To watch or not to watch: When reviewing body-worn camera footage improves police reports.

OBJECTIVE: We assessed how police officers' review of body-worn camera (BWC) footage, either before or after writing an initial report, affects subsequent police reports. HYPOTHESES: We had competing hypotheses regarding the effect of BWC footage review before writing a police report on the total amount of information reported (Hypothesis 1) but expected it to increase "on-camera" details while reducing "off-camera" details (Hypothesis 2) and increase the accuracy of reports (Hypothesis 3). We predicted that footage review after writing an initial report would result in more complete and more accurate revised reports (Hypothesis 4). METHOD: We conducted a field experiment with 102 Dutch police officers taking part in a training exercise in which they responded, in pairs, to an emergency call about physical abuse. One of the pair members wore a BWC. After interacting with and arresting the suspect, the officers went into separate rooms to write individual police reports. One pair member first watched the BWC footage and then wrote the report (watch first condition); the other pair member first wrote the report, then watched the footage and could revise the original report (write first condition). RESULTS: Surprisingly, reports in the watch first condition did not differ significantly in amount, observability on footage, or accuracy from original or revised reports in the write first condition. However, police officers in the write first condition significantly improved both the amount and accuracy of their reports after footage review, though effect sizes were small (amount: d = .13, 95% CI [.08, .18]; accuracy: d = .20, [.05, .36]). CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that police officers watch BWC footage only after they have written down their memories of the incident. If they revise their report after watching the footage, they should clearly identify the revisions made alongside the source of those revisions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Writing Alone or Together: Police Officers' Collaborative Reports of an Incident.

After witnessing an incident, police officers may write their report collaboratively. We examined how collaboration influences the amount and accuracy of information in police reports. Eighty-six police officers participated, in pairs, in a live training scenario. Officers wrote a report about the incident, either with their partner or individually. Reports by two officers working together (collaborative performance) contained less information than reports by two officers working individually (nominal performance), with no difference in accuracy. After the first report, officers who had worked individually wrote a collaborative report. Police officers who recorded their own memories prior to collaboration included less incorrect information in the collaborative report than police officers who wrote a collaborative report immediately after the incident. Finally, content-focused retrieval strategies (acknowledge, repeat, rephrase, elaborate) during the officers' discussion positively predicted the amount of information in collaborative reports. Practical recommendations for the police and suggestions for further research are provided.