The relationship between self-compassion and caring behaviour in nurses: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: To examine the relationship between self-compassion and caring behaviour in nurses. BACKGROUND: Self-compassion can influence nurses' ability to cope with stress and their job performance. High levels of self-compassion may play a role in nurses' coping with compassion fatigue and burnout. This may make the concept of self-compassion in nurses an important variable for effective care. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. Study data were collected between March and May 2022 from 331 nurses at a hospital in the city of Antalya, Turkey. A personal information form, the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), and the Caring Behaviour Inventory-24 (CBI-24) were used to collect data, and the program SPSS 23.0 was used in data evaluation. Descriptive statistical methods, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of data. The STROBE checklist was followed for this cross-sectional study. RESULTS: The nurses' mean scores were 3.50 ± 0.61 on SCS and 5.21 ± 0.56 on CBI-24. A positive correlation was found between the nurses' self-compassion levels and caring behaviour. Also, the SCS sub-dimension of mindfulness, working in intensive care and working willingly in the nursing profession significantly predicted caring behaviour. These variables explain 19.4% of the variance of caring behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: The nurses' self-compassion levels were medium and their caring behaviour was at a high level, and caring behaviour was higher in those who worked in intensive care, those who were working willingly in the nursing profession, and in those with high scores on the self-compassion sub-dimension of mindfulness. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: It is important to strengthen nurses' self-compassion skills to develop their caring behaviour. In particular, giving nurses in clinics mindfulness-based education will help them to increase their awareness concerning their own lives and to develop their caring behaviour.

"His heart is hardening, but his BRAIN is softening": Life experiences of adolescents using psychoactive substances: A qualitative study.

PURPOSE: The aim of the research was to portray the life experiences of adolescents using psychoactive substances with regard to their substance use. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was carried out in a descriptive phenomenological design, which is a qualitative research method. A purposeful sampling method, was used. The sample consisted of 15 adolescents who were treated for a history of substance use. The data were collected by the face-to-face individual interview method. A personal information form and a semi-structured interview form were used to collect data. The content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman was used in the analysis of the data. Data were analyzed using the N-VIVO-10 Pro-package program. RESULTS: Four main themes and thirteen sub-themes were determined: experiences before substance use (sub-themes: life before substance use, predisposing factors for substance use), experiences during substance use (sub-themes: symptoms of addiction, problems caused by substance use, family attitude to substance use, the meaning attached to substances) and experiences of the treatment process (sub-themes: motivation, difficulties experienced during treatment, the need for support, treatment results), prevention recommendations (sub-themes: for peers, for families, for society). CONCLUSIONS: Many individual, family and social risk factors had an effect on the adolescents starting to use the substances. They were exposed to negative physical, mental, economic, social and life experiences. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nurses working with adolescents who use substances can implement nursing interventions such as prevention activities, counselling, health education, coping and strengthening self-esteem in individual and school based interventions.

The association of mental health literacy with mental well-being and help-seeking in young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PROBLEM: It is important to determine the relationship between mental health literacy (MHL), mental well-being and help seeking in young people in terms of guiding research and practices related to MHL. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: A literature scan of the databases of Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCOhost CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library, Springer Link, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, Ovid, Taylor & Francis and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global was conducted in May 2022 and April 2023 without any year limitations. SAMPLE: A total of 12 studies with 4659 young people were included. Data synthesis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to calculate the effect size. RESULTS: It was concluded that there was no correlation between MHL and mental well-being in young people (p > 0.05, r = 0.06, 95% CI = -0.05 to 0.16). A positive correlation was found between MHL with help seeking attitude (p < 0.01, r = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.30 to 0.63) and help-seeking intention (p < 0.01, r = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.34). CONCLUSION: While there was a medium effect size between MHL and help seeking attitude in young people, there was a weak effect size between MHL and help seeking intention. No studies were found examining the relationship between MHL and help-seeking behavior in young people. IMPLICATIONS: Nurses may provide support for young people in help seeking by giving education and counselling on MHL in schools and health institutions, and by creating reliable and easily accessible sources of information.

Problematic internet use in adolescents: A phenomenological study.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Problematic internet use (PIU) negatively affects adolescents' lives biopsychosocially. There is limited qualitative research examining the problem of PIU in adolescents. These studies focused more on the non-clinical population. Adolescents' perceptions of the internet, their thoughts, feelings and behaviours in situations where they can and cannot access the internet have rarely been examined. WHAT DOES THE PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This research provides an in-depth look at the experiences of adolescents with PIU in a clinical population. Unlike previous studies, adolescents mentioned that they turned to the internet for reasons such as lack of activity, their need to spend time with their friends and better getting along with people they met on the internet. They also described a world without internet as apocalypse, desert and grave. In this study, a holistic emphasis was placed on the thoughts, feelings and behaviours of adolescents in situations where they could and could not access the internet. This may contribute especially to mental health nurses working in clinics in terms of understanding the thought-emotion and behaviour patterns of adolescents with PIU. Adolescents also stated that their lives were affected positively and negatively as a result of PIU. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Mental health nurses can use activity therapy, behaviour modification: social skills, coping enhancement, parent education: adolescent, self-awareness enhancement, cognitive restructuring, emotion and behaviour management interventions to reduce the risk of PIU and the problems it causes for adolescents. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Mental health nurses can use activity therapy, behaviour modification: social skills, coping enhancement, parent education: adolescent, self-awareness enhancement, cognitive restructuring, emotion and behaviour management interventions to reduce the risk of PIU and the problems it causes for adolescents. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Studies on problematic internet use (PIU) are mostly on the non-clinical population. Understanding the experiences of adolescents with PIU is critical in shaping nursing interventions and improving the quality of care. AIMS: A comprehensive description of the experiences of adolescents with PIU. METHODS: In the study, descriptive phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Data were collected using a personal information form and a semi-structured interview form and analysed using Giorgi's phenomenological method (n = 11). RESULTS: As a result of the content analysis, five main themes were identified: reasons of PIU, internet-related perceptions, experiences in accessing the internet, experiences in not being able to access the internet and consequences of internet use. DISCUSSION: Different from previous studies, adolescents stated that they use the internet because of their lack of activity and their need to spend time with their friends. They stated that when they could not access the internet, they thought they could never live without the internet and started quarrel.

