ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of switching from prostaglandin analog (PGA) monotherapy to tafluprost/timolol fixed-combination (Taf/Tim) therapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, normal-tension glaucoma, or ocular hypertension who had received PGA monotherapy for at least 3 months were enrolled. Patients were examined at 1, 2, and 3 months after changing therapies. Subsequently, the patients were returned to PGA monotherapy. The examined parameters included intraocular pressure (IOP) and adverse events. A questionnaire survey was conducted after the switch to Taf/Tim therapy. RESULTS: Forty patients with a mean age of 66.5 ± 10.3 years were enrolled; 39 of these patients completed the study protocol. Switching to Taf/Tim significantly reduced the IOP from 18.2 ± 2.6 mmHg at baseline to 14.8 ± 2.5 mmHg at 1 month, 15.2 ± 2.8 mmHg at 2 months, and 14.9 ± 2.5 mmHg at 3 months (P < 0.001). Switching back to the original PGA monotherapy returned the IOP values to baseline levels. Taf/Tim reduced the pulse rate insignificantly. No significant differences were observed in blood pressure, conjunctival hyperemia, or corneal adverse events. A questionnaire showed that the introduction of Taf/Tim did not significantly influence symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with PGA monotherapy, Taf/Tim fixed-combination therapy significantly reduced IOP without severe adverse events.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To prospectively assess the efficacy and safety of switching to bimatoprost monotherapy or brinzolamide and latanoprost combination therapy in patients who had been receiving latanoprost monotherapy. METHODS: A prospective, open-label study was conducted. Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who had been receiving latanoprost monotherapy for three months or more were enrolled. Bimatoprost was substituted for latanoprost in one eye (BIM group), and brinzolamide was added to the latanoprost in the other eye (BRZ group) simultaneously. The patients underwent examinations at 6 weeks (visit 1) and 12 weeks (visit 2) after changing therapies. Subsequently, the treatments were returned to latanoprost monotherapy. The patients underwent another examination 6 weeks (visit 3) after the return to latanoprost. The parameters examined were intraocular pressure (IOP), conjunctival hyperemia, and corneal epithelial damage. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients (13 men and 13 women) completed the protocol. Both groups showed a significant IOP reduction at visits 1 and 2 compared with the baseline, with a similar magnitude (BIM group: P = 0.016 at visit 1, P = 0.025 at visit 2, BRZ group: P = 0.0006 at visit 1, P = 0.028 at visit 2). The IOPs at the baseline and on visit 3 were similar in both groups (P = 0.7). The two groups showed no changes in either conjunctival hyperemia or corneal epithelial damage compared with the baseline. CONCLUSION: Bimatoprost monotherapy and brinzolamide adjunctive to latanoprost similarly reduced the IOP, with no additive adverse effects, compared with latanoprost monotherapy.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate changes in anterior chamber depth (ACD) prospectively in patients with recent unilateral contusion but no signs of angle recession, using a scanning peripheral anterior chamber depth analyzer (SPAC). METHODS: Among patients whose chief complaint was recent unilateral contusion and who showed no signs of angle recession by gonioscopy in 2006 and 2007, those who satisfied the following criteria were subjected to SPAC evaluation of ACD from the central to the peripheral region: no history of ocular diseases or ocular surgery including laser treatment, and similar refractory error in both eyes before trauma. RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients satisfied the criteria (29 males, 8 females; age: 28.6 +/- 23.5 years). Fourteen patients presented with commotio retinae. Fifteen showed no ocular manifestations related to the contusion. The mean SPAC-determined ACD grades of contused and noncontused eyes were 10.7 +/- 1.6 and 9.8 +/- 2.1, respectively, demonstrating that the contused eyes had significantly larger ACD values than the noncontused ones (p = 0.0005). The contused eyes had larger ACD values in both the central and the peripheral regions. The difference in ACD between the contused and noncontused eyes tended to increase with greater distance from the center. The equivalent refractive errors were -2.3 +/- 2.2 and -1.7 +/- 2.1 dpt, respectively (p = 0.004). There were no significant differences in best-corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure between the contused and the noncontused eyes. CONCLUSION: Contusion may increase ACD particularly in the peripheral region even in patients who have no apparent manifestations in the anterior ocular segment.
Subject(s)
Anterior Chamber/injuries , Anterior Chamber/pathology , Contusions/complications , Eye Injuries/etiology , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/etiology , Adult , Child , Contusions/physiopathology , Eye Injuries/physiopathology , Female , Gonioscopy , Humans , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Male , Prospective Studies , Visual Acuity/physiology , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/physiopathologyABSTRACT
A case of relapsing polychondritis showed IOP elevations three times during the follow-up due to the angle-closure mechanism. The peripheral anterior chamber depth (ACD) showed a good correlation with IOP elevation, but central ACD did not. The peripheral ACD could be more related to IOP elevation than central ACD.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To examine prospectively the effects of small-incision phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (PEA+IOL) on anterior chamber depth (ACD) and intraocular pressure (IOP) using a newly developed scanning peripheral ACD analyzer (SPAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight eyes of 21 patients who underwent PEA+IOL without any complications were examined and divided into 7 eyes each of grades 1 to 4 according to the Van Herick technique. The SPAC measured ACD consecutively from the vicinity of the pupil center to the periphery at 0.4-mm intervals. Changes in ACD and IOP as a result of PEA+IOL were investigated, and the factors contributing to the changes in ACD and IOP were examined. RESULTS: PEA+IOL increased ACD significantly at all groups. The average changing rates were 3.19 +/- 0.67 times (Van Herick grade 1), 2.00 +/- 0.80 times (Van Herick grade 2), 1.92 +/- 0.32 times (Van Herick grade 3), and 1.36 +/- 0.65 times (Van Herick grade 4), respectively. The closer to the pupil center the measurement point was, the larger was the increase in ACD. However, the rates of increase in ACD were similar among the measurement points. The increases in ACD were significantly large in patients having a shallow preoperative ACD and a small optic axis length. The IOP reduction became significantly large in eyes with a shallow preoperative ACD. CONCLUSIONS: The SPAC enabled quantitative measurement of changes in ACD from the vicinity of the pupil center to the periphery as a result of PEA+IOL. Changes in ACD resulting from PEA+IOL were thought to exert a greater effect on aqueous humor outflow facility as the postoperative ACD became shallower.
