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1.
Arch Rheumatol ; 39(1): 81-88, 2024 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38774694

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This study sought to compare the protective effect of the upper zone of the growth plate and unique cartilage matrix-associated protein (UCMA) with hyaluronic acid (HA) and corticosteroids (CS) in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: In the experimental animal study, 40 adult male rats were randomly assigned into five groups: control, monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) + vehicle (MIA+V), MIA+HA, MIA+CS, and MIA+UCMA. The OA model was induced by an intra-articular MIA injection to the right knee, and intra-articular injections into the right knee were performed on the treatment groups seven times every three days for 21 days. The knee joints were taken for histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses after the rats were sacrificed. All sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, safranin O and fast green FCF, and toluidine blue, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expressions were analyzed with IHC. The Mankin scoring was utilized to determine the histopathological changes in the joint tissues. Results: Mankin score was significantly higher in the MIA group compared to the control group. Histopathologically, in the UCMA-, HA-, and CS-treated groups, degenerations in the articular cartilage were milder than in the MIA+V group. Mankin score was found to be decreased significantly in the UCMA-, HA-, and CS-treated groups compared to the MIA group. Furthermore, IHC analyses revealed that NF-κB and BMP-2 expressions elevated in the MIA-induced OA model, while they were downregulated after UCMA, HA, and CS treatments. Conclusion: Our data revealed that UCMA could be used as a potential protective molecule in the prevention and treatment of OA. Furthermore, the protective effect of UCMA was similar to HA and CS, and its possible beneficial roles against OA may be linked to the reduced BMP-2 and NF-κB levels. Further experimental research would make significant contributions to a better understanding of the therapeutic effect of UCMA on degenerative cartilage tissues.

3.
Birth Defects Res ; 115(15): 1398-1410, 2023 09 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37403489

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prenatal stress is a significant risk factor affecting pregnant women and fetal health. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of immobility stress at different periods of pregnancy on oxidative stress, inflammation, placental apoptosis and intrauterine growth retardation in rats. METHODS: Fifty adult virgin female Wistar albino rats were used. Pregnant rats were exposed to 6 h/day immobilization stress in a wire cage at different stages of pregnancy. Groups I and II (Day 1-10 stress group) were sacrificed on the 10th day of pregnancy, and Group III, Group IV (10-19th-day stress group), and Group V (1-19th-day stress group) were sacrificed on the 19th day of pregnancy. Inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), serum corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and corticosterone levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels in the placenta were spectrophotometrically measured. Histopathological analyses of the placenta were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and caspase-3 immunoreactivity in placenta tissues were determined by the indirect immunohistochemical method. Placental apoptosis was determined by the TUNEL staining method. RESULTS: We found that the immobility stress during pregnancy significantly increased serum corticosterone levels. Our results showed that the immobility stress diminished the number and weight of fetuses in rats compared to the non-stress group. The immobility stress caused significant histopathological changes in the connection zone and labyrinth zone and increased placental TNF-α and caspase-3 immunoreactivity and placental apoptosis. In addition, immobility stress significantly increased the levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and MDA and caused a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and anti-inflammatory IL-10. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that immobility stress causes intrauterine growth retardation by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and deteriorating placental histomorphology and deregulating inflammatory and oxidative processes.


Subject(s)
Fetal Growth Retardation , Placenta , Humans , Rats , Female , Pregnancy , Animals , Placenta/metabolism , Interleukin-10/metabolism , Interleukin-10/pharmacology , Caspase 3/metabolism , Caspase 3/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology , Interleukin-6/pharmacology , Corticosterone/metabolism , Corticosterone/pharmacology , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism , Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Inflammation/complications , Inflammation/metabolism , Inflammation/pathology , Apoptosis , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
4.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 201(8): 3919-3927, 2023 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36357655

