[Diagnosis and importance of the opportunistic herpes-virus infection in etiology and pathogenesis of different eye diseases]. / Gerpesvirusnaia infektsiia v étiopatogeneze razlichnykh zabolevanii glaz.

A total of 439 patients (adults--184, children--255) with herpetic keratitis as well as with uveitis and choriorenitis of different geneses and localizations were examined. An aggravation of HSV-infection was determined by detecting, in the blood), anti-bodies to the unstructured early viral antigens by using the immune enzyme analysis (IEA). The efficiency of the test was demonstrated during the examination of patients with different ophthalmic pathologies. An active infection was detected in 16-39% of patients with various ocular diseases of non-herpetic etiology. The pathogenetic value of reactivated HSV infection is diverse: it can function as an etiological or trigger factor and it can aggravate the main disease through causing, postoperatively, complications.

[Prevalence and clinical significance of active cytomegalovirus infection in patients with inflammatory ophthalmopathy]. / Rasprostranennost' i klinicheskoe znachenie aktivnoi tsitomegalovirusnoi infektsii u bol'nykh s oftal'mopatologiei vospalitel'nogo kharaktera.

A total of 374 patients with different inflammatory diseases of the eyes were examined (227 children and 147 adults). For detecting active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, sera were tested for antibodies to nonstructural intact CMV proteins. Antibodies were detected in 26 of 147 adults (17.7%) and 15 of 227 children (6.6%). Difference in the frequency of detection of active CMV infection in adults and children is statistically significant (p < 0.01). Three groups of patients with active CMV were distinguished: children with congenital diseases, immunocompromised patients, and the most numerous group of patients with isolated ocular diseases without manifest signs of immunodepression. In this latter group active CMV was detected in patients with different clinical diagnoses, including ophthalmic herpes. Russian commercial enzyme immunoassay kit CMV-Control proved to be a highly sensitive, simple, and cheap test for the diagnosis of exacerbations of chronic CMV infection.

[Therapy of stromal herpetic keratitis with a new immunomodulator likopide]. / Novyí immunomoduliator likopid (GMDP) v lechenii gerpeticheskikh stromal'nykh keratitov.

Likopide (N-acetylglucosamine-(beta 1-4)-N-acetylmuramyl-alanyl-D-isoglutamine) is a synthetic analog of muramylpeptides, characterized by immunomodulating properties and increasing the nonspecific resistance to infections. Seventy patients with ophthalmic herpes were examined, 35 of these were treated with likopide and 35 were administered placebo. Fifty-two of these suffered from stromal keratitis with ulceration and 18 had no ulcers. The trials were carried out by the double blind test with placebo. Likopide was administered orally in 10 mg tablets twice daily according to the following protocol: 3 days of treatment, 3-day interval, and 3-day treatment. All the patients were administered local specific (acyclovir ointment) and general symptomatic therapy. Immunological studies were carried out before and after therapy. Clinical assessment showed a reliably high therapeutic efficacy of likopide, its total value (excellent and good results) being as high as 88.5%. The mean duration of therapy with likopide was 11.4 +/- 0.4 days versus 15.2 +/- 0.9 days in the placebo group. Judging by the recovery criteria (arrest of inflammation, epithelization of the cornea, resorption of corneal infiltration and edema, resorption of iritis) likopide reliably accelerated healing and ensured a higher increase of vision acuity. Likopide reliably decreased the rate of detection of herpes simplex virus antigen in the involved eye conjunctiva in comparison with the placebo group patients (97.1% of negative cases versus 60%). The drug was well tolerated by the patients, no side effects were observed. Skin allergic tests with likopide showed no drug allergies.

[Rengasil (pirprofen) in the treatment of inflammatory eye diseases]. / Rengazil (pirprofen) v lechenii vospalitel'nykh zabolevanii glaz.

The paper describes the method and results of using a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory preparation RENGAZYL in a complex treatment of severe forms of ophthalmic herpes-keratitis with ulcerations. Comparative clinical studies included 81 patients divided into 3 groups. The complex treatment used preparations of antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antiedematous, hypotensive, desensitizing and vitamin therapy. In group 1 (28 patients) rengazyl in capsules was used, in group 2 (24 patients)--intramuscular injections of rengazyl. In group 3 (29 patients) indometacine in pills was used. The clinical results obtained have shown that rengazyl in a form of intramuscular injections possesses expressed anti-inflammatory action in case of the most severe forms of ophthalmic herpes. Besides this, rengazyl possesses analgetic action that makes it more preferable in treatment of inflammations of the choroid accompanied by a pronounced algesic syndrome.

[Main proteolytic inhibitors in ocular herpes]. / Osnovnye ingibitory prpoteoliza pri oftal'mogerpese.

Alterations in content of main inhibitors of proteolysis alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin as well as activity of neutral proteases in blood serum were studied in herpetic impairment of human and rabbit retina. Unspecific protective reaction of the blood proteolytic inhibitors developed in ophthalmoherpes. In the acute period of the disease content of alpha 1-antitrypsin was increased and the content of alpha 2-macroglobulin was decreased. Slow development of the disease was observed when the content of alpha 1-antitrypsin was decreased at the period of acute inflammation. Estimation of proteolytic inhibitors might serve as an useful test for characteristics and prognosis of herpetic keratitis.