ABSTRACT
The role of the glutamate receptor GluR3 in Rasmussen's encephalitis is actively under investigation. Autoimmune processes with this receptor as the target are currently theorized. We provide an additional case of pathologically proved Rasmussen's encephalitis (with concomitant cortical dysplasia) in the presence of antibodies against the GluR3 receptor.
Subject(s)
Autoimmune Diseases/physiopathology , Cerebral Cortex/abnormalities , Encephalitis/physiopathology , Epilepsies, Partial/physiopathology , Receptors, Glutamate/physiology , Autoimmune Diseases/epidemiology , Autoimmune Diseases/pathology , Cerebral Cortex/pathology , Child, Preschool , Comorbidity , Encephalitis/epidemiology , Encephalitis/pathology , Epilepsies, Partial/epidemiology , Epilepsies, Partial/immunology , Female , Humans , Nervous System Malformations/epidemiology , Nervous System Malformations/pathology , Nervous System Malformations/physiopathology , Receptors, Glutamate/immunologyABSTRACT
The extent to which the earliest anatomically modern humans in Africa exhibited behavioral and cognitive traits typical of Homo sapiens sapiens is controversial. In eastern Zaire, archaeological sites with bone points have yielded dates older than 89(-15)+22 thousand years ago by several techniques. These include electron spin resonance, thermoluminescence, optically stimulated luminescence, uranium series, and amino acid racemization. Faunal and stratigraphic data are consistent with this age.