[Patient safety culture for health professionals in primary care : French adaptation of the MOSPSC questionnaire (Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture)]. / Culture de sécurité des professionnels de santé en soins primaires : adaptation en langue française du questionnaire MOSPSC (« Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture ¼).

BACKGROUND: Patient safety culture (PSC) takes into account a number of individual and organizational factors. Evaluation of PSC with the participation of primary health care professionals can be carried out through self-administered surveys such as the AHRQ's Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture (MOSPSC) questionnaire. AIM: To translate the MOSPSC questionnaire into French, while analyzing its psychometric properties. METHODS: The MOSPSC questionnaire was first translated into French, with linguistic analysis included, and then back-translated into English, in accordance with the ISPOR recommendations. Lastly, the French version of the MOSPSC questionnaire was completed by health professionals from 36 outpatient structures. Study of the psychometric properties (test-retest, Cronbach's α, and factor analysis) was conducted based on the professionals' responses. RESULTS: After linguistic analysis, the notion of "team" was translated in the final questionnaire as "structure". This term was used in the pilot survey of 415 professionals. The participation rate was 64.1% (266/415); 51.9% (138/415) were paramedics (mainly nurses and physiotherapists). The Cronbach coefficient α inclusive of all dimensions was 0.94. A "reporting of safety incidents" dimension was added, and the "staff training" dimension was merged with "development and standardization of office processes", bringing to 13 the number of dimensions identified after factor analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Having been adapted and validated, the French version of the questionnaire can be used as a tool for assessment of PSC in France. It should not only facilitate the monitoring of PSC in primary care facilities, but also prove conducive to comparison of PSC evolution in different establishments. Lastly, it Could contribute to national and international research on risk management in primary care.

[Benefits and risks of iodine supplementation during pregnancy: a review of observational and experimental studies in mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency areas]. / Bénéfices et risques d'une supplémentation en iode des femmes enceintes: une revue des études observationnelles et expérimentales en régions de carence iodée légère à modérée.

BACKGROUND: The iodine status of the French population has been improved since 1952. As iodine requirements increase during pregnancy, the World Health Organization recommended in 2005 systematic iodine supplementation for pregnant women. Our work tried to assess the benefits and risks of iodine supplementation during pregnancy. METHODS: We reviewed the international literature from 1991 to 2011 and consulted the main references databases. Keywords were combined with boolean operators AND and OR. Selected studies were assessed with Consort grid. RESULTS: Among 226 papers, 99 were original articles. After analysis, 13 studies were included in this review. A favorable trend toward iodine supplementation from pregnancy desire to the end of pregnancy was observed. Iodine supplementation may prevent psychomotor and neuro-intellectual disorders. CONCLUSION: Iodine status of pregnant women could be improved before pregnancy by more widespread use of iodized salt and iodine-enriched bread in French households. A randomized controlled trial is recommended to confirm the benefit of iodine supplementation.

[Which definition and taxonomy of incident to use for a French reporting system in primary care settings?]. / Quelle définition et taxonomie utiliser pour un recueil d'événements indésirables associés aux soins primaires en France?

BACKGROUND: There is no widely accepted definition of incident for primary care doctors in France and no taxonomic classification system for epidemiological use. In preparation for a future epidemiological study on primary care incidents in France (the ESPRIT study), this work was designed to identify the definitions and taxonomic classifications used internationally along with the usual methods and results in terms of frequency in the literature. The goal was to determine a French definition and taxonomy. DESIGN: Systematic review of the literature and consensus methods. METHOD: An exhaustive search of epidemiological surveys was performed. A structured grid was used. After having identified the definitions used in the literature, a definition was chosen using the focus groups method. Taxonomies identified in the literature were classified by relationship, architecture, code number, and number of studies published. Subsequently, a consensus among experts, who independently tested these taxonomies on six incidents, was reached for choosing the most appropriate for epidemiological data collection (little information on a large number of cases). RESULTS: Twenty-four papers reporting 17 studies were selected among 139 articles. Five definitions and eight taxonomies were found. The chosen definition of incident was based on the WHO definition "A patient safety incident is an event or circumstance that could have resulted, or did result, in harm to a patient, and whose wish it is not repeated again". The test of incidents resulted in the choice of the TAPS version of the International Taxonomy of Medical Error in Primary Care for a reproducible and internationally recognized codification and the tempos method for its current use in French general practice. DISCUSSION: The definitions, taxonomies, data collection characteristics and frequency of incidents results in the international literature on incidents in primary care are key components for the preparation of an epidemiological survey on incidents in primary care.