ABSTRACT

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent articular disease mainly characterized by extracellular matrix degradation, apoptosis, and inflammation, which lead to cartilage destruction and abnormal bone metabolism. With undesirable side effects, current limited symptomatic treatments are aimed at relieving pain and improving joint mobility in patients with OA. Intra-articular (IA) hyaluronic acid (HA) injection, as a nonsurgical therapy, is commonly used in the clinical management of knee OA, but the efficacy of this therapeutic option remains controversial. Ebselen has tremendous pharmacological importance for some diseases due to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory features. However, there is no research examining the therapeutic effect of Ebselen in OA using the rat OA model. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Ebselen on cartilage degeneration and its role in bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling in the molecular pathogenesis of OA. We induced a knee OA model in rats with an IA injection of monosodium-iodoacetate (MIA). After the treatment of Ebselen, we evaluated its chondroprotective effects by morphological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical methods and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We report for the first time that Ebselen treatment alleviated articular cartilage degeneration in the rat knee OA model and reduced MIA-induced BMP2 and NF-κB expressions. In addition, our results unveiled that Ebselen decreased IL-ß and IL-6 levels but did not affect COMP levels in the rat serum. Ebselen could be a promising therapeutic drug for the prevention and treatment of OA by alleviating cartilage degeneration and regulating BMP2 and NF-κB expressions.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Cartilage, Articular , Iodoacetic Acid , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Animals , Rats , Cartilage, Articular/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Iodoacetic Acid/pharmacology , Iodoacetic Acid/therapeutic use , NF-kappa B/genetics , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Osteoarthritis, Knee/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/genetics , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Interleukin-1beta/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Rats, Wistar , Male
5.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(7): 10558-10574, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34523106

ABSTRACT

In the present study, toxic effects, both alone and combined, of bisphenol A (BPA), lead (Pb) and endosulfan (ES) in the low doses were investigated in rat liver and kidney functions. In the study, bisphenol A (BPA), lead (Pb) and endosulfan (ES) were chosen because although they are the chemicals people are most frequently exposed to, no combined toxic effect studies were conducted with these chemicals. Sixty-four male Wistar albino rats were used in the study, and they were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 8 per group); control, BPA (5 mg/kg), Pb (100 ppm), ES (0.61 mg/kg), BPA+Pb, BPA+ES, Pb+ES and BPA+P+ES. The rats were sacrificed after 65 days of treatment. Severe histopathological changes in the liver and kidney tissues were observed in the rats exposed to BPA+Pb+ES combination. Elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and decreased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in the kidney tissue were detected in the BPA+Pb+ES group compared to those of the control group. It was found that serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CREA) levels were higher in the BPA+Pb+ES combination group than the control group. Also, combined exposure of BPA, Pb and ES caused apoptotic cell numbers and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) to increase in the liver and kidney tissues. The results of the present study suggested that the BPA, Pb and ES caused more dramatic changes to both histological architecture and cell apoptosis in the liver and kidney tissues when there was a combined exposure.


Subject(s)
Endosulfan , Lead , Animals , Benzhydryl Compounds/metabolism , Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity , Endosulfan/metabolism , Endosulfan/toxicity , Lead/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Male , Oxidative Stress , Phenols , Rats , Rats, Wistar
6.
Mol Biol Rep ; 47(11): 8867-8879, 2020 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33135128

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to investigate traditionally used Royal Jelly (RJ) for treating an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. A total of 32 Wistar albino male rats were divided into 4 groups of 8: group I = Control, group II = Ethanol, group III = RJ + Ethanol, and group IV = Lansoprazole + Ethanol. In groups II, III, and IV, animals were administered 1 ml of absolute ethanol orally after a 24-h fast to induce ulcer formation. The histopathological changes in the gastric mucosa were determined using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Immunohistochemically, inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa beta (Nf-κß) markings were evaluated in gastric tissue. Cell death in the gastric mucosa was determined by the TUNEL method. Oxidative status markers, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Expression of the interleukin - 1 beta (IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) genes in gastric tissues was determined by real-time PCR; and TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-1ß levels were determined. RJ was found to inhibit iNOS and Nf-κß activity in the gastric mucosa and prevent epithelial cell apoptosis. In particular, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1ß levels were significantly decreased in the RJ + Ethanol group compared to the Ethanol group. In addition, a decrease in the MPO level indicated that RJ prevented tissue damage, especially by preventing inflammatory cell infiltration. The study demonstrated a possible gastroprotective effect of RJ in a rat ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model.


