ABSTRACT
Mycobacterium avium complex infection resulted in a granuloma that developed at the base of the left ear in a cat. The lesion caused vestibular dysfunction and facial palsy on the left side and protruded into the oral cavity on that side. The cat was treated successfully, with resolution of the lesion and elimination of the organism, by use of combined administration of clofazimine and doxycycline. Adverse effects of the clofazimine treatment included temporary reddish-orange discoloration of the cat's skin and mucous membranes.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Clofazimine/therapeutic use , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Leprostatic Agents/therapeutic use , Mycobacterium avium , Tuberculosis/veterinary , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cats , Clofazimine/adverse effects , Clofazimine/pharmacology , Doxycycline/pharmacology , Granuloma/drug therapy , Granuloma/microbiology , Granuloma/surgery , Granuloma/veterinary , Leprostatic Agents/pharmacology , Male , Mycobacterium avium/drug effects , Mycobacterium avium/isolation & purification , Pigmentation Disorders/chemically induced , Pigmentation Disorders/veterinary , Tuberculosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
This study describes the use of a newly constructed set of primers that amplifies an 85-base pair (bp) segment of Borrelia burgdorferi chromosomal DNA. This 85-bp product is not produced when other Borrelia species, Leptospira, or other bacteria are subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We also describe a rapid method of optimizing the amplification of B. burgdorferi DNA from canine ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-treated blood and urine samples that circumvents some of the problems encountered due to low number of spirochetes in clinical specimens and that removes inhibiting substances, which improves the PCR diagnosis of canine Lyme borreliosis.
Subject(s)
Borrelia burgdorferi Group/isolation & purification , Dog Diseases , Lyme Disease/veterinary , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Animals , Base Sequence , Borrelia burgdorferi Group/genetics , Chromosomes, Bacterial , DNA Primers , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Dogs , Leptospira interrogans/genetics , Leptospira interrogans/isolation & purification , Lyme Disease/diagnosis , Molecular Sequence Data , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Administration of tetracycline was believed to be associated with an adverse drug reaction in a cat. Clinical signs consisted of anorexia, ptyalism, and signs of depression. The most noticeable biochemical abnormality was a markedly high serum alanine transaminase activity. Treatment consisted of vitamin E and selenium injections and feeding via a gastrostomy tube. Abnormalities noticed on histologic examination of hepatic tissue were centrilobular fibrosis, mild diffuse cholangiohepatitis, and mild hepatic lipidosis. The lipidosis was believed to have resulted from tetracycline administration, whereas the more chronic lesions (hepatic fibrosis and mild cholangiohepatitis) were believed to have resulted from preexisting, subclinical hepatic disease. Because serum alanine transaminase activity returned to reference ranges and the anorexia and ptyalism resolved with cessation of tetracycline administration, these abnormalities were believed to have represented an adverse drug reaction. Treatment of the cat with vitamin E and selenium was instituted on the basis of reported preventive and therapeutic effects in albino rats with tetracycline-induced hepatic lesions. Whether these compounds had any role in accelerating clinical recovery in this cat is uncertain.
