Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/veterinary , Dog Diseases/enzymology , Kidney Neoplasms/veterinary , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood , Adenocarcinoma/enzymology , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Animals , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Fatal Outcome , Female , Kidney Neoplasms/enzymology , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm MetastasisABSTRACT
A cognitive-behavioral treatment program for aggressive children was assessed using 12 outcome measures classified into five categories which reflected a continuum of generalization of treatment effects. From a summer daycamp 41 children, ages 7 through 12, were selected based on aggressive behavior displayed during the first week of camp. They were randomly assigned to either a treatment group or a non-treatment control group. Treatment consisted of four weeks of coping-skills training using behavioral rehearsal and self-instruction training. Considering all 12 measures, treatment was found effective (F = 2.90, p less than .01). The most meaningful results included improved interpersonal problem-solving skills and a decrease in being disciplined for fighting. No changes were found, however, in physical or verbal aggression and in peer rating of aggression. Modest support for the effectiveness of these treatment procedures was identified, although caution is needed in considering their clinical utility. Further research and application appear justified.
Subject(s)
Aggression , Behavior Therapy/methods , Child Behavior Disorders/therapy , Cognition , Generalization, Psychological , Adaptation, Psychological , Aggression/psychology , Child , Child Behavior Disorders/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Residential TreatmentABSTRACT
This review summarizes many of the major issues and findings appearing over the last 40 years in the descriptive, theoretical, and experimental literature about adolescent inpatient treatment. The discussion of program design emphasizes the milieu, psychotherapy modalities, and the mixed vs all-adolescent ward controversy. Treatment theory proposes corrective relationships, internalization of external controls and structure, and conflict resolution as the dynamic agents for therapeutic change. There are disputes about whether short or long hospital stays are optimal for these agents to do their work. Despite methodological problems, follow-up research supports the effectiveness of inpatient care for adolescents. Some suggestions are made for improving the understanding of the patient characteristics and treatment ingredients relevant to positive outcome through more comprehensive research questions and collaborative work.