Subject(s)
Disease Models, Animal , Ethanol/toxicity , Fatty Acids/pharmacology , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & control , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Catalase/metabolism , Central Nervous System Depressants/toxicity , Cytokines/genetics , Cytokines/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/injuries , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gene Expression/drug effects , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Rats, Wistar , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Stomach Ulcer/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
7.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol ; 98(11): 763-770, 2020 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32640182

ABSTRACT

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease affecting the majority of over 65 year old people and characterized by cartilage degeneration, subchondral abnormal changes, and inflammation. Despite the enormous socioeconomic burden caused by OA, currently, there is no effective therapy against it. Upper zone of growth plate and cartilage matrix associated protein (UCMA) is a vitamin K dependent protein and has a critical role in pathophysiological conditions associated with bone and cartilage. However, there is no research on the protective role of intra-articular UCMA treatment in OA pathogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic role of UCMA in an in vivo model of OA. We report for the first time that intra-articular UCMA injection ameliorated cartilage degeneration in a monosodium iodoacetate induced OA rat model. Furthermore, the OA-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa B and bone morphogenetic protein 2 signals was attenuated by UCMA. Our results indicated that UCMA decreased cartilage oligomeric matrix protein levels but did not affect interleukin 6, total antioxidant status, and total oxidant status levels in the serum. In conclusion, UCMA exhibited a therapeutic potential in the treatment of OA. This protective effect of UCMA is possibly achieved by reducing the aggrecanase activity and the production of inflammatory cytokines.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy , Cartilage, Articular/drug effects , Growth Plate/drug effects , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology , Osteoarthritis/drug therapy , Animals , Arthritis, Experimental/chemically induced , Arthritis, Experimental/immunology , Arthritis, Experimental/pathology , Cartilage, Articular/immunology , Cartilage, Articular/pathology , Cytokines/metabolism , Endopeptidases/metabolism , Growth Plate/growth & development , Humans , Injections, Intra-Articular , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/therapeutic use , Iodoacetates/toxicity , Male , Osteoarthritis/chemically induced , Osteoarthritis/immunology , Osteoarthritis/pathology , Rats , Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Signal Transduction/immunology
8.
Cutan Ocul Toxicol ; 39(3): 274-280, 2020 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32619116

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of high-dose systemic steroids on retinal tissues and the effectiveness of ozone (O3) therapy. METHODS: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups of eight. Group 1 was accepted as the control group, Group 2 received intramuscular 20 mg/kg methylprednisolone acetate and Group 3 received 14 sessions of ozone treatment in addition to methylprednisolone acetate. The subjects were sacrificed on the 30th day. Retinal tissues were removed. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were evaluated for tissue biochemistry and serum ischaemic modified albumin (IMA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were evaluated with the ELISA method. Haematoxylin-eosin staining and TUNEL evaluation for apoptosis were evaluated as histopathological methods. RESULTS: In the treatment group, antioxidant parameters of TAS, SOD and CAT were higher, oxidative and ischaemic parameters of MDA, TOS and IMA were lower, inflammatory parameters of IL-6 and TNF-α were lower, retinal thickness was better and apoptosis amount was lower. CONCLUSION: Apoptosis increases in retinal tissues due to high dose systemic steroid administration and the retina becomes thinner. With biochemical examination, oxidation parameters increased while antioxidant parameters decreased. Both histopathological and biochemical parameters improved significantly with ozone treatment.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects , Methylprednisolone Acetate/adverse effects , Ozone/therapeutic use , Retinal Diseases/chemically induced , Retinal Diseases/drug therapy , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Biomarkers , Catalase/metabolism , Interleukin-6/metabolism , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Rabbits , Retina/drug effects , Retina/injuries , Retina/metabolism , Retina/pathology , Retinal Diseases/metabolism , Retinal Diseases/pathology , Serum Albumin, Human , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
9.
Biotech Histochem ; 95(4): 297-304, 2020 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31850807

