ABSTRACT
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Neo-endo, Hyflextm retreatment file systems, and H-files for removing gutta-percha from root canal treated tooth. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted single-rooted human teeth with a single canal were opted. The shaping of the root canals was done with pro-taper universal files and later obturated. The samples were grouped based on the file system chosen for removing the obturating material: Group I-H-files; Group II-Neo-endo retreatment files; Group III-Hyflex™ retreatment files. The quantity of remaining gutta-percha still present after the retreatment procedure was assessed under a stereomicroscope. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically analyze the data. Results: Hyflex™ files left less remaining filling material than with Neo-endo and H-files. Conclusion: The Hyflex™ retreatment files were most efficient in removing the gutta-percha from the root canal.
ABSTRACT
Background: Marginal failure at the resin dentin interface promotes biofilm formation, which further leads to secondary caries and hypersensitivity. This likelihood also increases if residual bacteria are present following cavity preparation. In order to achieve a proper biological seal without jeopardizing bonding, efforts were made to functionalize the adhesive system with antibacterial activity. Aim and objectives: To appraise the antibacterial activity of a total-etch adhesive system against S. mutans with and without incorporation of antibiotics Vancomycin and Cefotaxime. Materials and Method: A commercially available 5th-generation total-etch bonding agent (Te-Econorm) was used. S. mutans broth had been standardized and streaked over Muller-Hinton agar culture medium and round wells about 6 mm in diameter were made in the centre of the agar plates. Each experimental group comprised 10 samples, which include: Group 1 - 30µg Cefotaxime, Group 2- 30µg Cefotaxime + Bonding agent, Group 3- 30µg Vancomycin, Group 4- 30µg Vancomycin + Bonding agent, Group 5- Bonding agent, and Group 6- No material. Inoculated culture plates were examined for the zone of inhibition after incubation at 37° C for 24 hours. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean diameter of zone of inhibition (p=0.000), with the maximum exhibited by Group 4, followed by Group 3 and Group 2. The least zone of inhibition was exhibited by Groups 1 and 5. The negative control showed no zone of inhibition. Conclusion: The combination of Vancomycin and bonding agent had superior antibacterial activity against S. mutans in comparison to cefotaxime and bonding agent.
ABSTRACT
Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used as a postoperative medication after endodontic treatment. The introduction of transdermal patches aided in reducing the discomfort caused by medication prescribed through the oral route. Aim: This study aims to compare the efficacy of transdermal patches of diclofenac and ketoprofen for postendodontic pain control. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in singlerooted teeth of either arch were endodontically treated by a single endodontist. Oral diclofenac for Group I and transdermal diclofenac patch for Group II and transdermal ketoprofen patch for Group III were administered as postendodontic analgesics. Visual Analog Scale chart was used to record pain intensity preoperatively and at intervals of 4, 8, and 24 h postoperatively. Paracetamol 500 mg tablets were provided as rescue medication. Statistical Analysis: Repeated Measure ANOVA. Results: There was a significant decrease in the postoperative pain intensity scores for both transdermal groups. The postoperative scores gradually decreased from day 1 to day 2. Six out of ten patients who had received diclofenac tablets complained of gastric discomfort. Conclusion: Both transdermal ketoprofen and diclofenac patches were effective than oral diclofenac tablet and can be used as an alternative and effective analgesic for postendodontic pain management, especially in patients with gastric discomfort.
ABSTRACT
Background: Electronic apex locators (EALs) are frequently used as adjuvant to radiographs in working length (WL) determination. The introduction of integrated apex locators (IALs) further simplified the root canal treatment by continuous monitoring of the apex while root canal shaping. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of radiographs, EAL, and IAL in determining the WL in the presence of various irrigants. Materials and Methods: The present in vivo study was carried out on 30 patients who were divided into 10 in each group, based on the type of irrigant used; 0.9% saline (Group 1), 0.2% chlorhexidine (Group 2), and 2.5% of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCL) (Group 3). In each group, WL is determined using conventional radiographs, Root ZX Mini (EAL), and CanalPro CL2i (IAL). Statistical Analysis: Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman's two-way ANOVA test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Mean WL was comparably lower with Root ZX Mini, while the WL by CanalPro CL2i and the radiographic method were comparable. In all methods, the type of solutions used did not influence the WL, with a higher mean WL when NaOCL is used as an irrigant. Nevertheless, the above comparisons were not statistically significant. Conclusion: the irrigation solutions employed in this study had no impact on the performance of apex locators and radiographs.
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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surface topography of gutta-percha (GP) after disinfecting with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (5.25%), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (70 µg/ml), and chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) (1.5 mg/ml) by atomic force microscopy (AFM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty GP cones were taken in this in vitro study. These samples were divided into four different groups such as Group I - control group (untreated GP Points) and Group II, III, and IV were treated with 5.25% NaOCl, 70 µg/ml AgNPs, and 1.5 mg/ml ChNPs, respectively. The surface topography analysis of the samples was performed using AFM. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Root mean square (RMS) and surface roughness parameters were used to compare the structure of GP points with contact mode imaging. These values were tested by IBM SPSS-20.0 version statistical software using one-way ANOVA and post hoc (Tukey's honestly significant difference) tests. They were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05. RESULTS: The RMS and surface roughness values are significantly higher for NaOCl group (5.25% NaOCl) when compared with AgNPs group (70 µg/ml AgNPs) and ChNPs group (1.5 mg/ml ChNPs). CONCLUSION: This study has shown more surface topography deterioration of GP treated with NaOCl and lesser deterioration with AgNPs and ChNPs which affects postoperative prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Developmental anomalies are marked deviations from normal size, shape, contour, and various other parameters. An understanding of these anomalies and its application has been a clinical challenge. With the advances in diagnostic technology, the field of endodontics has been evolving with new treatment protocols, which gives promising results. The aim of this article is to present a case report on tooth anomaly that is taurodontism and its management in a patient with multiple taurodont teeth. This article brings discussion on anatomical variations of the taurodont teeth and the techniques related to the endodontic treatment of the same and how it differs from normal teeth.
