ABSTRACT
Periodontitis is characterized by inflammation of the gingival tissue. The main risk factors are socioeconomic factors, sex, age, smoking, and diabetes, but periodontal disease has also a genetic background. Previous genome-wide association studies failed to reveal genome-wide significant associations of single common single-nucleotide polymorphisms with chronic periodontitis. Using the Illumina ExomeChip data of 6,576 participants of the German population-based cohort studies Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) and SHIP-Trend, the authors performed single variant and also gene-based association studies of rare and common exonic variations on different periodontal case definitions. Although our study comprised the largest sample size to date to assess genetic predisposition for chronic periodontitis, the authors found no significant association. This study emphasizes that for chronic periodontitis, large sample sizes will be necessary to find genetic associations, even when examining rare genetic variants.
Subject(s)
Chronic Periodontitis/genetics , Exome/genetics , Female , Genetic Markers/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Genome-Wide Association Study , Germany , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/geneticsABSTRACT
We report the results of treating 30 children less than 7.5 years old for port wine stains of the face and neck using pulsed dye laser with a wave length of 585 nm. The children were given a general anaesthetic. In five children the stains disappeared completely and in 21 there was marked improvement (> 75% lighter). The younger age group, 7 months to 4 years, required fewer treatment sessions (mean 3.7) than the older age group, 4 to 7 years (mean 5.1 sessions), indicating the benefit of early treatment. No side effects were seen except for transient hyperpigmentation.
