ABSTRACT
Content of gastrointestinal hormones (gastrin, insulin, glucagon, C-peptide), beta2-microglobulin, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were studied in 65 patients with nephrolithiasis (NL) and in 73 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). It was found that NL with GFR under 80 ml/min runs with elevated insulin, glucagon and C-peptide while CRF with CRF under 30 ml/min is characterized by aggravated disorders of hormonal homeostasis (gastrin, insulin, glucagons, C-peptide elevation). As gastrointestinal hormones in patients with CRF are high, it is recommended to combine medication with diet containing low amount of carbohydrates easy for digestion which is important in the treatment of CRF.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Hormones/blood , Kidney Failure, Chronic/diagnosis , Adult , Female , Humans , Kidney Calculi/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/diet therapy , Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , PrognosisABSTRACT
The levels of pituitary and gonadal hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay during a long-term (12-month) therapy with prazosin and its combination in 23 patients aged 30-59 years who suffered from Stage II hypertensive disease. Prazosin monotherapy resulted in a significant decrease in prolactin levels, followed by inhibited elaboration of luteinizing, follicle-stimulating, and testicular hormones in the first 6 months of therapy without changing estradiol levels. The hypoprolactinemic effect of prazosin was significantly enhanced with an increase in therapy duration and more profound in patients who had high baseline prolactin levels and in younger patients. Prazosin in combination with nadolol was found to level off the hyperprolactinemic effect of the latter without potentiating the reduction in the levels of follicle-stimulating, luteinizing, and testicular hormones which was observed during therapy with each drug alone.
Subject(s)
Estradiol/blood , Hyperprolactinemia/prevention & control , Hypertension/drug therapy , Nadolol/administration & dosage , Pituitary Hormones, Anterior/blood , Prazosin/administration & dosage , Testosterone/blood , Adult , Drug Therapy, Combination , Humans , Hypertension/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Pituitary Hormones, Anterior/antagonists & inhibitors , Testosterone/antagonists & inhibitors , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Testicular intrasecretory function and gonad-hypophyseal regulation were studied in 28 patients with the left-sided varicocele whose age varied from 11 to 36 years. Radioimmunoassay was used for the assessment of testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating (FS) and luteinizing (L) hormones and prolactin levels in the blood samples from femoral and internal testicular veins taken during endovascularization of varicocele. With regard to the age and manifestations of the secondary sexual signs the patients were divided into three groups. The first group (11-12-year-old) enrolled the patients with normal age-related levels of FS and L hormones in the presence of hyperprolactinemia. The positive testiculoperipheral gradient was revealed in 3 cases for estradiol and in 2 patients for testosterone and progesterone. The peripheral blood testosterone was normal in all the patients whereas estradiol and progesterone were decreased in 2 and 4 cases, respectively. All the patients of the second group (13-15-year-old) demonstrated an increase in testicular blood testosterone and estradiol as compared to their levels in the peripheral blood (1.46-1.8-fold and 1.3-7.1-fold, respectively). In 6 patients, this ratio was 1.65-2.33-fold higher. The levels of FS and L hormones were normal. In all cases hyperprolactinemia was observed. The third group (16-36-year-old) patients demonstrated a 1.4-3.1-fold gradient of testosterone in the testicular blood versus its levels in the peripheral blood. The authors defined 1.1-239-fold (mean, 8.95) estradiol gradients and 0-979-fold (mean, 2.5) progesterone gradients. In all cases but one, the levels of FS and L hormones were equal to the control.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Subject(s)
Pituitary Gland/physiopathology , Testis/metabolism , Varicocele/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Gonadal Steroid Hormones/blood , Humans , Male , Pituitary Hormones/blood , Sexual Maturation/physiology , Testis/pathology , Varicocele/bloodABSTRACT
The effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), the rate of glomerular filtration and filtration fraction were investigated in 48 patients with nephrogenic hypertension (NH) using the method of dynamic renoscintigraphy with a double label (131I-hippuran and 99mTc-DTPA). The proposed method of noninvasive combined assessment of renal function was shown to be simple to perform and permitted the determination of a degree of involvement of the glomerular and tubular apparatus of the kidneys in NH. The comparison of renoscintigraphic and histomorphological results made it possible to determine renoscintigraphic criteria of glomerulo- and nephrosclerosis.
Subject(s)
Hypertension, Renal/diagnostic imaging , Kidney Glomerulus/diagnostic imaging , Radioisotope Renography , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Hypertension, Renal/physiopathology , Iodohippuric Acid , Kidney Glomerulus/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Organometallic Compounds , Pentetic Acid , Technetium , Technetium Tc 99m PentetateABSTRACT
Based on their experience with the operative treatment of 39 patients with nephrolithiasis the authors recommend injecting isoptine before operation which blocks the transport of calcium ions into the cells. It improves hemodynamics and functions of the kidneys in the postoperative period.
Subject(s)
Kidney Calculi/surgery , Kidney Tubules/physiopathology , Kidney/blood supply , Renal Circulation/drug effects , Verapamil/pharmacology , Adult , Humans , Kidney/physiopathology , Kidney Calculi/physiopathology , Kidney Tubules/drug effects , Male , Middle Aged , Preoperative CareABSTRACT
The paper is concerned with a comparative study of 2 methods of calculation of the separate effective renal plasma flow (ERPF)--by hippuran clearance and hippuran absorption by the kidneys on the 2nd minute of renoscintigraphic investigation. The latter one was characterized by some advantages: the use of routine scintigraphy, the absence of blood and urine tests, rapid performance, the accuracy of the results obtained was no inferior to that of ERPF calculation by clearance. The method was included in an application package for scintigraphy data processing. A study of the ERPF was conducted in 140 patients with nephroureterolithiasis in the time course of surgical treatment. The results have shown that the ERPF can be used not only for the control of therapeutic efficacy but also for the prognosis of postoperative restoration of affected kidney function. The determination of the total ERPF and a degree of asymmetry of its distribution is of great prognostic importance.
Subject(s)
Iodohippuric Acid , Radioisotope Renography/methods , Renal Circulation , Humans , Kidney Calculi/diagnostic imaging , Postoperative Period , Radioisotope Renography/instrumentation , Ureteral Calculi/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
The task of the study was to investigate the effect of systematic hemodialysis on lipid and hormonal metabolic indices in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). In 83.3%, patients with CRI at the terminal stage demonstrated lipid disorders noted against a background of noticeable hormonal imbalance and characterized by high levels of insulin, parathormone, cortisol, somatotropin in the blood serum and a low level of triiodothyronine in the blood. Systematic hemodialysis did not result in significant changes in lipid metabolism. Lipid metabolic disorders in patients with CRI at the terminal stage were detected in 91.7% of cases. Changes in the level of hormones under study were characterized by a decrease in thyroxine concentration thus weakening thyroid function in CRI patients.
Subject(s)
Hormones/blood , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Lipids/blood , Renal Dialysis , Adult , Female , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/blood , Male , Middle Aged , RadioimmunoassayABSTRACT
Examination of 37 patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) has shown that an increment of CRI gravity is accompanied by an increased degree of disturbance of the phosphoric-calcium metabolism and parathyroid hormone and calcitonin (CT) levels. The authors regard a high calcitonin level in the presence of secondary hyperthyroidism as a result of CT retarded catabolism and an increase in the level of immunoreactive but biologically inactive CT. Multimodality conservative therapy to restore phosphoric-calcium balance in CRI should be aimed at the suppression of parathyroid gland function.
