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1.
J Assist Reprod Genet ; 40(11): 2513-2522, 2023 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37726586

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Endometrial compaction (EC) is defined as the difference in endometrial thickness from the end of the follicular phase to the day of embryo transfer (ET). We aimed to determine the role of EC in predicting assisted reproductive technology (ART) success by conducting a meta-analysis of studies reporting the association between EC and clinical outcomes of ART. METHODS: MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched from the date of inception to May 19, 2023. The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR) per ET. Secondary outcomes were live birth or ongoing pregnancy per ET, ongoing pregnancy per ET, clinical pregnancy per ET, and miscarriage per clinical pregnancy. RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included. When data from all studies reporting live birth were pooled, overall LBR rates were comparable in cycles showing EC or not [RR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.92 to 1.02; 10 studies, 11,710 transfer cycles]. In a subgroup of studies that included euploid ET cycles, a similar LBR for patients with and without EC was noted [RR = 0.99, 95%CI = 0.86 to 1.13, 4 studies, 1172 cycles]. The miscarriage rate did not seem to be affected by the presence or absence of EC [RR = 1.06, 95%CI = 0.90 to 1.24; 12 studies]. CONCLUSION: The predictive value of EC in determining LBR is limited, and assessment of EC may no longer be necessary, given these findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42023410389.


Subject(s)
Abortion, Spontaneous , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Birth Rate , Pregnancy Rate , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted , Embryo Transfer , Live Birth/epidemiology
2.
Int Urol Nephrol ; 55(11): 2765-2772, 2023 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37531039

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the obturator nerve block (ONB) on the operation time, duration of hospital stay, complete resection, presence of muscle tissue in the pathology, second resection, recurrence, and progression, when applied in addition to spinal anesthesia in patients with primary bladder lateral wall tumor and Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT) was planned. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy patients with bladder lateral wall tumors were included in the study. In addition, ONB was applied to 35 of the patients who underwent spinal anesthesia. The two groups were compared in terms of obturator reflex development, perforation, complete resection, presence of muscle tissue in pathology samples, need for second resection, need for second resection due to inadequate muscle tissue, and 1 year recurrence and progression rates. RESULTS: When the two groups were compared for obturator reflex and bladder perforation, both were found to be lower in the ONB group (p = 0.002, p = 0.198, respectively). The rate of complete resection and the presence of muscle tissue in the pathology samples were higher in the ONB group (p = 0.045, p = 0.034, respectively). The rates of second resection and second resection due to inadequate muscle tissue were found to be higher in the group without ONB (p = 0.015, p = 0.106, respectively). In the 1-year follow-up, the recurrence rate was significantly lower in the ONB group (p < 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the progression rates (p = 0.106). CONCLUSION: In our study, we found out that ONB applied in addition to spinal anesthesia increases the rate of complete and muscle tissue resection by decreasing the obturator reflex, and causes a significant reduction in the need for second resection and tumor recurrence.


Subject(s)
Nerve Block , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms , Humans , Obturator Nerve/pathology , Transurethral Resection of Bladder , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Urologic Surgical Procedures
3.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 20(2): 369-376, 2017 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28865228

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic importance of coagulation parameters in cattle with natural theileriosis. Nine Holstein cross-breed cattle with theileriosis as infected group and 6 healthy Holstein cattle as control group were used in the present study. Mean fibrinogen level, thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were not statistically different when control and infected groups compared, except for the D-dimer concentration. Quantitative D-dimer concentrations were determined by immune-turbidimetric assay. D-dimer values increased significantly (p<0.05) in infected group (631.55 ± 74.41 µg/L) compared to control group (370.00 ± 59.94 µg/L). D-dimer sensitivity and specificity were also determined at cut-off concentrations (372 µg/L). Sensitivity and specificity of D-dimer values were determined to be 88.89% and 83.33%, respectively. D-dimer is thought to be important indicator in the evaluation of the prognosis in theileriosis cases. Analysis of D-dimer values before and after treatment in controlled case studies were suggested in future studies to enlighten the issue.


