Vascular Tumors of the Neck in Adults: 10-Year Experience in a Tertiary Center.

INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis and management of vascular lesions of the neck is a challenging task that requires a multidisciplinary approach. This retrospective study assesses the single center experience of vascular tumors of the neck. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with a vascular tumor and/or a mass in close proximity to the carotid artery were identified from our records over a 10-year period. The demographic characteristics, clinical features, surgical approach, and outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS: Surgical excision of 17 vascular lesions were performed in 16 patients with a mean age of 51.56 ± 17.35 years at the time of operation. Intra- and/or postoperative clinical and histological assessment revealed unilateral glomus caroticum (N = 11), glomus vagale (N = 2), bilateral glomus caroticum (N = 1), cavernous hemangioma (N = 1), and carotid sheath tumor (N = 1). In three patients, internal carotid artery, common carotid artery and vagal nerve were sacrificed to facilitate complete tumor excision. During the follow-up period, no tumor recurrences were observed, and the morbidity and mortality were minimal. CONCLUSION: Preoperative evaluation concerning the size, extent, and anatomical relationships of the tumor thoroughly should be investigated. Multidisciplinary approach involving vascular surgery, otolaryngology, and radiology is preferred to treat these patients for better outcomes. Preoperative embolization in selected cases may decrease estimated blood loss and operative time.

The Effect of External Apple Vinegar Application on Varicosity Symptoms, Pain, and Social Appearance Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Aim. We aimed to determine the effect of external apple vinegar application on the symptoms and social appearance anxiety of varicosity patients who were suggested conservative treatment. Method. The study was planned as an experimental, randomized, and controlled study. 120 patients were randomly selected and then were randomly allocated to either experimental or control group by simple blind random sampling method. In the collection of research data, a questionnaire questioning sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, and the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) were used. The patients in the study group were suggested to apply apple vinegar to the area of the leg with varicosity alongside the treatment suggested by the doctor. The patients in the control group received no intervention during the study. Results. The sociodemographic and clinic characteristics of both groups were found to be similar (p > 0.05). The patients were evaluated with regard to cramps, pain, leg fatigue perception, edema, itching, pigmentation, and weight feelings in the leg, VAS, and SAAS averages in the second evaluation; the control group had a decrease in such symptoms (p > 0.05) although the decrease in the application group was higher and statistically meaningful (p < 0.05). Conclusion. We determined that the external application of apple vinegar on varicosity patients, which is a very easy application, increased the positive effects of conservative treatment.

[Assessment of the perioperative period in civilians injured in the Syrian Civil War]. / Avaliação do período perioperatório em civis feridos na Guerra Civil Síria.

BACKGROUND: Wars and its challenges have historically afflicted humanity. In Syria, severe injuries occurred due to firearms and explosives used in the war between government forces and civilians for a period of over 2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 364 cases, who were admitted to Mustafa Kemal University Hospital, Medicine School (Hatay, Turkey), and underwent surgery. Survivors and non-survivors were compared regarding injury site, injury type and number of transfusions given. The mortality rate found in this study was also compared to those reported in other civil wars. RESULTS: The mean age was 29 (3-68) years. Major sites of injury included extremities (56.0%), head (20.1%), abdomen (16.2%), vascular structures (4.4%) and thorax (3.3%). Injury types included firearm injury (64.4%), blast injury (34.4%) and miscellaneous injuries (1.2%). Survival rate was 89.6% while mortality rate was 10.4%. A significant difference was observed between mortality rates in this study and those reported for the Bosnia and Lebanon civil wars; and the difference became extremely prominent when compared to mortality rates reported for Vietnam and Afghanistan civil wars. CONCLUSION: Among injuries related to war, the highest rate of mortality was observed in head-neck, abdomen and vascular injuries. We believe that the higher mortality rate in the Syrian Civil War, compared to the Bosnia, Vietnam, Lebanon and Afghanistan wars, is due to seeing civilians as a direct target during war.

