Subject(s)
Isaacs Syndrome/diagnosis , Myasthenia Gravis/diagnosis , Thymoma/diagnosis , Thymus Neoplasms/diagnosis , Autoantibodies/blood , Electromyography , Humans , Isaacs Syndrome/blood , Isaacs Syndrome/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Myasthenia Gravis/blood , Myasthenia Gravis/complications , Thymoma/blood , Thymoma/complications , Thymus Neoplasms/blood , Thymus Neoplasms/complicationsSubject(s)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/complications , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/diagnosis , Muscle Weakness/complications , Muscle Weakness/diagnosis , Age of Onset , Aged , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/drug therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Muscle Weakness/drug therapy , Treatment FailureABSTRACT
Stimulation and needle electromyography studies covered 102 patients with occupational hands disorders. 87% of the examinees showed tunnel syndromes signs: 44% of those had one tunnel syndrome, 36% - two synromes, and 7% - multiple ones. The results failed to demonstrate reliable difference in tunnel syndrome frequency for vibration exposure and functional hands overstrain. Sensitivity thresholds in vibration disease were increased in 86.7% of the examinees and in 61.5% of those with functional hands overstrain. Peripheral nerve disorders in residual defects with occupational hands diseases are persistent due to compression within physiologic tunnels.
Subject(s)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/physiopathology , Hand/innervation , Occupational Diseases/physiopathology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Peripheral Nervous System/physiology , Recovery of Function/physiology , Vibration/adverse effects , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/etiology , Electromyography , Humans , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Prognosis , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Complex electromyographic examinations of 57 patients with different forms of tick-borne encephalitis were carried out during acute and delayed periods. Abnormalities of the peripheral neuromotor system were detected in patients with all forms of the disease; the most characteristic were pronounced electrogenesis disorders in the proximal part of motor nerve axons, particularly in the upper limbs, and of the spinal anterior horn motoneurons at the level of the cervical intumescence.
Subject(s)
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/physiopathology , Motor Neurons/physiology , Peripheral Nervous System/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Anterior Horn Cells/physiology , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Motor Neurons/ultrastructure , Upper Extremity/innervation , Upper Extremity/physiopathology , Young AdultABSTRACT
We have tested clinical and electrophysiological parameters as well as sera for specific anti-titin-antibodies in 40 myasthenic patients with thymoma, 10 with late-onset and 40 with early-onset without thymoma. We have revealed the prevalence of clinical symptoms: chew and bulbar disturbances, neck and deltoideus muscle weakness in the patients with thymoma and late-onset myasthenia gravis without thymoma. These clinical peculiarities were associated with the absence of changes in duration of minimal motor unit potential after correction for synaptic lesions by proserine injections and increase of titin-antibodies level. The clinical data, along with the results of electrophysiological and immunological studies, suggest a presence of "myasthenic myopathy" in patients with myasthenia, comorbid with thymoma, and patients with late-onset of myasthenia without thymoma.
Subject(s)
Muscle Weakness/etiology , Thymoma/complications , Thymus Neoplasms/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antibodies/immunology , Child , Connectin , Diagnosis, Differential , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Male , Membrane Proteins , Middle Aged , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscle Proteins/immunology , Muscle Weakness/diagnosis , Muscle Weakness/physiopathology , Myasthenia Gravis/diagnosis , Prognosis , Protein Kinases/immunology , Severity of Illness Index , Thymoma/diagnosis , Thymoma/immunology , Thymus Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thymus Neoplasms/immunologySubject(s)
Abdominal Muscles/innervation , Electromyography , Pelvic Pain/diagnosis , Prostatitis/diagnosis , Spinal Nerves/physiopathology , Abdominal Muscles/physiopathology , Adult , Chronic Disease , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pelvic Floor/innervation , Pelvic Floor/physiopathology , Pelvic Pain/therapy , Prostatitis/therapy , Syndrome , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Electromyography (EMG) with needle electrodes of urethral and anal sphincters was performed in 32 patients with stress enuresis (SE). All the patients received conservative treatment as pelvic fundus exercise by Kegel (17 patients), use of vaginal cones (4 patients), ESMP-15-1 device electrostimulation (11 patients). In treatment failure, SE was corrected surgically. The response was assessed 8 weeks after the treatment. Satisfactory results were obtained in 23(72%) women. Reinnervation of urethral sphincter and the anus of different severity was found in 13(41%) and 30(97%) patients, respectively. Denervation in urethral and anal sphincter occurred in 4(13%) and 6(19%) patients, respectively. The comparison of the results of treatment and EMG findings has shown that good results were achieved only in patients with moderate reinnervation of the sphincters. Patients with denervation and/or severe reinnervation of the sphincters did not benefit from the conservative therapy or its result was minimal. It is shown that needle EMG is a reliable method of assessing the condition of urethral and anal sphincters and helps to make timely choice of SE treatment in women.
