de resección anterior baja con una probabilidad de 4,4.LIMITACIONES:Sesgos de selección y clasificación errónea de reclutamiento retrospectivo.CONCLUSIONES:Para los cánceres de recto medio e inferior localmente avanzados, no metastásicos, que se sometieron a radiación preoperatoria seguida de resección anterior baja con grapas, curso corto tuvo una mayor probabilidad de desarrollar síndrome de resección anterior baja en comparación con radiación de curso largo. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/C37. (Traducción- Dr. Francisco M. Abarca-Rendon).


Subject(s)
Proctectomy , Rectal Neoplasms , Humans , Rectal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Postoperative Complications , Syndrome
2.
Colorectal Dis ; 24(12): 1516-1525, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35839321

ABSTRACT

AIM: The learning curve of total mesorectal excision (TME) by minimally invasive surgery (MIS) beyond the competency phase has not been adequately reported with large numbers or using a statistical control limit. The aim of this work was to study the learning curve of MIS TME in the proficiency phase. METHOD: Risk-adjusted (RA) cumulative sum (CUSUM) and RA Bernoulli CUSUM charts were plotted for sequential MIS TME performed by a surgical team over 1000 cases. Surgical failure, a composite endpoint of conversions, complications of grade IIIA or above, R1 resections and inadequate nodal yield were used to monitor the performance. RESULTS: The RA CUSUM detected an inflection point around the 600th operation. Two peaks were identified that could be traced back to probable causes of surgical failure. Similar inflection points were detected at the 450th case for laparoscopic TME and the 367th case for sphincter preservation. No single definite threshold point was noticed for robotic or abdominoperineal operations. At no point did the curves cross the safety threshold. The probability of surgical failure reduced with increasing experience in the multivariate regression (OR 0.899, p = 0.000). This association persisted irrespective of the surgical approach (laparoscopic versus robotic) or the type of operation (sphincter preservation versus abdominoperineal resection). CONCLUSION: The learning curves for MIS TME did not cross the safety threshold beyond the competency phase. However, a 10% reduction of relative risk in surgical failure was observed for every 100 cases operated on.


Subject(s)
Laparoscopy , Proctectomy , Rectal Neoplasms , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Robotics , Humans , Learning Curve , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Proctectomy/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Retrospective Studies
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