Assessment of the perioperative period in civilians injured in the Syrian Civil War / Avaliação do período perioperatório em civis feridos na Guerra Civil Síria

BACKGROUND: wars and its challenges have historically afflicted humanity. In Syria, severe injuries occurred due to firearms and explosives used in the war between government forces and civilians for a period of over 2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the study included 364 cases, who were admitted to Mustafa Kemal University Hospital, Medicine School (Hatay, Turkey), and underwent surgery. Survivors and non-survivors were compared regarding injury site, injury type and number of transfusions given. The mortality rate found in this study was also compared to those reported in other civil wars. RESULTS: the mean age was 29 (3-68) years. Major sites of injury included extremities (56.0%), head (20.1%), abdomen (16.2%), vascular structures (4.4%) and thorax (3.3%). Injury types included firearm injury (64.4%), blast injury (34.4%) and miscellaneous injuries (1.2%). Survival rate was 89.6% while mortality rate was 10.4%. A significant difference was observed between mortality rates in this study and those reported for the Bosnia and Lebanon civil wars; and the difference became extremely prominent when compared to mortality rates reported for Vietnam and Afghanistan civil wars. CONCLUSION: among injuries related to war, the highest rate of mortality was observed in head-neck, abdomen and vascular injuries. We believe that the higher mortality rate in the Syrian Civil War, compared to the Bosnia, Vietnam, Lebanon and Afghanistan wars, is due to seeing civilians as a direct target during war.

JUSTIFICATIVA: Historicamente, as guerras e seus desafios afligem a humanidade. Na Síria, lesões graves ocorreram devido às armas de fogo e explosivos usados na guerra entre as forças governamentais e civis durante um período de mais de dois anos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O estudo incluiu 364 pacientes, admitidos no Hospital da Universidade Mustafa Kemal da Faculdade de Medicina (Hatay, Turquia) e submetidos à cirurgia. Os sobreviventes e não sobreviventes foram comparados quanto ao local e tipo da lesão e número de transfusões administradas. A taxa de mortalidade encontrada neste estudo também foi comparada àquelas relatadas em outras guerras civis. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 29 (3-68) anos. Os principais locais de lesão incluíram extremidades (56,0%), cabeça (20,1%), abdome (16,2%), estruturas vasculares (4,4%) e tórax (3,3%). Os tipos de lesões incluíram ferimento de arma de fogo (64,4%), lesão causada por explosão (34,4%) e ferimentos diversos (1,2%). A taxa de sobrevivência foi de 89,6%, enquanto a taxa de mortalidade foi de 10,4%. Observou-se uma diferença significativa entre as taxas de mortalidade neste estudo e aquelas relatadas para as guerras civis da Bósnia e Líbano; e a diferença ficou extremamente significativa quando comparada com as taxas de mortalidade relatadas para as guerras civis do Vietnã e do Afeganistão. CONCLUSÃO: Dentre as lesões relacionadas à guerra, a maior taxa de mortalidade foi observada em lesões de cabeça-pescoço, abdome e vasculares. Acreditamos que a maior taxa de mortalidade na Guerra Civil da Síria, em comparação com as guerras da Bósnia, Vietnã, Líbano Afeganistão, se deva ao fato de os civis terem sido vistos como alvo direto durante a guerra.

Midterm Results Following Percutaneous Rotational Thrombectomy for Acute Thrombotic Occlusions of Prosthetic Arteriovenous Access Grafts.

Patent vascular access is critical for patients on regular hemodialysis. Prosthetic grafts are good alternatives when the superficial venous system is of poor quality. However, thrombosis is one of the main drawbacks of synthetic grafts, with reports of 59% to 90% patency rates for 1 year. In cases of thrombotic occlusion of prosthetic arteriovenous fistula grafts, percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy has recently gained clinical popularity as a potential alternative to surgical thrombectomy or pharmacologic thrombolysis. We reviewed our preliminary results from 30 percutaneous rotational thrombectomies performed in a total of 22 patients in the setting of acute dialysis-access prosthetic graft occlusion of the upper extremity. Among the 30 cases of acute occlusion of the arteriovenous graft, immediate success with angiographic flow restoration was observed in all patients except for 2 patients (both females; 6%), with de novo occlusion where reocclusion occurred within 12 hours despite apparent immediate angiographic patency. The mean duration between the initial presentation with acute arteriovenous graft occlusion and the thrombectomy procedure was 27.4 ± 12.4 hours. The mean duration of graft patency was 10.45 ± 0.6 months. A total of 75% of the arteriovenous grafts were patent at the end of 12 months of follow-up. Female gender, diabetes mellitus, and diagnosis to intervention interval were reviewed for midterm graft failure, and the presence of diabetes mellitus yielded significance (P < 0.05). Percutaneous techniques play important roles in the treatment of failed or failing arteriovenous fistulae and grafts. Ongoing analysis of outcomes of both percutaneous and surgical intervention is necessary to continue to identify optimum treatment algorithms.

