ABSTRACT
Results of the examination of young girls (13-17 years of age) who came to consult a doctor for different complaints of the state of their mammary glands are described. Age-dependent peculiarities of the mammary gland tissue in this category of patients imply the thorough preoperative examination. The ultrasonic investigation of the mammary gland is the method of choice. Fibroadenoma was diagnosed in 50 patients, fibrocystic mastopathy in 27, mastopathia cystica in 81, mastitis and other diseases in 5 patients. In 54 patients no pathology of the mammary glands was revealed. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients operated upon is given: a control group (25) with the operations in the volume of a classical sectoral resection and a main group (25) with a sectoral resection performed by a modified method. In the control group the cosmetic effect after the traditional sectoral resection was estimated as dissatisfactory in 76%: there were signs of keloidization of the scar, hypertrophic scar with pigmentation. In the majority of patients there was an atrophic scar with a pronounced deficiency of the volume of the mammary gland and its asymmetry. In the main group patients the complete absence of the signs of postoperative scar was noted in 16 (64%) patients. They were operated on by the modified method (periareolar resection). A conclusion is made that when the operation is thought to be inevitable, the low degree of risk of breast cancer requires a transformation of the surgical strategy towards the reduction of the volume of ablated tissues and employment of modified variants of surgery resulting in the maximum cosmetic effect.