Subject(s)
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/veterinary , Theileriasis/blood , Animals , Cattle , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/etiology , Female , Male , Theileriasis/complications , Theileriasis/pathology
4.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(3)2016 Aug 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27706591

ABSTRACT

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common type of neoplasm in European males. Genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to PCa development and progression. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between PCa and polymorphisms in the genes encoding endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), catalase (CAT), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). In total, 193 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups: PCa (78), benign prostate hyperplasia (40), and control males (75). The parameters assessed included body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, presence of prostatism, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, Gleason scores of prostate specimens, as well as polymorphisms in eNOS-G894T, CAT- 262T, and MPO G-463T genes. BMI and smoking status of controls and patient groups showed no significant difference. CAT-262T gene polymorphism was found to be homozygous in 35.4% of PCa patients, which was 4.02-fold that in the controls (P = 0.006). There was no statistically significant difference in eNOS-G894T and MPO G-463T gene polymorphisms between any of the groups. In conclusion, we found catalase levels to be associated with PCa diagnosis and PSA value. We did not find any significant differences between groups for other polymorphisms, but we believe that further studies with a large sample size may be needed before drawing definite conclusions.


Subject(s)
Catalase/genetics , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics , Peroxidase/genetics , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Aged , Genetic Association Studies , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Grading , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Turkey
5.
Ir J Med Sci ; 184(3): 719-21, 2015 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26048644
6.
Andrologia ; 47(1): 37-41, 2015 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24387241

ABSTRACT

Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a parameter that is obtained from an automatic haemogram device during routine blood count and measures platelet reactivity. Increased platelet volume has been considered to be a risk factor for vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the presence of varicocele and the MPV, platelet count (PLT) and platelet distribution width (PDW) values. We included 264 patients with a diagnosis of varicocele in Group 1, and 220 patients with no varicocele in Group 2. The varicocele diagnosis was performed both with physical examination findings and colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDU). Mean platelet volume values were statistically significantly high (P < 0.001) whereas PLT and PDW values were statistically significantly low (P = 0.011), (P = 0.008) in the varicocele group compared with the control group respectively. However, no significant correlation was found between MPV and PDW in patients diagnosed with varicocele and the varicocele grade on examination and spermatic vein diameter on CDU. Mean platelet volume, which is used widely to measure the size of platelets and indicates platelet reactivity, can provide guidance in the investigation of varicocele pathophysiology and the relevant vascular pathologies.


Subject(s)
Mean Platelet Volume , Varicocele/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Child , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Platelet Count , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color , Varicocele/diagnostic imaging , Young Adult
7.
Bratisl Lek Listy ; 112(11): 605-9, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22180984

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible variations in antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte deformability in experimentally induced osteoporosis in female rats and to assess the effects of vitamin C supplementation on those variations. MATERIAL: A total of 20 female Wistar Albino Rats were randomized into the three groups as controls (Group C, n = 6), ovariectomized rats (Group O, n = 7) and ovariectomized rats receiving vitamin C supplementation (Group OVC, n = 7). After the surgical procedure of ovariectomy, group OVC received 1 g ascorbic acid in 500 mL water daily. After 100 days following the ovariectomy, bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: BMD was significantly lower in the group O than in the group C (p = 0.015), whereas it was significantly higher in the group OVC than in the group O (p = 0.003). MDA activity was significantly higher in the group O than in the group C (p = 0.032), whereas it was significantly lower in the group OVC than in the group O (p = 0.025). SOD activity was significantly higher in the group O than in the group C (p = 0.032). Erythrocyte deformability was significantly higher in the group O than in the group C and OVC (p = 0.008, p = 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSION: Erythrocyte deformability may show negative variations, suggesting a causative role in disruption of blood flow and tissue perfusion, which also negatively affect bone metabolism. Vitamin C supplementation seems to reverse those negative effects of variations in erythrocyte deformability. However, our preliminary results should be confirmed in more experimental studies and clinical trials (Tab. 3, Ref. 28).