ABSTRACT

We investigated the protective effect of hesperetin on hepatic damage after blunt chest trauma in rats using histological and biochemical methods. We used 18 adult male rats in three groups of six: control, chest trauma and chest trauma + hesperetin. Chest trauma was caused by dropping a metal cylinder onto the right hemithorax. Hesperetin, 100 mg/kg, was administered orally for 7 days. At the end of the seventh day, liver tissue samples were obtained. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1ß), alanine aminotransferase (AST), aspartate transferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activities were measured in blood samples taken from the heart. The general structure of liver tissue was investigated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Nuclear factor kappa beta (Nf-κß) expression in liver tissue was determined by the indirect immunohistochemical method. Apoptosis was determined using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. Decreased TNF-α, AST and ALT enzyme activity, fewer histopathological changes and lower Nf-kB expression were observed in the hesperetin treated group compared to the chest trauma group. We also found reduced hepatic apoptosis in the chest trauma + hesperetin group compared to the chest trauma group. Hesperetine inhibits liver damage by reducing proinflammatory cytokines and by suppressing Nf-κß activity in a blunt chest trauma model in rats.


Subject(s)
Hesperidin/therapeutic use , Inflammation/drug therapy , Liver Diseases/drug therapy , Liver/injuries , Wounds and Injuries/pathology , Animals , Apoptosis , Liver/pathology , Liver Diseases/etiology , Liver Diseases/pathology , Rats
10.
North Clin Istanb ; 6(3): 203-209, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31650105

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Aloe vera is known for its antioxidant properties. In this experimental study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of Aloe vera in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) liver injury in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups, where the sham group (n=7) underwent no medication or surgical procedures, the I/R group (n=7) was the control group that received 45 minutes of applied abdominal aorta ischemia and rats were sacrificed 24 hours after reperfusion, and the I/R+AV group (n=7) was the treatment group that was given Aloe vera (30 mg/kg) every day followed by gastric lavage for a month before applying ischemia and performing sacrifice as in the previous group. Before sacrifice, all the liver tissues were removed. Tissues were examined for histopathological investigation, iNOS immunoreactivity and tissue biochemistry, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. RESULTS: The SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px levels of the I/R+AV group were not significantly different from the sham group (p>0.05) but were significantly higher when compared to the I/R group. MDA levels of liver tissues were significantly lower (p<0.05) in the I/R+AV group as compared to the I/R group. Disrupted hepatic cords, sinusoidal dilatation, hemorrhage, cytoplasmic vacuolization of hepatocytes, and intensive iNOS immunoreactivity were detected in the I/R group. Decreased histopathological change score and iNOS immunoreactivity score were noticed in the I/R+AV group as compared to the I/R group. CONCLUSION: It was found that Aloe vera showed a hepatoprotective effect against I/R injury. Further research is required to determine the effective dose, administration method, and effects of Aloe vera for liver transplantation.

11.
Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg ; 25(5): 433-439, 2019 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31475327

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary contusion (PC) is an important life-threatening clinical condition characterized by lung injury and inflammation. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a biological agent with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of CAPE on tissue damage, nuclear factor kappa-beta (Nf-κß) activity, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) synthesis, and pulmonary apoptosis in an experimental PC model. METHODS: Forty adult Wistar albino rats were used in this study and divided into four groups as follows: control, PC, PC + CAPE, and CAPE. CAPE was administered intraperitoneally for seven days following PC formation (10 µmol/kg, dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide). Wet/dry weight ratio in lung tissue was determined. The pulmonary tissue was examined using hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome histochemical staining and also by scanning electron microscopy. Nf-κß and iNOS activities in the lungs were determined by the indirect immunohistochemical method. Pulmonary apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL method. RESULTS: Increased leukocyte infiltration score, pulmonary edema, alveolar damage, and increased Nf-κß and iNOS activities were determined in the PC group. CAPE administration inhibited Nf-κß and iNOS activities and pulmonary apoptosis. CONCLUSION: In this study, the findings showed that CAPE inhibited tissue damage by suppressing inflammatory mediators of Nf-κß and iNOS activities. Also, CAPE was found to be protective in the lung tissue and could be used as a therapeutic agent.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis/drug effects , Caffeic Acids/pharmacology , Lung Injury/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Phenylethyl Alcohol/analogs & derivatives , Pneumonia/metabolism , Animals , Phenylethyl Alcohol/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Wistar
12.
Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg ; 28(2): 359-368, 2019 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32551168

