ABSTRACT
Pre-participation screening and tracking of an athlete's functional status during a competitive season is essential to maintaining optimal performance. The sport of basketball had the third highest number of boys and girls participating during the 2018-2019 season (23), which typically occurs October to March each year. The Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS; 10) has been administered to some youth athletes from various sports, however, both males and females from basketball have not been studied extensively. The purposes of this study were: 1) to assess functional movements before and after the natural progression of a high school competitive basketball season; 2) to determine if there were functional movement differences between male and female youth basketball players. Eighteen male (n = 10) and female (n = 8) high school basketball players completed the FMS pre- and post-season. Scores were analyzed using a mixed-model ANOVA. No significant differences were found for Time or Sex for composite FMS scores (Mean ± SD, Pre-season: 16.2 ± 2.1, Post-season: 17.1 ± 1.4; Males: 16.8 ± 1.8, Females: 16.5 ± 2.0). Specific FMS tests were compared pre- to post-season using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and were not significantly different after the competitive season or between the sexes. Sex differences relating to overall FMS composite scores or specific test scores were not apparent in this age group or sport. In this small group of high school basketball players, participation in a competitive, high school basketball season did not limit nor enhance functional movement ability.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise has been noted to improve wound healing rates in mice and people, but different intensities of exercise may have different impacts on healing rates. It is important to determine the most beneficial exercise intensity for improving wound healing in people with type 2 diabetes to help prevent wounds from becoming chronic, greatly reduce pain and immobility, and lower the high cost of health care associated with treatment. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of low-intensity exercise compared with high-intensity exercise in terms of the rate of wound healing in diabetic mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one 10-week-old female diabetic mice were randomly assigned to a sedentary control group (CON), low-intensity treadmill exercise (LEX) group, or high-intensity treadmill exercise (HEX) group. Mice were exercised for 30 minutes, 5 days per week, for 3 weeks. Mice were wounded on their upper back with a 3.5-mm punch biopsy instrument, and wounds were photographed at the same time every day. RESULTS: In terms of the length of time it took wounds to fully heal, CON mice healed in an average of 14.4 ± 2.4 days (number of days to decrease to less than 10% of their original size ± standard deviation) and HEX mice in 14.0 ± 3.0 days (P = .396). However, LEX mice healed faster than CON in an average of 10.1 ± 2.3 days (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary investigation, low-intensity exercise accelerated wound healing rates in diabetic mice but high-intensity exercise did not. Future studies should investigate the mechanisms behind this effect and evaluate different intensities of exercise on wound healing in humans with type 2 diabetes.
