ABSTRACT
We present the first free flap operation to our knowledge for a patient with squamous cell carcinoma on a lesion of discoid lupus erythematosus. Although the disease affects the skin, the defect was reconstructed successfully with a free radial forearm fasciocutaneous flap.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Facial Neoplasms/surgery , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid/complications , Parotid Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Facial Neoplasms/complications , Facial Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Parotid Neoplasms/complications , Parotid Neoplasms/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/complications , Skin Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Gynecomastia is an excessive development of the male breast. Surgery is the accepted standard method for treatment. In our department, 5 male patients ranging in age from 18 to 24 years who had grade I-IIA-IIB gynecomastia according to Simon's classification were operated on with a lighted retractor-assisted transaxillary approach. Dissection, excision, and hemostasis were performed under direct vision by using the lighted retractor. The glands and adjacent fat were removed en bloc. The axillary scar was barely visible. The patients were satisfied with the results. Gynecomastia correction with a lighted retractor-assisted transaxillary approach is feasible for those who have grade I-IIA-IIB gynecomastia according to Simon's classification and also for those who do not want to have scars on their breasts' esthetic units and have a tendency towards keloid formation. Scars can be kept in the hidden area, with no considerable complication. The lighted retractor facilitates the transaxillary approach and provides appropriate dissection, excision, and hemostasis.
