ABSTRACT
The antidiabetic activity of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) with exercise was investigated in KK-Ay mice, an animal model with type 2 diabetes with hyperinsulinemia. The water extract of the fruit of Momordica charantia L. (MC) with exercise reduced the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice 5 weeks after oral administration (p<0.001), and also significantly lowered the plasma insulin of KK-Ay mice under similar conditions (p<0.01). The blood glucose of MC with exercise is lower than that of MC only or exercise only 5 weeks after the administration. MC with exercise decreased blood glucose in a glucose tolerance test. These results suggest that MC with exercise is useful for type 2 diabetic cure.
Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Momordica charantia/chemistry , Phytotherapy , Administration, Oral , Animals , Body Weight , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Fruit/chemistry , Glucose Tolerance Test , Insulin/blood , Mice , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Plant Preparations/therapeutic use , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The antidiabetic activity of Lyophyllum decastes (Tricholomataceae) was investigated in KK-Ay mice, an animal model of genetically type 2 diabetes with hyperinsulinemia. The water extract of Lyophyllum decastes (LD) (500 mg/kg body weight) reduced the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice 7 h after a single oral administration (p<0.05) when compared with control. LD reduced the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice 3 weeks after repeated administration (p<0.05), and also significantly lowered the serum insulin of KK-Ay mice under similar conditions (p<0.01). However, LD did not affect the blood glucose in normal mice. LD tended to decrease of the blood glucose in an insulin tolerance test. In addition, the muscle content of facilitative glucose transporter isoform 4 (GLUT4) protein content in the plasma membrane fraction from muscle significantly increased in the orally LD-treated KK-Ay mice when compared to that of the controls (p<0.01). These results suggest that the antidiabetic activity of LD is derived, at least in part, from a decrease in insulin resistance, due to the increase of GLUT4 protein content in the plasma membrane of the muscle.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Animals , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics , Fruit , Hypoglycemic Agents/isolation & purification , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Insulin/blood , Male , Mice , Phytotherapy/methods , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacologyABSTRACT
In the past, nitobegiku (the herb of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl) A. Gray) has been used as a medicinal plant for diabetes. Antidiabetic effect of the water extract of Nitobegiku (NG) was investigated in KK-Ay-mice--one of the animal models of type 2 diabetes. NG (1,500 mg/kg body weight) reduced the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice from 509 +/- 22 mg/dl to 340 +/- 14 mg/dl (p < 0.001) and also lowered the plasma insulin (p < 0.05) 7 hours after single oral administration. No change in blood glucose of NG-treated normal mice (ddY) was seen. These results support that NG improve glucose metabolism by reducing insulin resistance. Therefore, NG may be useful for treatment of type 2 diabetes.
