ABSTRACT
Purpose: To identify prognostic clinical and radiologic features in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. Patients and Methods: Clinical and imaging records of patients with unresectable HCC were retrospectively reviewed, and baseline features were recorded. Patients' records and imaging studies were used to determine the patients' overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine prognostic features. Subanalyses of treatment-naïve patients (who never received local or systemic therapy) and previously treated patients were also performed. Results: Fifty-five patients were included in the final analysis, 23 (41.8%) of whom were treatment naïve. The median PFS and OS for the entire cohort were 3.0 months and 7.9 months. The 3-, 6- and 12-month OS rates were 85.5%, 79.8% and 45.7%, respectively. The 3-, 6- and 12-month PFS rates were 50.1%, 41.2% and 20.1%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, independent prognostic features for poor PFS of the entire cohort were pleural effusions (p = 0.047, HR: 6.3; CI: 1.03-38.90) and hepatic vein tumor thrombus (p = 0.005; HR: 23.37; CI: 2.63-207.67); independent prognostic features for poor OS were ascites (p = 0.008; HR: 37.37; CI: 2.53-467.64), pleural effusion (p = 0.003; HR: 110.17; CI: 5.00-2426.54), and low (<40HU) pre-contrast attenuation on CT images (p = 0.007; HR: 0.09; CI: 0.02-0.53). On subanalysis of treatment-naïve patients, the median OS and PFS were 7.4 months and 2.8 months, respectively. The 3-, 6- and 12-month PFS rates were 43.5%, 38.6% and 24.8%, respectively. Pleural effusion was the only independent poor prognostic feature (p = 0.036; HR: 206.34; CI: 1.41-30,167.58). Conclusion: Independent prognostic features for survival outcomes include the presence of ascites, pleural effusions, hepatic vein tumor thrombus, and HCC with low attenuation (<40 HU) on unenhanced CT images. Although several biochemical variables were significant on univariate analysis, none were independent predictors of OS or PFS.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The EGFR/Akt/NF-κB signalling pathway is frequently deregulated in pancreatic cancer and contributes to cell growth, metastasis and chemoresistance. An isoflavone, genistein, inactivates Akt and NF-κB and enhances the anti-tumor activity of erlotinib and gemcitabine in experimental systems of pancreas cancer. This phase II study was undertaken to determine the effects of adding isoflavone to a regimen of gemcitabine and erlotinib on survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Eligibility included previously untreated patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Patients received gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m² on days 1, 8, and 15, and erlotinib 150 mg once daily P.O. on day 1 to day 28. Soy isoflavones (Novasoy®) were administered at a dose of 531 mg twice daily P.O. starting day -7 until the end of study participation. RESULTS: Twenty patients with advanced pancreas cancer were enrolled (median age 57.9 years). Sixteen patients had stage IV disease. The median number of cycles was 2 per patient. The median survival time was 5.2 months (95% CI, 4.6-N/A months). The probability of survival at 6 months was 50% (95% CI, 32-78%). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of soy isoflavones to gemcitabine and erlotinib did not appear to increase the survival of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
