[Na+ and K+ permeability of erythrocyte membranes and their phospholipid composition in hypertension patients]. / Pronitsaemost' membran éritrotsitov dlia Na+ i K+ i ikh fosfolipidnyi sostav u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The aim of investigation is to study and to compare simultaneously the data of erythrocyte membrane permeability (by Garay and Meyer method, 1979) with the number of the basic phospholipid (method of thin-layer chromatography) in the patients with essential hypertension (EH). 10 patients with EH and 8 healthy subjects (middle age 37 years) male were studied. The general phosphor and the following phospholipids of the erythrocyte membranes were studied: lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomicin, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatide acids. The quantities were expressed in mkgP/10 erythr. Data comparisons gave us a possibility to establish that the reduction of the relation of flux rate Na+ and K+ in erythrocytes in the patients with EH (1.84 +/- 0.35) in comparison with healthy subjects (3.63 +/- 0.48) is correlated with the general phosphor (P < 0.01) and phospholipid fraction (P < 0.01) reduction.

[Erythrocyte membrane permeability to monovalent ions of sodium and potassium in adolescents with essential arterial hypertension and renal hypertension]. / Pronitsaemost' membran éritrotsitov dlia odnovalentnykh ionov natriia i kaliia u podrostkov s essentsial'noi arterial'noi gipertenziei i gipertenziei pochechnogo geneza.

In healthy adolescents, patients with essential hypertension (EH) or symptomatic (renal) hypertension (SRH), erythrocyte electrolyte composition and membrane permeability were studied for Na+ and K+ (as an example Na+ and K+ current rates being studied by the Garay and Meyer method, 1979). Study into the erythrocyte Na+ and K+ concentrations in adolescents demonstrated that those having EH exhibited higher Na+ concentrations than in healthy ones. The adolescents with EH showed abnormal erythrocyte membrane permeability that appeared as changed Na+ and K+ current rates. Such changes were not detected in the erythrocytes of adolescents with SRH. The results of the study into erythrocyte membrane permeability in healthy adolescents and patients with EH or SRH confirm the fact that this index may be used as an additional test for differential diagnosis of EH and SRH.

[Erythrocyte membrane permeability for univalent cations (Na+, K+) and their transformation in patients with hypertension and symptomatic (renal) hypertension]. / Pronitsaemost' membran éritrotsitov dlia odnovalentnykh kationov (Na+, K+) i ikh transformatsiia u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu i simptomaticheskoi (pochechnoi) gipertenziei.

The form and surface architectonic of erythrocytes studied in 18 teenagers and men with hypertensive disease of I stage (HD) and in 7 men with symptomatic (renal) hypertension (SH). Simultaneously permeability of erythrocyte membranes for Na+ and K+ was studies. The change in the form and surface architectonics was found in the erythrocytes of the patients with hypertensive disease, I stage. The same was true for the patients with renal hypertension but the difference was not so prominent. Rapid shift of correlation of erythrocyte morphological varieties has been revealed during the study of Na+ and K+ ions' transport rate after the treatment by p-chloromercuribenzoate acid. Increase of irreversible transformation of erythrocytes was discovered in patients with HD. Besides in some cases there was decrease in the size of echinocytes. The transformation of erythrocytes into echinocytes is more prominent in healthy subjects and in patients with SH. Our data suggest that the change in erythrocyte form is related to the change of erythrocyte membrane permeability to Na+ and K+ ions and the alteration of membrane structure is the basis for these disturbances.

[Characteristics of the Na+-K+-cotransport system in the erythrocyte membrane of patients with hypertension and symptomatic (renal) hypertension]. / Osobennost' sistemy Na+-K+-kotransporta v membrane éritrotsitov u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu i simptomaticheskoi (pochechnoi) gipertenziei.

The data on erythrocyte membrane permeability for Na and K ions, obtained in the studies of Na+-K+ cotransport in erythrocytes of 38 patients with essential hypertension, stage I and II, 9 patients with borderline hypertension and 12 patients with symptomatic (renal) hypertension are reviewed. The data demonstrate that Na+-K+ cotransport in Na+ loaded and K+-depleted erythrocytes under the effect of P-chlormercuribenzoate was considerably reduced in patients with essential hypertension and borderline hypertension than in the control group. No deviations from the normal Na+-K+ cotransport were observed in renal hypertension. Disturbances of erythrocyte membrane permeability have been also revealed in practically healthy subjects (15 cases) with family history of hypertension.

[Effect of 24-hour intravenous administration of nitroglycerin on the status of the focus of a lesion in patients with an acute myocardial infarct]. / Vliianie 24-chasovogo vnutrivennogo vvedeniia nitroglitserina na sostoianie ochaga porazheniia u bol'nykh ostrym infarktom miokarda.

Nitroglycerin was drip-infused for 24 hours to 35 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Thirty-three patients were taken as controls. Intergroup comparisons were made of the patterns of precordial cartograms from 35 leads and serial measurements of plasma MB CPK activity. The treatment was shown to reduce significantly the activity of MB CPK and total ST elevation, the effect being particularly pronounced with the drug administered within the first 6 hours of the attack. It was also shown that 24-hour intravenous nitroglycerin infusion produced a significant decrease in the end diastolic pressure of the pulmonary artery that occurred by the 15th minute and persisted till the end of the administration.

[Haptoglobin phenotype distribution in patients at high risk of developing myocardial infarct]. / Raspredelenie fenotipov gaptoglobina u bol'nykh s vysokim riskom razvitiia infarkta miokarda.