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In this experimental study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hesperetin, a natural flavonoid, on a lipopolysaccharideinduced acute lung injury model in rats. METHODS: Between March 2019 and May 2019, a total of 18 adult male Wistar albino rats, weighing approximately 250 to 300 g, were randomly divided into three groups as control, lipopolysaccharide, and lipopolysaccharide + hesperetin groups (n=6 in each group). The wet/dry weight ratio of lung tissue was determined. Histopathological changes were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pulmonary nuclear factor-kappa beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and alpha-smooth muscle antigen activity were determined with indirect immunohistochemical methods. Pulmonary apoptosis was detected with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling method. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10 concentrations were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Treatment with hesperetin significantly improved the architecture of lung tissue and reduced the wet/dry weight ratio, nuclear factor-kappa beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and alphasmooth muscle antigen expression, pulmonary apoptosis, and levels of proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: Our study results suggest that hesperetin has a potent protective effect against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats via suppression of the proinflammatory cytokine cascade, nuclear factor-kappa beta, signaling pathway activation, and apoptosis.

13.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) ; 64(11): 58-65, 2018 Aug 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30213290

ABSTRACT

In our study, the effect of hesperetin on inflammatory and oxidative status in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis model was investigated through different methods. Eighteen Wistar albino male rats were divided in to three groups: Group I (Control, n = 8; 1 ml physiological saline), Group II (Colitis, n = 8; 1 ml TNBS), Group III (Hesperetin, n = 8; 1 ml TNBS and 100 mg/kg hesperetin). Macroscopic and microscopic scores were calculated to determine the damage to the colon at the end of the experiment. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and tissue interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined using the ELISA method. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were investigated spectrophotometrically. The TUNEL method was used for the detection of apoptotic cells in the colon tissue. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-ĸß) expression in the colon were determined immunohistochemically. Hesperetin administration has shown to significantly reduce levels of MPO, MDA, and proinflammatory agents (TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-ĸß). It has also been proven to inhibit mucosal apoptosis. This study indicates that hesperetin is protective against TNBS-induced colitis model via antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects.


Subject(s)
Colitis/chemically induced , Colitis/prevention & control , Hesperidin/therapeutic use , Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid/toxicity , Animals , Antioxidants/metabolism , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Interleukin-6/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Peroxidase/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
14.
Iran J Basic Med Sci ; 20(8): 870-879, 2017 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29085578

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at investigating immune activations of the 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model in colonic mucosa by immunohistochemical and Western blot methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this purpose, 16 female Wistar albino rats were divided into two random groups of control (n=8) and colitis (n=8). The experimental colitis model was induced by intracolonic administration of TNBS (25 mg/rat). Control animals received only rectal saline for the same time. The animals were sacrificed on the 15th day after TNBS administration, and colon tissue was removed and examined morphologically. Colon samples were stained immunohistochemically with anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD5, anti-CD8, anti-CD11b, anti-CD45, anti-TNF-α, anti-IL-17, anti-IL-22 and anti-IL-23 antibodies. Additionally, the colonic tissue IL-17 and IL-22 expressions were examined by the Western blot method. RESULTS: In the experimental results, it was determined that there was a significant decrease in body weight and an increase in colon weight in the colitis group when comparing initial experiments. The colon tissue ulcerations, inflammation, crypt loss and Goblet cell loss were observed in the colitis group in microscopic examinations. The immunohistochemical positive cell numbers significantly increased in the colitis group. The immunoreactive lymphocytes in the propria, intracryptal and submucosal layers were found to be increased in the colitis group of rats. In addition, IL-17 and IL-23 expressions were increased in colitis colon mucosa found by Western blot analysis. CONCLUSION: The Th17/IL-23 pathway and IL-22 serve important roles in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, and will be further examined by study.