Suicide literacy in nurses: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study is a cross-sectional study aiming to determine the suicide literacy level of nurses and to examine the relationship between nurses' suicide literacy and certain variables. BACKGROUND: Suicide literacy in nurses is a factor which affects knowledge levels. The level of suicide literacy in nurses may affect the care given to patients and the behaviour of obtaining help in relation to themselves. METHODS: The study was conducted with 348 nurses between January and March 2020 at a hospital in the city of Antalya in Turkey. A personal information form and the Literacy of Suicide Scale (LOSS) were used to collect data. Descriptive statistical methods were used in data analysis. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the predictors of suicide literacy. The STROBE checklist was followed for this cross-sectional study. RESULTS: The nurses' mean score on LOSS was 11.08 ± 3.92. Significant predictors of suicide literacy in nurses were being single, working in the emergency department, having previous experience in the psychiatry clinic, not having a mental illness, having suicide attempts in the family, having previously obtained information on intervention on individuals at risk of suicide and stating that their sources of information on this topic were nursing education and the Internet. These variables explained 19.8% of the variance in suicide literacy. CONCLUSIONS: The nurses' suicide literacy was at a low level. It is recommended that education programs on the care of patients at risk of suicide be set up for all nurses working in general clinics. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: It is important to raise the levels of suicide literacy in nurses in order to provide better quality care to patients who are at risk of suicide. Also, raising levels of suicide literacy may strengthen nurses' behaviours in seeking help for themselves.

The associations of cognitive distortions with internet addiction and internet activities in adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: This study examined difference in the levels of internet addiction across internet activities, and the associations of cognitive distortions with internet addiction and internet activities. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving 638 adolescents. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Internet Addiction Scale and The Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSSv23 and descriptive methods, independent samples t-test, linear regression, logistic regression were performed. FINDINGS: The prevalence of internet addiction in adolescents was found to be 16.9%. The internet addiction scores of adolescents who use the internet for online gaming, visiting pornographic sites, using and chatting on social media, and aimless browsing are higher. Catastrophizing, personalization, and selective abstraction cognitive distortions explain internet addiction variance at a level of 17.5%. Selective abstraction predicts online gaming and aimless browsing, personalization predicts pornographic site visiting, and catastrophization predicts doing homework on the internet. CONCLUSION: Online gaming, visiting pornographic sites, using and chatting on social media and internet aimless browsing are distinctive of internet addiction. Internet addiction and various internet activities are associated with cognitive distortions. Mental health nurses should help adolescents to become aware of their cognitive distortions and to produce more functional thoughts.

Association of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder and Eating Behaviors Among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is the most severe form for premenstrual distress. This study's objective was to understand the association among PMDD, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and eating behaviors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional design. The survey was composed of validated measures. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Female students at a nursing school. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: PMDD and PMS diagnoses were made using the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). Eating behaviors were assessed using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 18 (TFEQ-R18). RESULTS: Of the 504 participants, according to the PSST, 80 (15.9%) met the criteria for PMDD, 222 (44%) had moderate-to-severe PMS, and the remaining 202 (40%) participants showed mild or no premenstrual symptoms. The total EAT-26 scores were significantly higher in the PMDD group than in the other groups (P < .001). According to the cut-off value (20 points) of EAT-26, the total prevalence of disordered eating behaviors was also significantly higher in the PMDD group (45.5%) compared with the moderate-to-severe PMS group (16.5%) and the no/mild PMS group (13.6%) (P < .001). According to the TFEQ-R18 scores, significantly higher scores for emotional eating and uncontrolled eating were found in the PMDD group than in the other groups (P < .001 for each). CONCLUSIONS: Given that PMDD is defined as a more severe form of PMS with more strict criteria, the findings in this study reflect that as the severity of premenstrual symptoms increase, disordered eating behaviors also increase. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare eating behaviors among PMDD, moderate-to-severe PMS, and no/mild PMS groups.

Internet Addiction in Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Nursing Studies.

Nursing studies related to internet addiction in adolescents were assessed in the current systematic review. Six databases were searched, and 35 studies were included. Internet addiction was found to have negative effects on adolescents' mental, psychosocial, and physical health, with 43.4%, 43.4%, and 8.8% of studies, respectively, examining these variables. Nursing practices to support adolescents' mental, psychosocial, and physical health should be planned and implemented and outcomes researched. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 58(3), 47-55.].

Effect of a Solution-Focused Approach on Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem in Turkish Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

The aim of the current research was to evaluate the effect of a solution-focused approach on levels of self-efficacy and self-esteem in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A mixed design was used, where the quantitative aspect was a randomized controlled study and the qualitative aspect was a case study design. Adolescents with ADHD (N = 41) were randomized into intervention or control groups. Control groups received existing treatment in outpatient clinics, whereas interviews based on a solution-focused approach were conducted with the intervention groups. After the interventions, differences were noted between groups with time, self-efficacy, and self-esteem, with increases in self-efficacy and self-esteem. Significant differences were found between postintervention and follow-up scores. Six themes were determined in the qualitative findings. Nurses in the adolescent mental health field can use the principles and techniques of the solution-focused approach when providing care. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57(11), 45-55.].