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Erythrocyte Deformability/drug effects , Osteoporosis/blood , Animals , Bone Density/drug effects , Female , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Ovariectomy , Rats , Rats, Wistar
8.
J Psychopharmacol ; 23(2): 163-7, 2009 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18515450

ABSTRACT

Patients with depression have increases risk of cardiac mortality. Overdose with venlafaxine has been accused of supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and other cardiac effects. Discontinuous and inhomogeneous propagation of sinus impulses in atrium plays a major role in atrial fibrillation. We aimed to measure the effects of venlafaxine therapy on propagation of sinus impulses reflections in electrocardiography in depression. Eligible 19 participants were outpatients with depression. 75 mg/day dose of venlafaxine was administered to the patients. The patients were asked to complete both Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. 17 healthy participants enrolled in the study. The electrocardiography records were obtained while patients were drug naive and one week after treatment. The baseline durations of P(minimum) and P(maximum) in the patient group were significantly shorter than controls (p < 0,05). The differences between baseline and after venlafaxine therapy among electrocardiographical variables were statistically insignificant. There were no significant correlations between age, sex, body mass index, clinical inventories and electrocardiographical variables in both patients and controls. Autonomic dysregulation in myocardium is still inconclusive in depression. Venlafaxine at therapeutic dose of 75 mg/day does not seem to be associated with myocardial conduction dysregulation.


Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/pharmacology , Atrial Function/drug effects , Cyclohexanols/pharmacology , Depressive Disorder/physiopathology , Heart Conduction System/drug effects , Adult , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/administration & dosage , Cyclohexanols/administration & dosage , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Atria/physiopathology , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Venlafaxine Hydrochloride
9.
Int J Clin Pract ; 60(11): 1502-5, 2006 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16669838

ABSTRACT

Brucellosis is a common zoonosis which still remains as a major health problem in certain parts of the world. Osteoarticular involvement is the most frequent complication of brucellosis, in which the diagnosis of brucellar spondylodiscitis is often difficult since the clinical presentation may be obscured by many other conditions. Herein, we reported an uncommon case of spondylodiscitis due to brucella in an elderly male who had diabetes mellitus and degenerative spinal disease as underlying conditions. The diagnosis was established by using magnetic resonance imaging after the brucella-agglutination test was found to be positive. The diagnosis was also confirmed by positive blood culture. A high degree of suspicion in the diagnosis of brucellar spondylitis is essential to reduce the delay for the treatment. Thus, it should be essentially included in the differential diagnosis of longstanding back pain particularly in regions where brucellosis is endemic. Screening serologic tests for brucella should be used more widely in cases with low index of suspicion, especially in endemic areas.


Subject(s)
Brucellosis/diagnosis , Discitis/microbiology , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Brucella/isolation & purification , Brucellosis/drug therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Discitis/drug therapy , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Rifampin/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
10.
Scand J Infect Dis ; 37(11-12): 942-3, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16308240

ABSTRACT

Eristalis tenax, belonging to order Diptera, family Syrphidae seldomly causes intestinal myiasis. Urinary myiasis caused by Eristalis tenax larvae is a rare manifestation found in both humans and other vertebrate animals. We report a 58-y-old woman presented with painful mixing and bilateral costo-lumbar pain. The larva in her urine sample was identified as Eristalis tenax related to its typical morphology.


Subject(s)
Diptera/pathogenicity , Myiasis/etiology , Urinary Tract Infections/etiology , Animals , Female , Humans , Larva/pathogenicity , Middle Aged , Myiasis/parasitology , Turkey , Urinary Tract Infections/parasitology , Water/parasitology , Water Supply
11.
Child Care Health Dev ; 31(6): 719-25, 2005 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16207230