Haptoglobin (Hp) phenotyping was carried out in patients at risk for myocardial infarction. A highly significant increase in the incidence of the phenotype Hp 2-2 was demonstrated in the high-risk group, as compared to a group of normal subjects.

[Computer analysis of the ECG during physical exercise]. / Komp'iuternyi analiz EKG pri fizicheskoi nagruzke.

Treadmill tests were performed in one hundred men below 60, with computerized assessment of their ECG data. Reduced R wave amplitude from lead V5 at maximum exercise was only noted in subjects showing no electrocardiographic evidence of ischemia. Increased R wave from lead V5 was regarded as cardiac dysfunction in response to exercise, which, in the presence of ischemic ECG changes, preceded the development of pathologic ST depression. A negative T wave from leads III and aVF on resting ECG did not correlate with abnormal exercise test results. Ventricular arrhythmias were more common in subjects with non-ischemic ECG changes during exercise.

[Myocardial contractile function and systemic hemodynamics in hypertensive crises]. / Sokratitel'naia funktsiia miokarda i sistemnaia gemodinamika pri gipertonicheskikh krizakh.

The main parameters of central hemodynamics and myocardial contractile function were studied according to the results of the phase analysis of left-ventricular systole in 74 patients with stable stage hypertensive disease during a crisis increase of pressure. It was established that during a crisis increase of pressure, structural changes occur in central hemodynamics, whereas the value of the cardiac output varies within wide limits and the peripheral resistance is obviously increased in all cases. The maximum mobilization of compensatory and reserve possibilities is manifested in intensified inotropic function of the myocardium which contributes to the maintenance of the pumping function and circulation at a level close to normal.

[Combined use of psychological and physical loading tests in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease]. / Kompleksnoe primenenie psikhologicheskogo i fizicheskogo nagruzochnykh testov v diagnostike ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Reactions of heart ectopic activity in psychological exercise were similar to those in bicycle ergometry, but the values of pulse and arterial pressure increase were lower. The advantages of the psychological exercise test in detecting disorders of cardiac rhythm in patients, particularly in those hypersensitive to psychogenic effects, is noted. The importance of using psychological exercises in patients with high tolerance to physical exercises, by means of which latent forms of arrhythmias cannot always be detected, is pointed out.

[Anti-angina effectiveness of sustak and obzidan in the acute period of myocardial infarct]. / Antianginal'naia éffektivnost' sustaka i obzidana v ostrom periode infarkta miokarda.

Sustak and obsidan were given separately and in combination to 99 patients with acute myocardial infarction and frequent attacks of angina pectoris. With the use of these agents the attacks of angina pectoris were very rare. The course of the disease and the prognosis were more favourable in the group of patients treated with anti-anginal agents than in the control group (100 patients).

[Clinical aspects of hypertensive crises]. / O klinike gipertonicheskikh krizov.

Hypertensive crises were studied in 80 patients. In severe cases the ECG provided evidence of systolic overloading of the left ventricle with intensification of coronary circulation and development of acute myocardial ischemia. Phase analysis showed prolongation of the mechanical systole with increase of the myocardial index. In more complicated cases there was a more evident hypodynamic syndrome with marked myocardial insufficiency. Hemodynamic disturbance were marked by a sharply increased peripheral resistance with a heterogenous reaction of the cardiac output. Blood supply to the cerebral tissue reduced sharply with an increase in the resistance of cerebral vessels. Renin activity was directly related to the severity of the crisis. A sharp onset of cerebral and cardiac ischemia was marked by changes in the antigen albumin. Timely diagnosis and differentiated treatment made it possible to avoid vascular complications in hypertensive crisis.

[Study of ectopic cardiac activity under the effect of psychological stress]. / Izuchenie éktopicheskoi aktivnosti serdtsa pod vliianiem psikhologicheskoi nagruzki.

Mental and emotional load consisting of several psychological tests was used in 35 patients with ischemic heart disease to disclose hazardous and latent forms of disorders of cardiac rhythm as possible forewarning of sudden death and to study the role of the psychological factor and stress situation in their origin. The reaction of extopic myocardial activity to the load proved different. In distinction to patients with functional cardiovascular disorders, patients with organic affections of the myocardium responded to the load by the appearance of extrasystoles during the load or by their greated frequency. In patients with functional cardiovascular disorders there was mostly a decrease in the number of initial extrasystoles and in some cases their total disappearance.

[Use of inderal for the treatment of different forms of arterial hypertension]. / Primenenie inderala pri lechenii raznykh form arterial'noi gipertonii

Results are presented on the treatment with Inderal of 57 patients with essential hypertension and symptomatic renal hypertension in whom the changes in central and renal haemodynamics were carefully traced. In all the patients with renal hypertension (chronic pyelonephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis) the function of the kidneys was adequate. Inderal when used in a daily dose of 120--160 mg produces a hypotensive effect in patients with stage IB and IIA essential hypertension with unstable symptomatic renal hypertension who have a predominantly hyperkinetic type of the circulation. In such cases the haemodynamic changes manifest themselves in a considerable reduction of the cardiac output at the expense of a slower pulse rate and decreased stroke volume; the total peripheral resistance was moderately elevated. In patients with stage IIB of essential hypertension and in those with persistent and severe symptomatic renal hypertension the hypotensive effect of Inderal given in a daily dose of 480 mg and sometimes even higher was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the total peripheral resistance and a moderate reduction of the cardiac output and cardiac index at the expense of a slower pulse rate.