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Tubercular Lesions of oral cavity are relatively uncommon and are generally missed in the differential diagnosis before the systemic symptoms become evident. The purpose of this article is to know the varied presentation of tuberculosis in the oral cavity and also highlights the prime role of Oral Pathologist in making the diagnosis of this disease.
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Tuberculosis, Oral , Humans , Tuberculosis, Oral/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Oral/drug therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , ImmunotherapyABSTRACT
Introduction: Antiplatelet drugs are used for the secondary prevention of cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases. Clopidogrel and Aspirin are the most commonly prescribed drugs for these patients. Physicians and dentists have to weigh bleeding risks versus thrombotic risks in interrupting antiplatelet regimen. The balance of these risks for an individual patient is the primary consideration in management of dental patients who are taking antiplatelet drugs and require dental implants. The study was undertaken to assess the risk of bleeding in patients on single and dual antiplatelets undergoing dental implants. Materials and method: 65 patients were assessed for bleeding after placement of dental implants. They were divided into 2 groups: group I included 48 patients on single antiplatelets (Aspirin) and group II included 17 patients on dual antiplatelets (Aspirin and Clopidogrel) based upon the timing of coronary intervention. Bleeding was evaluated intra-operatively and post-operatively. Results: Significant difference in bleeding was noted between group I and group II based on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for bleeding severity after implant placement both intra-operatively (P = 0.000) and post-operatively (P = 0.004) within 24 h. However, post-operative complication after 24 h was non-significant (P = 0.277). Conclusion: Dental implants can be safely placed in patients on single antiplatelet drugs without discontinuing them. In patients on dual antiplatelets, risk of bleeding is mild to moderate if the drugs are continued. Consultation with treating cardiologist is a must before any kind of dental invasive surgery in patients on antiplatelets.
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AIM: The aim of this study was to give an insight into the retrospective analysis of a number of maxillofacial trauma cases reported to our institute and research center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data for this study was obtained from the medical records and outpatient prescription slips of cases treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department from 2010 to 2016. Etiology, age, gender, pattern of fracture, and surgical treatment modalities undertaken in these patients were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 353 maxillofacial trauma patients with mean age of 40 years, treated at our institute were evaluated from 2010 to 2016. Mandible was the most commonly fractured bone with parasymphysis as the most frequent site. Majority of victims were males (male:female ratio of 4:1) and also in the third decade of life. This study showed that 73% patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), 25.8% by intermaxillary fixation (IMF) and Stabilization of fracture mandible with acrylic splint and circummandibular wiring was done in 0.8% pediatric patients. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that road traffic accidents were reported as the leading cause of maxillofacial fractures followed by assault, falls, and familial dispute. Maxillofacial surgeons as health care providers must continue their 'face it' campaign to decrease the incidence of road traffic accidents. Open reduction and internal fixation remains the gold standard treatment modality.
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INTRODUCTION: Lignocaine with epinephrine as local anesthetic (LA) provides hemostasis and decreases the risk of systemic toxicity. The purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the response of lignocaine with and without epinephrine to evaluate hemodynamic and metabolic response in normotensive and type II controlled diabetic patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 50 patients (25 healthy and 25 controlled type II diabetics) undergoing multiple tooth extractions (age group of 20-80 years) were included in this prospective, randomised, clinical study. On their first visit, the patients were given 2% lignocaine HCl with 1:200,000 epinephrine, and 2% lignocaine HCl was given on the second visit, to carry out tooth extractions. Blood pressure (BP), pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and blood glucose estimations were done at definite intervals (before, immediately after, and 20 min after the administration of LA) on both the visits. RESULTS: The increase in blood glucose concentration following the administration of 2% lignocaine HCl with 1:200,000 epinephrine was statistically significant (P < 0.05) in controlled diabetic patients. Statistically significant variability in diastolic BP (DBP) was also noted in controlled diabetic patients. Both systolic BP and DBPs were statistically significantly elevated after the administration of 2% lignocaine HCl. CONCLUSION: 2% lignocaine HCl with 1:200,000 epinephrine in type II diabetics and 2% lignocaine HCl should be used with caution in normotensive as well as type II controlled diabetic patients.
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Descrever a eficiência da cirurgia ortognática em pacientes com síndrome da apnéia obstrutiva do sono. Método: pesquisa da literatura sobre o tema, em base de dados PUBMED/MEDLINE. Discussão e considerações finais: Sindrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono é uma doença preocupante causada pelo colapso das vias aéreas superiores durante o sono. Resultada influência dos ossos da face e estruturas relacionadas a eles no desenvolvimento desta síndrome, o cirurgião buco-maxilo-facial desempenha um importante papel na identificação do paciente que necessita ser acompanhado por especialistas em doenças do sono e no tratamento destes pacientes em determinados casos. Tratamentos não cirúrgicos convencionais podem ser inaceitáveis ou intoleráveis por alguns pacientes. Nestas situações, o avanço maxilomandibularque é eficaz no tratamento de pacientes com apnéia obstrutiva do sono moderada ou grave, pode ser uma opção viável.
The study aim was to describe the effectiveness of the orthognatic surgery in patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Method: bibliography search on PUBMED/MEDLINE. Discussion and final considerations: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)is a lifethreatening disease that is caused by the collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Because the jaws and related structures influence the development of this syndrome, oral and maxillofacial surgeons play an important role in both identifying patients who should be assessed by sleepspecialists and instituting treatment in selected cases. Conventional nonsurgical treatment options may be unacceptable or intolerable to some patients. In these situations, Maxillomandibular advancement is very effective in treating patients with moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea and may be a viable option.