Assessment of the perioperative period in civilians injured in the Syrian Civil War.

BACKGROUND: wars and its challenges have historically afflicted humanity. In Syria, severe injuries occurred due to firearms and explosives used in the war between government forces and civilians for a period of over 2 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the study included 364 cases, who were admitted to Mustafa Kemal University Hospital, Medicine School (Hatay, Turkey), and underwent surgery. Survivors and non-survivors were compared regarding injury site, injury type and number of transfusions given. The mortality rate found in this study was also compared to those reported in other civil wars. RESULTS: the mean age was 29 (3-68) years. Major sites of injury included extremities (56.0%), head (20.1%), abdomen (16.2%), vascular structures (4.4%) and thorax (3.3%). Injury types included firearm injury (64.4%), blast injury (34.4%) and miscellaneous injuries (1.2%). Survival rate was 89.6% while mortality rate was 10.4%. A significant difference was observed between mortality rates in this study and those reported for the Bosnia and Lebanon civil wars; and the difference became extremely prominent when compared to mortality rates reported for Vietnam and Afghanistan civil wars. CONCLUSION: among injuries related to war, the highest rate of mortality was observed in head-neck, abdomen and vascular injuries. We believe that the higher mortality rate in the Syrian Civil War, compared to the Bosnia, Vietnam, Lebanon and Afghanistan wars, is due to seeing civilians as a direct target during war.

Debranching solutions in endografting for complex thoracic aortic dissections.

BACKGROUND: Conventional surgical repair of thoracic aortic dissections is a challenge due to mortality and morbidity risks. OBJECTIVES: We analyzed our experience in hybrid aortic arch repair for complex dissections of the aortic arch. METHODS: Between 2009 and 2013, 18 patients (the mean age of 67 ± 8 years-old) underwent hybrid aortic arch repair. The procedural strategy was determined on the individual patient. RESULTS: Thirteen patients had type I repair using trifurcation and another patient with bifurcation graft. Two patients had type II repair with replacement of the ascending aorta. Two patients received extra-anatomic bypass grafting to left carotid artery allowing covering of zone 1. Stent graft deployment rate was 100%. No patients experienced stroke. One patient with total debranching of the aortic arch following an acute dissection of the proximal arch expired 3 months after TEVAR due to heart failure. There were no early to midterm endoleaks. The median follow-up was 20 ± 8 months with patency rate of 100%. CONCLUSION: Various debranching solutions for different complex scenarios of the aortic arch serve as less invasive procedures than conventional open surgery enabling safe and effective treatment of this highly selected subgroup of patients with complex aortic pathologies.

Debranching Solutions in Endografting for Complex Thoracic Aortic Dissections / Soluções de Desramificação em Endoprótese para Dissecções Complexas da Aorta Torácica

Background: Conventional surgical repair of thoracic aortic dissections is a challenge due to mortality and morbidity risks. Objectives: We analyzed our experience in hybrid aortic arch repair for complex dissections of the aortic arch. Methods: Between 2009 and 2013, 18 patients (the mean age of 67 ± 8 years-old) underwent hybrid aortic arch repair. The procedural strategy was determined on the individual patient. Results: Thirteen patients had type I repair using trifurcation and another patient with bifurcation graft. Two patients had type II repair with replacement of the ascending aorta. Two patients received extra-anatomic bypass grafting to left carotid artery allowing covering of zone 1. Stent graft deployment rate was 100%. No patients experienced stroke. One patient with total debranching of the aortic arch following an acute dissection of the proximal arch expired 3 months after TEVAR due to heart failure. There were no early to midterm endoleaks. The median follow-up was 20 ± 8 months with patency rate of 100%. Conclusion: Various debranching solutions for different complex scenarios of the aortic arch serve as less invasive procedures than conventional open surgery enabling safe and effective treatment of this highly selected subgroup of patients with complex aortic pathologies. .