Subject(s)
Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Enuresis/etiology , Enuresis/therapy , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Adult , Aged , Electromyography/methods , Enuresis/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Urethra/physiopathology , Urodynamics/physiologySubject(s)
Demyelinating Diseases/complications , Demyelinating Diseases/diagnosis , Myelin Sheath/pathology , Polyneuropathies/complications , Polyneuropathies/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Polyneuropathies/drug therapy , Prednisone/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Based on an analysis of potentials of motor units (MU) of the skeletal muscles of patients with the postpoliomyelitis syndrome (PPMS), tick-borne encephalitis and spinal amyotrophy, a conclusion is made about the common trend of changes in MU in the given diseases. The degree of changes in MU depends on the grade of physical and trophic load of the preserved nerve elements. As the reserve possibilities of motoneurons are depleted, the process gets aggravated, with the formation of compensatory innervation insufficiency and the rise of muscle atrophy. In patients with PPMS, the decompensation of the pathological process starts, as a rule, at the definite age period and depends on the intensity of the primary defect formation.
Subject(s)
Motor Neurons/physiology , Muscles/pathology , Poliomyelitis/complications , Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome/pathology , Action Potentials/physiology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Arm/innervation , Child, Preschool , Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/pathology , Female , Humans , Infant , Leg/innervation , Male , Middle Aged , Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/etiology , Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/pathology , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Adaptation, Physiological , Nerve Tissue/metabolism , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Neuronal Plasticity , Electromyography , Humans , Membrane Potentials , Motor Neurons/physiology , Muscles/innervation , Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Neuromuscular Diseases/etiology , Neuromuscular Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Comparison of the parameters of potentials of motor units (PMUs) recorded by a concentric needle electrode and macro-PMUs recorded by a macroelectrode in muscles of 102 patients with various neuromuscular diseases has demonstrated that the results obtained by the given methods of examination provide mutually supportive information about the status of MUs in the patient's muscles, the size of MUs, a possible maximal volume of compensatory innervation and its efficacy.
Subject(s)
Electromyography , Motor Neurons/physiology , Muscles/physiopathology , Neuromuscular Diseases/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Electrodes , Humans , Membrane Potentials , Middle Aged , Neuromuscular Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Patients with mitochondrial myopathy have been subjected to clinical, electromyographic, mechanographic, morphological and ultrastructural examination. The main syndromes involving the neuromuscular system in these patients have been considered. The authors draw attention to a generalized character of changes in clinically local lesions. The diagnostic value of electromyographic and morphological examinations has been compared. An analysis of the clinical picture and the results of electromyographic and morphological studies have suggested heterogeneity of the given clinical group of patients.
Subject(s)
Mitochondria, Muscle/physiology , Muscular Dystrophies/physiopathology , Adolescent , Adult , Electromyography , Electrophysiology , Female , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Middle Aged , Mitochondria, Muscle/ultrastructure , Muscle Contraction , Muscular Dystrophies/diagnosis , Neuromuscular Junction/physiopathology , Synaptic Transmission , SyndromeABSTRACT
An analysis of motor unit action potentials duration in 1065 patients suffering from various disorders of peripheral motor nerve and the results of fiber density measure in 88 patients are presented. The authors show the benefits of using of action potential duration histograms for diagnostic aims. The measurement of average potential duration is not recommended.
Subject(s)
Electromyography , Muscles/innervation , Nerve Regeneration , Neuromuscular Diseases/physiopathology , Action Potentials , Anterior Horn Cells/physiology , Humans , Motor Neurons/physiology , Myasthenia Gravis/physiopathology , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Polyneuropathies/physiopathologyABSTRACT
For many years myasthenia was classed among the rare neurological diseases. At the present time, because of an improvement in diagnosis and, possibly also because this disease has become widespread, the number of cases recorded has appreciably increased and comprises more than 3 per 100,000 population [1, 2]. More than 200 myasthenia patients are under our observation. From 2 to 10 patients come under observation annually.
Subject(s)
Electromyography , Muscular Diseases/diagnosis , Atrophy , Carcinoma, Bronchogenic/pathology , Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology , Evoked Potentials , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Muscles/pathology , Muscular Diseases/pathology , Myasthenia Gravis/diagnosis , Syndrome , Thymus Gland/pathologyABSTRACT
The potentials of muscle motor units were measured in 146 normal subjects, 943 patients with primary muscular diseases, 2114 patients with neuropathy, 887 patients with neuronopathies, and 1057 patients with impaired neuromuscular transmission. Analysis of the findings helped to establish certain types of potentials most frequently registered in various forms of neuromuscular diseases at different stages of the process. A parallelly conducted study (using a microelectrode) of the potentials of individual muscle fibers determined in motor units elicited changes in the nature of the distribution of muscle fibers in motor units, and an increase in their density and also established the role of the readjustment of motor units and compensatory reinnervation in the formation of various types of motor unit potentials.
Subject(s)
Electromyography , Muscular Diseases/diagnosis , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Neuromuscular Diseases/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Motor Neurons , Muscular Dystrophies , Myositis/diagnosis , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
The density of muscle fibers in a motor unit (MU) was studied electromyographically with the aid of a microelectrode. Muscle biopsy specimens withdrawn from patients with different neuromuscular diseases were subjected to morphological and histochemical studies. During denervation-reinnervation processes, the motoneuron actively reconstitutes the structure of an innervated MU. Apart from branching in the central part, the motoneuron excludes from the innervation zone the muscle fibers located in the most remote areas in respect of the MU center.
