The global prevalence of primary ovarian insufficiency and early menopause: a meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the global prevalence of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and early menopause (EM). Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in several databases to retrieve relevant English articles published between 1980 and 2017. To assess the methodological quality of the studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used. The heterogeneity of results across the studies was assessed using Cochran's Q test and quantified by the I2 statistic. Prevalence estimates of all studies were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis model at a confidence level of 95%. Results: A total of 8937 potentially relevant articles were identified from the initial searches. Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of POI and EM was calculated as 3.7% (95% confidence interval: 3.1, 4.3) and 12.2% (95% confidence interval: 10.5, 14), respectively. The prevalence of POI was higher in medium and low Human Development Index countries. The prevalence trend did not change over time. Conclusion: The prevalence of POI and EM in women is considerable. The results of this study could contribute to consciousness-raising of health policy-makers toward the necessity of prioritizing, planning, and allocating health resources as preventive and treatment interventions for these women.

An inventory for assessment of female workers' health promotion behaviour based on the integrated model of planned behaviour and self-efficacy.

This study aimed to develop and assess the psychometric properties of an Inventory for Iranian Female Workers' Health Promotion Assessment (IWAHPA). In the first phase of the study a content analysis approach was applied to explore the meaning of health promoting behaviours among female workers. A 120-item questionnaire was developed, based on the integrated model of planned behaviour and self-efficacy. In the second phase the instruments' psychometric properties were assessed. Scale level content validity index was 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis showed confirmatory factor index 0.97, goodness of fit index 0.95 and root mean square error of approximation 0.05. Concurrent validity versus the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II showed r = 0.60. Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.70 to 0.93 across the subscales. Test-retest reliability revealed no significant differences. The IWAHPA is a culturally sensitive instrument, with a satisfactory level of validity and reliability, that can be used for planning female workers' health services.