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common causes of disability in childhood leading to functional limitations. Assessment of the functional limitations is important to determine the severity of the disability in CP and to evaluate the benefit of the rehabilitation programme. However, the results of the measurements show variations according to different sociocultural characteristics. The Functional Independence Measure of Children (WeeFIM) had not been studied in Turkish children previously. The aims of this study were to evaluate the functional disability of Turkish children with CP by using WeeFIM and to compare the results with those of healthy counterparts. METHODS: A total of 86 children aged 24 months to 120 months were included in the study. Forty-five children with CP and 41 healthy children representing the controls were evaluated with WeeFIM. Both children with CP and healthy controls were categorized into four groups according to their chronological age. The variations in the WeeFIM subsets scores (self-care, sphincter control, transfers and locomotion, communication and social cognition) and total WeeFIM scores in children with CP and healthy controls were analysed. RESULTS: The children with CP had lower WeeFIM scores than healthy controls. The sphincter control subset scores of children with CP increased as they grew up. There was no statistically significant difference in all WeeFIM subset scores and the total WeeFIM scores among the four age groups of children with CP. CONCLUSION: The WeeFIM appears to be a useful instrument for measuring the disability of Turkish children with CP. However, studies with wider series are needed to generalize our results.


Subject(s)
Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology , Disability Evaluation , Activities of Daily Living , Age Distribution , Anal Canal/physiopathology , Cerebral Palsy/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cognition , Communication , Female , Humans , Locomotion/physiology , Male , Self Care , Turkey/epidemiology
12.
Arch Androl ; 51(3): 177-84, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16025856

ABSTRACT

Seventy-six of 108 random men aged 50 years or over were evaluated for erectile dysfunction with interviews of patients using the International Index of Erectile Function Form and minimal evaluation. Serum hormone concentrations were measured. Bone mineral density was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Hormone levels did not show significance in terms of erectile dysfunction or bone mineral density results. Erectile dysfunction was determined in 57 (75%) of 76 patients. Ten (13.2%) patients had osteoporosis and 45 (59.2%) had osteopenia at the bone mineral density measurements. The distribution of bone mineral density groups relating to erectile dysfunction did not show significance. The frequencies of osteoporosis and erectile dysfunction increased with age, but the association of these conditions seems to be independent of each other and hormonal changes appear not to be the major determinants for both conditions in elderly men.


Subject(s)
Erectile Dysfunction/complications , Osteoporosis/complications , Absorptiometry, Photon , Aged , Bone Density , Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate/blood , Erectile Dysfunction/metabolism , Erectile Dysfunction/pathology , Femur Neck/diagnostic imaging , Femur Neck/metabolism , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Humans , Interviews as Topic , Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Lumbar Vertebrae/metabolism , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Osteoporosis/metabolism , Osteoporosis/pathology , Testosterone/blood
14.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 92(1): 55-60, 2003 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12721404

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental antioxidant vitamins and minerals on the erythrocyte concentrations of zinc and copper in rabbits after exposure to X-rays. The animals were divided into two experimental and one control group (CG). The first group (VG) was given daily oral doses of vitamins E and C; supplemental amounts of manganese, zinc, and copper were mixed with the feed and given to the second group of experimental animals (MG). Blood samples were taken from all groups before and after 4 wk of vitamin and mineral administration and after irradiation with a total dose of 550-rad X-rays. The administration of minerals caused the most significant increases of Zn and Cu. Even after irradiation, the zinc levels in the irradiated animals were higher than in the nonirradiated vitamin-supplemented animals (p<0.05). The results suggest that supplementation with antioxidant vitamins and minerals may have a protective effect against X-ray-induced damage.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Copper/blood , Erythrocytes/drug effects , Erythrocytes/radiation effects , Zinc/blood , Animals , Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Manganese/blood , Rabbits , Vitamin E/pharmacology , X-Rays
15.
Am J Cardiol ; 88(6): 601-7, 2001 Sep 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11564380