15.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) ; 63(12): 34-39, 2017 Dec 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29307339

ABSTRACT

The aloe vera plant has become increasingly popular in recent years. This study aimed to research the effect of aloe vera to prevent renal and lung tissue damage in an experimental ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury model. The study included 21 male Wistar Albino rats, which were categorized into control group, n = 7 (no procedures), Sham group n = 7 (I/R); and aloe vera therapy group, n = 7 (aloe vera and I/R). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated from lung and kidney tissues for biochemical investigations. As histopathological, hematoxylin and eosin and anti-iNOS were also examined. In biochemical investigations, SOD, CAT, and GPx levels of the Sham group were found to be lower compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). The aloe vera therapy group was not statistically different from control groups but significantly different compared with the Sham group. In the same way, the MDA levels of kidney and lung tissues were statistically significant in the aloe vera therapy group, compared to the Sham group. In the Sham group, the peribronchial and perialveolar edema were observed in lung parenchyma. Also, excess interstitial hemorrhage, leukocyte infiltration, and alveolar wall thickening were identified in ischemic groups. The histopathological changes were much lighter than in the aloe vera therapy group. In renal tissues, excess epithelial cell deterioration, tubular desqumination, and glomerular atrophy were observed in the Sham group. The histopathological changes were markedly reduced in the aloe vera therapy  group. In the kidney and lung tissue, the level of iNOS activity in the Sham group was significantly higher than in the control and aloe vera therapy group. This study indicated that aloe vera is protective against oxidative damage formed by I/R in distant organs like the lungs and kidneys.


Subject(s)
Kidney/pathology , Lung/pathology , Plant Preparations/therapeutic use , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Animals , Catalase/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Kidney/metabolism , Lung/metabolism , Male , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Plant Preparations/administration & dosage , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/enzymology , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Stomach , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
16.
Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol ; 40(4): 504-16, 2016 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26823039

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory condition of the colon in the gastrointestinal system. Currently, the most potent medications used for ulcerative colitis produce no response in 20-30% of cases. There is a need for more efficient and reliable medications. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown efficacy in some inflammatory diseases. Although dasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses proinflammatory cytokines in colonic tissue, there are a few cases of hemorrhagic colitis with dasatinib. There is no study investigating the effect of dasatinib on experimental colitis. We aimed to investigate the effect of dasatinib in a colitis model induced with acetic acid in our study. METHODS: In the study, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly distributed into 4 groups of 6 rats each as control, dasatinib, colitis and dasatinib+colitis groups. For colitis induction, 4% acetic acid was used. Sacrificing of the rats was performed on the seventh day. Disease activity, morphologic and histological injury, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde activity, TNFα and CD3 expression were assessed in colonic tissue. RESULTS: Apart from malondialdehyde, significant difference in all parameters between the control and colitis groups was determined. Difference between the colitis and colitis+dasatinib groups was not significant in only weight loss and biochemical parameters. Though dasatinib does not fully resolve the changes in colitis, there was significant regression. CONCLUSIONS: Dasatinib decreased the inflammation in a rodent model of colitis. It may be provide this effect by the suppression of TNFα. Dasatinib may be one of the treatment options for ulcerative colitis.


Subject(s)
Colitis/drug therapy , Dasatinib/pharmacology , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Animals , Colitis/pathology , Colon/metabolism , Colon/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Peroxidase/metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Weight Loss
17.
Arq Bras Oftalmol ; 78(2): 100-4, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25945531

