ABSTRACT
A survey of the United States and Canadian governmental agencies investigated the environmental impact and relative invasiveness of free-roaming domestic non-native carnivores-dogs, cats, and ferrets. Agencies represented wildlife, fish, game, natural or environmental resources, parks and recreation, veterinary and human health, animal control, and agriculture. Respondents were asked to document the number and frequency of sightings of unconfined animals, evidence for environmental harm, and the resulting "degree of concern" in their respective jurisdictions. Results confirmed the existence of feral (breeding) cats and dogs, documenting high levels of concern regarding the impact of these animals on both continental and surrounding insular habitats. Except for occasional strays, no free-roaming or feral ferrets were reported; nor were there reports of ferrets impacting native wildlife, including ground-nesting birds, or sensitive species. This is the first study to report the relative impact of free-roaming domestic carnivores. Dogs and cats meet the current definition of "invasive" species, whereas ferrets do not. Differences in how each species impacts the North American environment highlights the complex interaction between non-native species and their environment. Public attitudes and perceptions regarding these species may be a factor in their control and agency management priorities.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras la aplicación de un protocolo de rehabilitación cognitiva basado en el funcionamiento sensorial de personas mayores. Metodología: se trata de un estudio pre-post, en el que un grupo de 4 personas mayores de 55 años con deterioro cognitivo leve participa durante 5 semanas, 3 veces a la semana, 60 minutos cada sesión en un protocolo de rehabilitación cognitiva. Se evalúan los dominios cognitivos, la independencia en actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria y la percepción de la carga del cuidador. Se desarrollan las actividades en cinco etapas propuestas por Ross y Burdick, bajo los principios de integración sensorial. Resultados: se evidencia el mantenimiento de habilidades como atención y función ejecutiva en dos de los participantes y un mejor desempeño cognitivo en las otras dos personas en áreas como la orientación, la memoria, la percepción, y las operaciones racionales; al igual que en la ejecución de actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria. Discusión: en Colombia son pocos los programas de rehabilitación cognitiva dirigidos a personas mayores, la evidencia muestra que dichos programas generan resultados en la independencia cotidiana, en las relaciones y en el entorno socio-familiar. Se hace necesario aumentar el tiempo de ejecución del protocolo ya que podrían evidenciarse mejores resultados en los dominios anteriormente descritos. Hay una escasa producción académica alrededor del uso de los principios de integración sensorial en los programas de rehabilitación cognitiva, lo que amerita el trabajo por parte de terapeutas ocupacionales en la investigación sobre este tema.
Introduction: we present the results obtained after the application of a cognitive rehabilitation protocol based on sensory functioning of elderly. Methodology: this is a pre-post study, in which a group of 4 people over 55 years with mild cognitive impairment participated for 5 weeks, 3 times a week, 60 minutes each session in a cognitive rehabilitation protocol. It assesses the cognitive domains, independence in instrumental activities of daily living and caregiver ìs perceived burden. Activities are developed in five stages proposed by Ross and Burdick, under the principles of sensory integration. Results: there are evidence about the maintaining of the attention and the executive function in two of the participants and better cognitive performance in the other two people in the áreas of orientation, memory, perception, and rational operations, as in the performance of instrumental activities of daily living. Discussion: in Colombia there are few cognitive rehabilitation programs for older people, the evidence shows that these programs generate results in daily independence, relationships and the social and family environment. It is necessary to increase the protocol execution time because it could show best performance in the domains described above. There is little academic production around the use of sensory integration principles in cognitive rehabilitation programs, which justifies the work by occupational therapists in research on this topic.