ABSTRACT

C-reactive protein (CRP) has been recognized as a useful marker for coronary or cardiovascular risk in healthy subjects or patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in industrialized societies. We assessed whether CRP could serve as a marker of prevalent CHD risk in a cross-sectional study of a population with low cholesterol levels (4.61 mmol/L in men and 4.82 mmol/L in women) but higher prevalence of other risk factors. In 1,046 participants of the Turkish Adult Risk Factor Survey in 2000, high-sensitivity CRP as well as other risk variables were evaluated, and CHD was diagnosed, based on clinical findings and Minnesota coding of electrocardiograms at rest. Almost an equal number of men and women > or = 30 years of age constituted the population sample of the western regions of Turkey. Geometric mean value of CRP was 1.9 mg/L (interquartile range 0.8 to 4.3), without revealing a significant difference in gender. CRP was correlated with many variables, notably those involving central obesity, fibrinogen, and apolipoprotein-B, but not with smoking status (regardless of age adjustment). In multiple regression models, blood fibrinogen, waist circumference, total cholesterol, and physical activity grade were independently associated with log CRP concentrations. Among many risk variables, CRP quartiles and systolic blood pressure were, besides age and gender, the only significant independent determinants of CHD. The age-adjusted odds ratio for CHD in the highest as opposed to the lowest quartile was 4.48 (p < 0.001). Even after adjustment for the 5 previously mentioned determinants of CRP, a 4.2-fold increased risk of CHD still persisted between the highest and lowest quartiles. Thus, the observed increased risk was not in large part due to the intermediary effects of fibrinogen, nor were some indicators of insulin resistance, but interaction appeared to be independent of these effects. Thus, CRP values serve as a marker of prevalent CHD risk in populations with low cholesterol levels. This association is independent of, or in addition to, the effects of conventional risk factors, suggesting that the contribution of chronic low-grade inflammation to the atherothrombotic process is present even in the setting of low cholesterol levels.


Subject(s)
C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Biomarkers , Body Mass Index , Cohort Studies , Coronary Disease/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Fibrinogen/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Turkey/epidemiology
16.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis ; 22(1): 1-13, 1999 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10099024

ABSTRACT

In the present study peripheral blod mononuclear cells (MNC) obtained from normal uninfected lambs were used to study the possible effects of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) on lymphocyte responses to the mitogens, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) in vitro. Live BRSV had a depressive effect on the proliferative responses of normal MNC to PHA, Con A and PWM. Inactivated BRSV and a commercial preparation of prostaglandin E2 were also found to depress the proliferative responses of normal ovine MNC to PHA but recombinant tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) had no such effect. Serum samples obtained from BRSV-infected lambs contained substances inhibitory to PHA-driven lymphocyte blastogenesis. Memory blastogenic responses to border disease virus (BDV) of lymyphocytes obtained from lambs previously primed with BDV were significantly reduced when lymphocytes were exposed to infectious BRSV.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/pharmacology , Lymphocyte Activation , Lymphocytes/immunology , Mitogens/pharmacology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Animals , Border disease virus/immunology , Cattle , Cells, Cultured , Concanavalin A/pharmacology , Dinoprostone/pharmacology , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology , Pokeweed Mitogens/pharmacology , Sheep , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
17.
Vaccine ; 16(11-12): 1172-8, 1998 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9682376

ABSTRACT

The lamb model was used to investigate the possible protective effects of vaccination with inactivated viral antigens against experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Two groups of eight lambs were vaccinated with either glutaraldehyde-inactivated cell-associated virus or heat-inactivated cell-free virus and subsequently challenged with live virus, along with a group of naive lambs. The virus was shed for significantly longer periods, and the virus titres in nasal secretions were significantly higher in the group of naive lambs than in the two groups of vaccinated lambs. The period of virus-shedding in nasal secretions and virus titres was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in the group of lambs immunized with the cell-associated preparation. The same antigen stimulated better cellular immune responses as measured by virus-specific cytotoxicity or by virus-specific lymphocyte proliferation. However, priming with inactivated vaccines had no significant effect on lymphocyte responses to phytohaemagglutinin, which was found to be significantly reduced (p < 0.01) following challenge with live virus.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/prevention & control , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Vaccination/methods , Vaccines, Inactivated , Animals , Cell-Free System , Fixatives , Glutaral , Hot Temperature , Lymphocyte Activation , Male , Phytohemagglutinins , Sheep , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology , Virus Shedding
18.
J Comp Pathol ; 118(4): 337-45, 1998 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9651810

ABSTRACT

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) depressed the proliferative reactivity of normal ovine peripheral blood lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). This BRSV-induced reduction in proliferative reactivity was not reversed or ameliorated by the addition of (1) indomethacin or flunixin meglumine, substances known to inhibit the production of prostaglandins, or (2) the cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), or (3) rat growth factor. The results suggest that the suppression of ovine lymphocyte reactivity to PHA associated with BRSV was not caused by the release of cyclooxygenase products such as prostaglandins, or the production of inhibitors of IL-1 or IL-2.