Fundamentos: O reparo cirúrgico convencional de dissecção da aorta torácica é um desafio devido aos riscos de mortalidade e morbidade. Objetivos: Analisamos nossa experiência no reparo híbrido do arco aórtico em dissecções complexas do arco aórtico. Métodos: Entre os anos de 2009 e 2013, 18 pacientes (idade média de 67 ± 8 anos de idade) foram submetidos ao reparo híbrido do arco aórtico. A estratégia de procedimento foi determinada individualmente para cada paciente. Resultados: Treze pacientes fizeram o reparo tipo I utilizando enxerto trifurcado; outro paciente utilizou um enxerto bifurcado. Dois pacientes fizeram o reparo tipo II com substituição da aorta ascendente. Dois pacientes receberam desvios extra-anatômicos de enxertia pela artéria carótida esquerda, permitindo a cobertura da zona 1. A taxa de implantação do stent foi de 100%. Nenhum paciente apresentou acidente vascular cerebral. Um paciente com desramificação total do arco aórtico após dissecção aguda do arco proximal faleceu 3 meses depois de realizar o reparo endovascular da aorta torácica (TEVAR), por insuficiência cardíaca. Não houve endoleak precoce ou a médio prazo. A média de acompanhamento foi de 20 ± 8 meses, com taxa de patência de 100%. Conclusão: Diversas soluções de desramificação, utilizadas em diferentes cenários complexos do arco aórtico, são procedimentos menos invasivos que a cirurgia aberta convencional e permitem o tratamento seguro e eficaz deste subgrupo, altamente selecionado de pacientes com patologias complexas da aorta. .

A novel electrospun nano-fabric graft allows early cannulation access and reduces exposure to central venous catheters.

PURPOSE: The use of tunneled central venous catheters (CVC) as vascular access for hemodialysis treatment is increasing worldwide. We present a novel polycarbonate urethane nano-fabric graft, produced by electrospinning technology, which has self-sealing features that avoid seroma formation and allow puncturing within 48 hours. The aim of this study was to assess its advantages in a setting where late referral is common. 
 METHODS: A retrospective single center study assessed 24 implanted grafts in 24 patients with maximal follow-up of 18 months; patency rates, time to first cannulation and post-operative complications were assessed. 
 RESULTS: Successful access was achieved in all 24 patients within 48 hours. In 50% of the patients cannulation was performed within 24 hours without increasing the complication rate. Twelve month primary and secondary patencies were 50% and 70.8%, respectively. Excluding early failures (within 30 days) because of surgical problems, 12 month primary and secondary patencies were 75% and 81.2% respectively. Complication and infection rates were 10.94 and 0.49/1000 dialysis procedures, respectively. No pseudoaneurysms or seromas were documented at 18 months.
 CONCLUSIONS: Early cannulation was successful in all patients with good 12-month primary and secondary patency rates, compared to data reported by others on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts. The infection rate was substantially lower than in tunneled CVCs. Therefore, the AVflo graft may improve the clinical status of dialysis patients by decreasing the exposure to CVCs.

Midterm results with endovascular approach to abdominal aortic pathologies in Behçet's disease.

BACKGROUND: Vascular involvement in Behcet's disease is rare, but may be at the forefront of the clinical picture with possible life-threatening scenarios. We reviewed our preliminary results with endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic pathologies in Behçet's disease. METHODS: Data regarding seven patients with abdominal aortic pathologies (aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, and aortoenteric fistula) and Behçet's disease were treated with endovascular stent-grafting between 2002 and 2006. RESULTS: Seven patients (aged, 39.1 ± 9; range, 27-52 years) with a mean aortic diameter of 58.4 ± 6.3 mm received endovascular stent-grafts, two patients being in emergency settings. Two patients were in active disease state. Four tube-shaped, two aorto-bi-iliac, and one aorto-uni-iliac stents were implanted. One patient expired on day 28 with multiorgan failure after emergency stent-grafting owing to enlarging periprosthetic hematoma following open surgery for ruptured aneurysm. Another patient was declined for endovascular therapy owing to hypoplastic aortoiliac vasculature. CONCLUSION: Endovascular approach provides a reasonable alternative to open repair for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms in select cases; however, in emergency settings, endovascular repair may well have an important, but limited, role in select patients with aortoenteric fistulae, it may yet require a surgical intervention.