ABSTRACT
Plasmonic nanocomposites ZnO-Ag and ZnO-SnO2-Ag(AgCl) were prepared by the polymer-salt method, and their structure and morphology were studied using XRD and SEM analyses. It was found that the addition of photoactive inorganic nanocomposites ZnO-Ag and ZnO-SnO2-Ag(AgCl) in pure water significantly enhances the effectiveness of its disinfection and purification during UV treatment and provides the effective water oxygenation. Oxygen photogeneration under blue light (λex. = 405 nm) can be related to the plasmon-excitation processes in ZnO-SnO2-Ag(AgCl) composites. Prepared composites demonstrate antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The increase of Ag content in ZnO-Ag and ZnO-SnO2-Ag(AgCl) composites significantly enhances their antibacterial activity.
Subject(s)
Nanocomposites , Zinc Oxide , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Culture Media , Gram-Negative Bacteria , Gram-Positive Bacteria , Nanocomposites/chemistry , Water , Zinc Oxide/chemistryABSTRACT
Thin bactericidal ZnO coatings prepared with the polymer-salt method are shown to be highly transparent in the visible. The spectral measurements and XRD analysis data show that coatings prepared are formed by ZnO nanoparticles ~ 10 nm in size. The coatings demonstrate the bactericidal effect against the gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 209P and gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 bacteria both under the natural light and in the darkness.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena/drug effects , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/administration & dosage , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemical synthesis , Nanoparticles/administration & dosage , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Zinc Oxide/administration & dosage , Zinc Oxide/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Cell Survival/drug effects , Materials Testing , RefractometryABSTRACT
To lower the toxicity and to prolong the action of the monofluoroquinolone ofloxacin, its water-soluble polymer complexes were developed. Cationic copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) with 2-aminoethylmethacrylate (2-AEM) and its hydrochloride (2-AEM-HCl), containing 10.9-28.3 mol. % -NH2 or -NH3Cl group with the molecular mass (MM) of 10500 to 89000 were synthesized as the complex-forming polymers. The cationic copolymers showed their own antimicrobial activity. The polymer complexes contained 18-36% of fluoroquinolone and had high antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, that increased with an increase of the ofloxacin content in the complex and a decrease of its MM. The kinetic studies on the ofloxacin release from its polymer complex with MM of 60000, containing 36% of fluoroquinolone revealed prolongation of the medicinal substance release from the complex in the buffer solution at pH 2.0 and a temperature of 37 degrees C. The acute toxicity tests on mice with intraperitoneal administration of ofloxacin and copolymer VP containing 20.8 mol. % -NH3Cl group (MM of 51000) showed that ofloxacin was a nontoxic antimicrobial and the polymer carrier was a low toxic substance.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Drug Carriers/chemical synthesis , Ofloxacin/chemistry , Ofloxacin/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/toxicity , Delayed-Action Preparations , Drug Carriers/chemistry , Drug Carriers/toxicity , Drug Liberation , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Methacrylates/chemistry , Mice , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Ofloxacin/toxicity , Pyrrolidinones/chemistry , SolubilityABSTRACT
New methodological approaches to preclinical study of the efficiency of potential prostatotropic drugs are suggested on the basis of original research and published data. An algorithm is proposed to investigate specific activity and safety of potential drugs for the prevention and treatment of prostate disorders.
Subject(s)
Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods , Prostatic Diseases/drug therapy , Animals , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Methodological approaches to preclinical evaluation of the efficiency of potential dermotropic preparations are proposed on the basis of original investigations and an analysis of published data. At the first stage of the preclinical investigation of preparations for external application, it is necessary to estimate their acute toxicity, allergenic activity, and local irritation effect in addition to studying the specific activity.