Subject(s)
Immune Tolerance , Lymphocyte Activation , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/veterinary , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/immunology , Sheep Diseases/immunology , Sheep , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Animals , Cell Division/drug effects , Clonixin/analogs & derivatives , Clonixin/pharmacology , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Cytokines/pharmacology , Dinoprostone/metabolism , Escherichia coli , Indomethacin/pharmacology , Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology , Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects , Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology , Prostaglandin Antagonists/pharmacology , Recombinant Proteins , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/immunology , Sheep Diseases/virology , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
19.
J Comp Pathol ; 118(4): 347-57, 1998 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9651811

ABSTRACT

Human respiratory syncytial virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) suppress lymphocyte responses to mitogens. In the present study, the possible effects of BRSV on some functions of antigen-presenting cells (APC) were investigated by exposing ovine monocytic cells to the virus before their use as APC. The depletion of monocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells resulted in the near total abrogation of proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). Reactivity was restored by the addition of homologous monocytic cells derived from ovine peripheral blood monocytes as APC. The exposure of these monocytic cells to BRSV for 48 h before their use as APC significantly reduced the proliferative responses of uninfected ovine lymphocytes to PHA. Furthermore, the exposure of bovine peripheral blood monocytes and bovine and ovine monocytic cell lines to BRSV for 48 h reduced their capacity to phagocytize latex beads.


Subject(s)
Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology , Monocytes/virology , Phagocytosis/immunology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/physiology , Animals , Cattle , Cell Division , Cell Line , Lymphocyte Activation/immunology , Lymphocyte Depletion , Monocytes/drug effects , Monocytes/immunology , Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology , Sheep
20.
Vet Microbiol ; 61(4): 237-48, 1998 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9646474

ABSTRACT

The present study compared the replication of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) in bovine and ovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells, ovine and bovine monocytic cell lines and ovine alveolar macrophages. Low titres of virus were detected in ovine and bovine lymphocytes and monocytes 24-96 h post-exposure to the virus but there was no apparent replication of the virus in ovine alveolar macrophages during the culture period. The virus replicated to higher but statistically insignificant titres in ovine and bovine peripheral blood monocytes than in lymphocytes, with lymphocytes yielding peak titres significantly earlier. The secondary cell lines obtained from ovine liver and bone marrow also supported the replication of BRSV to high titres. The titres of BRSV in ovine and bovine lymphocytes and monocytes were significantly lower than in secondary cell lines. The addition of human recombinant tumour necrosis factor alpha after exposure to the virus or pre-incubation of ovine or bovine monocytic cells with either human recombinant interleukin 2 or phorbol myristate acetate before exposure to BRSV, did not significantly affect virus titre. Pre-incubation of cells with indomethacin or actinomycin significantly lowered virus titre (p < 0.05).


Subject(s)
Leukocytes, Mononuclear/virology , Lymphocytes/virology , Macrophages, Alveolar/virology , Monocytes/virology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/physiology , Virus Replication , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Bone Marrow Cells/virology , Cattle , Cell Line , Cells, Cultured , Dactinomycin/pharmacology , Humans , Indomethacin/pharmacology , Interleukin-2/pharmacology , Kinetics , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/cytology , Liver/cytology , Liver/virology , Lymphocytes/cytology , Macrophages, Alveolar/cytology , Monocytes/cytology , Organ Specificity , Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine/drug effects , Sheep , Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology , Virus Replication/drug effects
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