Development and psychometric testing of Perceived Preoperative Nursing Care Competence Scale for Nursing Students (PPreCC-NS).

BACKGROUND: For nurses to carry out their responsibilities related to preoperative care in the best possible way, it is very important for them to receive competency-based training and for their competences to be measured with reliable and valid tools in the training process. OBJECTIVE: To develop a measurement tool that evaluates nursing students' perceived competence for preoperative nursing care. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, methodological study. SETTING: Two universities in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 661 second, third and fourth grade nursing students participated in the study. METHODS: Items were created in line with the nursing competencies published by the International Council of Nurses, the competencies in the perioperative period nursing practices published by the European Operating Room Nurses Association, and a review of the literature. Then, to test the content validity, the items were submitted for expert opinion and a pilot implementation was made with 50 nursing students. Furthermore, the construct validity of the scale was tested with exploratory factor analysis (n = 253) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 350). Test-retest stability was also investigated for the PPreCC-NS (n = 58), in the study. RESULTS: According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.948, and the Bartlett test χ2 was 7765.23; p < 0.001. Three items with a factor loading value below 0.50 were removed from the scale, and the obtained factor structure explained 62.25 % of the variance. The fit indices of the scale model tested in the confirmatory factor analysis were determined as χ2/df = 2.74, RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.92, GFI = 0.88, AGFI = 0.85, IFI = 0.92. The structure of the draft scale was confirmed with 5 factors and 22 items. The Cronbach alpha values were found to be 0.79-0.96 for the sub-dimensions of the scale and 0.94 for the total scale. Data also showed a good test-retest stability (ICC = 0.72). CONCLUSIONS: This scale is a reliable and valid measurement tool for nursing students to determine their level of perceived competence for preoperative nursing care. It is recommended that the psychometric structure of the scale be evaluated with further studies on larger and more diverse samples.

Are nurses innovative or ambidextrous leaders? An evaluation from the perspective of prospective nurses: A structural equation modeling-multiple group analysis.

AIMS: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the innovative and ambidextrous leadership qualities of nurses from the students' perspective with the structural model. BACKGROUND: Nurses with leadership qualities help students become nurses with a leading spirit and be open to innovations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a cross-sectional and correlational study. The sample consisted of 286 nursing students in eastern Turkey. To collect the data, a Descriptive Information Form, the Innovative Leadership Scale, and the Ambidextrous Leadership Scale were used. Structural equation model, multiple group analysis, maximum likelihood estimation, and fit indexes were utilized to evaluate the data. RESULTS: Student nurses reported that the nurses' opening and closing behaviors affected being entrepreneur (ß2 = 0.42; ß2 = 0.24), motivating others (ß2 = 0.45; ß2 = 0.22), being open to new ideas (ß2 = 0.21; ß2 = 0.16), being a changemaker (ß2 = 0.20), and being energetic (ß2 = 0.13) in a positive and meaningful way. According to those who thought they had innovative qualities, the ambidextrous leadership behaviors of nurses significantly affected being entrepreneur, motivating others, and being open to new ideas, which are among innovative leadership behaviors (Z > 1.96; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: As nurses' opening and closing behaviors increased, innovative leader qualities such as being an entrepreneur, being open to new ideas, motivating others, being a changemaker, and being energetic also increased. Innovative students evaluated the leadership qualities of nurses positively. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING EDUCATION: The study contributes to students' recognition and evaluation of leadership and innovation qualities that nurses should have.

Mothers' and children's thoughts on COVID-19: A qualitative study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the thoughts of preschool children and their mothers about COVID-19. DESIGN AND METHODS: This qualitative study was descriptive phenomenology design. Data were collected and analyzed through individual interviews from 26 people (13 mothers and 13 children) using a Personal Information Form and an Interview Form.After the thematic analysis, four main themes were created for the children and their mothers. RESULTS: The main themes created for mothers and children were: "Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic process, Protection, Family relations, Perspective of healthcare staff". The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the physical, psycho-social, and economic health, spirituality and family relationships of mothers. It became evident that children knew the terms related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Children dreamt of activities they missed and stated that at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, they would go to the park, the pool, shopping centers, to school, and on vacation. Most of the mothers and children followed the rules of protection. In addition, mothers and children stated that their perspectives on healthcarestaff changed positively after the pandemic started. CONCLUSIONS: Considering that COVID-19 affects individuals bio-psycho-socially, it is crucial for health professionals to know the thoughts of individuals, families and children about COVID-19 to increase their awareness of potential problems.

Determination of the effects of innovativeness levels of the elderly on their psychological resilience.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the rate at which the individual levels of innovativeness of the elderly explain their psychological resilience. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was conducted with 313 elderly people. The data of the study were collected using the Individual Innovativeness Scale and Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults. FINDINGS: In this study, a significant relationship was found between individual innovativeness and psychological resilience in the elderly. Demographic variables were related to psychological resilience. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Within the scope of these results, increasing the individual innovativeness levels of older adults will enable them to be psychologically more resilient.