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on apoptotic cell death induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the rat retina. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into four equal groups: control, ischemic, solvent, and quercetin. I/R injury was achieved by elevating the intraocular pressure above the perfusion pressure. Intraperitoneal injections of 20 mg/kg of quercetin and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were performed in the quercetin and solvent groups, respectively, immediately prior to I/R injury, and the researchers allowed for the retinas to be reperfused. Forty-eight hours after injury, the thicknesses of the retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) were measured in all groups. Moreover, the numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end-labeled [TUNEL (+)] cells and caspase-3 (+) cells in both INL and ONL were evaluated in all groups. RESULTS: The administration of quercetin was found to reduce the thinning of all retinal layers. The mean thickness of INL in the quercetin and ischemic groups was 21 ± 5.6 µm and 16 ± 6.4 µm, respectively (P<0.05). Similarly, the mean thickness of ONL in the quercetin and ischemic groups was 50 ± 12.8 µm and 40 ± 8.7 µm, respectively (P<0.05). The antiapoptotic effect of quercetin in terms of reducing the numbers of both TUNEL (+) cells and caspase-3 (+) cells was significant in INL. The mean number of TUNEL (+) cells in INL in the ischemic and quercetin groups was 476.8 ± 45.6/mm2 and 238.72 ± 251/mm2, respectively (P<0.005). The mean number of caspase-3 (+) cells in INL of ischemic and quercetin groups was 633.6 ± 38.7/mm2 and 342.4 ± 36.1/mm2, respectively (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The use of quercetin may be beneficial in the treatment of retinal I/R injury because of its antiapoptotic effect on the retinal layers, particularly in INL.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Apoptosis/drug effects , Quercetin/therapeutic use , Reperfusion Injury/complications , Retina/drug effects , Retinal Diseases/prevention & control , Animals , Caspase 3/drug effects , Cell Count , Dimethyl Sulfoxide/therapeutic use , Disease Models, Animal , Immunohistochemistry , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Intraocular Pressure , Male , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Retina/pathology , Retinal Diseases/pathology , Solvents/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
18.
Iran J Basic Med Sci ; 18(4): 370-9, 2015 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26019800

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In the present study, we evaluated immunological and immunomodulatory properties of royal jelly (RJ) in 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen adult female Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups of six animals each: a control group that received only saline solution, a TNBS-induced colitis group, and a TNBS-colitis+RJ group that received 250 mg/kg/day of RJ for seven days before the induction of colitis, following by the same treatment for an additional seven days. At the end of the experiment, cardiac blood and colon samples were obtained under deep anaesthesia from the animals in all groups. Serum interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10 levels were analyzed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Five-micrometre-thick sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) for microscopic evaluations. For immunohistochemical evaluations, the paraffin sections were stained with anti-CD3 (cluster of differentiation), anti-CD5, anti-CD8 and anti-CD45. RESULTS: The results showed that the oral RJ treatment inhibited proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1ß and TNF-α secretion, while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 production in the TNBS-induced colitis+RJ group compared with the colitis group not treated with RJ. The colitis was not as severe in the colitis+RJ group, with ulcerative damage, weight loss and inflammatory scores suggesting that impaired CD3-, CD5-, CD8- and CD45-positive T cell immune responses likely mediated the anti-inflammatory effect. CONCLUSION: The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of RJ protected colon mucosa against TNBS-induced colitis in rats orally treated with RJ.

19.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 78(2): 100-104, Mar-Apr/2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-744286

ABSTRACT

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on apoptotic cell death induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the rat retina. Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into four equal groups: control, ischemic, solvent, and quercetin. I/R injury was achieved by elevating the intraocular pressure above the perfusion pressure. Intraperitoneal injections of 20 mg/kg of quercetin and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were performed in the quercetin and solvent groups, respectively, immediately prior to I/R injury, and the researchers allowed for the retinas to be reperfused. Forty-eight hours after injury, the thicknesses of the retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) were measured in all groups. Moreover, the numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end-labeled [TUNEL (+)] cells and caspase-3 (+) cells in both INL and ONL were evaluated in all groups. Results: The administration of quercetin was found to reduce the thinning of all retinal layers. The mean thickness of INL in the quercetin and ischemic groups was 21 ± 5.6 µm and 16 ± 6.4 µm, respectively (P<0.05). Similarly, the mean thickness of ONL in the quercetin and ischemic groups was 50 ± 12.8 µm and 40 ± 8.7 µm, respectively (P<0.05). The antiapoptotic effect of quercetin in terms of reducing the numbers of both TUNEL (+) cells and caspase-3 (+) cells was significant in INL. The mean number of TUNEL (+) cells in INL in the ischemic and quercetin groups was 476.8 ± 45.6/mm2 and 238.72 ± 251/mm2, respectively (P<0.005). The mean number of caspase-3 (+) cells in INL of ischemic and quercetin groups was 633.6 ± 38.7/mm2 and 342.4 ± 36.1/mm2, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: The use of quercetin may be beneficial in the treatment of retinal I/R injury because of its antiapoptotic effect on the retinal layers, particularly in INL. .


Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é investigar o efeito da quercetina, contra a morte celular por apoptose induzida por lesão consequente à isquemia-reperfusão (I/R) na retina de ratos. Método: Vinte e quatro ratos foram divididos em quatro grupos iguais: controle, isquêmico, solvente e quercetina. O modelo lesão por I/R foi realizado por meio da elevação da pressão intraocular acima da pressão de perfusão, em todos os grupos. Injecções intraperitoneais de 20 mg/kg de quercetina ou sulfóxido de dimetilo (DMSO) foram realizadas nos grupos quercetina e solvente, respectivamente, imediatamente antes da lesão por I/R, permitindo que as retinas fossem reperfundidas. Quarenta e oito horas após a lesão, as espessuras de camada de células ganglionares da retina (RGCL), camada nuclear interna (INL), camada plexiforme interna (IPL), camada plexiforme externa (OPL), e a camada nuclear externa (ONL) foram medidas em todos os grupos. Além disso, o número de células TUNEL (+) e caspase-3 (+) tanto na camada nuclear interna quanto na camada nuclear externa foi avaliada em todos os grupos. Resultados: A administração de quercetina diminuiu o afinamento de todas as camadas da retina em comparação com o grupo isquêmico. A espessura média da camada nuclear interna nos grupos quercetina e isquêmico foi de 21 ± 5,6 µm e 16 ± 6,4 µm, respectivamente (p<0,05). A espessura média da camada nuclear externa no grupo quercetina e isquêmico foi 50 ± 12,8 µm e 40 ± 8,7 µm, respectivamente (p<0,05). O efeito anti-apoptótico de quercetina em termos de redução do número de células TUNEL (+) e caspase-3 (+) foi significativa na INL. O número médio de células TUNEL (+) da camada nuclear interna no grupo isquêmico e quercetina foi 476,8 ± 45,6/mm2 e 238,72 ± 251/mm2, respectivamente (p<0,005). O médio número de células de caspase-3 (+) na INL do grupo isquêmico e quercetina foi 633,6 ± 38,7/mm2 e 342,4 ± 36,1/mm2, respectivamente (p<0,001). Conclusão: A utilização ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Infection Control/methods , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus , Patient Discharge , Population Surveillance/methods , Quality Indicators, Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Cluster Analysis , Cohort Studies , California/epidemiology , Cross Infection/diagnosis , Cross Infection/prevention & control , Hospitals/standards , Hospitals/statistics & numerical data , Incidence , Length of Stay , Linear Models , Multivariate Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Risk , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Time Factors
20.
Turk J Med Sci ; 45(1): 27-32, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25790526

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/AIM: TO examine the effects of royal jelly (RJ) on testicular damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen adult Wistar albino rats were used, 6 in each of the 3 treatment groups: Group A: control, Group B: STZ-induced diabetes (untreated), Group C: STZ-induced diabetes plus RJ (400 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). Four weeks after the onset of diabetes, testicular apoptotic cell death was examined using immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3 and Ki67 staining for localization of proliferative cells. RESULTS: Compared with the control, the body and testicular weights of the RJ-treated and untreated diabetic rats were decreased (P < 0.05). The histopathological examination showed a significant increase in degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules and in spermatogenesis of the STZ-treated rats. In contrast, the RJ treatment group showed near-normal morphology, in addition to an increased intensity of immunohistochemical staining for Ki67-positive cells. CONCLUSION: Diabetes induced a significant increase in testicular apoptotic cell death (caspase-3-positive cells). Caspase-3-positive cells were significantly decreased in the STZ plus RJ-treated group compared with the untreated STZ-induced diabetic group (P < 0.05).


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Fatty Acids/pharmacology , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Testis/drug effects , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Male , Rats , Seminiferous Tubules/cytology , Seminiferous Tubules/pathology , Streptozocin , Testis/pathology , Testosterone/blood
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