ABSTRACT
Genetic diversity within Vicia faba L. is key to the genetic improvement of this important species. In this study, morphological traits and RAPD molecular markers were used to assess the levels of polymorphism across 12 Tunisian populations, three major and nine minor from different locations. Analysis of morphological traits indicated that the three major populations showed significant differences and the nine minor populations exhibited considerable variation for most traits. The grain yield of the Alia population could be increased by inoculation. Of the seven primers tested, it was clear that the Cs12 primer would be recommend for genetic diversity analysis of V. faba.Within population genetic diversity exhibited 94% of total diversity. Intra-population genetic diversity (HS) was 0.16, which was clearly higher than between population genetic diversity (DST = 0.06) UPG-MA showed a high level of genetic variation between major and minor populations of V. faba L. Particularly the minor populations showed a high level of diversity and was divided into two subclusters. Ltaifia was separated from the other populations. In addition to a high grain yield, these populations showed the lowest Nei and Shannon indices (H = 0.08 and I = 0.13) justifying their homogeneity. For these reasons, these cultivars can be considered a selected population. However, the Takelsa population showed the highest Nei and Shannon indices (H = 0.13 and I = 0.21), indicating that this population was the most heterogeneous, which is interesting for breeding programs.
Subject(s)
Genetic Variation , Quantitative Trait, Heritable , Vicia faba/anatomy & histology , Vicia faba/genetics , Genetic Markers , Genetics, Population , Phylogeny , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA TechniqueABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the results of phacoemulsification in eyes with white cataract using trypan blue for capsule staining. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients who had white cataract were included in this prospective study. They had phacoemulsification and continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis using trypan blue. Intraoperative problems related to capsulorhexis and phacoemulsification as well as postoperative outcomes where analyzed. Postoperative examinations were done at 1 day, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The mean follow-up was 10 months. RESULTS: Complet capsulorhexis was achieved in 26 cases. Intraoperative complications included incomplet capsulorhexis in four cases (13.3%) and conversion to a conventional extraction technique in two cases. There were no cases of posterior capsular tear. Twenty-eight eyes (93.3%) had a final best corrected visual acuity at 8/10 or better. Postoperative complications included moderate transient corneal edema in six cases (20%) and iritis in three cases (10%). There were no complications related to the use of trypan blue. CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification using trypan blue was safe and effective in managing white cataract and had a high success rate.
Subject(s)
Capsulorhexis/methods , Coloring Agents/therapeutic use , Phacoemulsification/methods , Trypan Blue/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cataract/classification , Cataract/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phacoemulsification/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Cortisone glaucoma is a secondary glaucoma induced by local or oral steroids used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study including 43 eyes of 23 patients (three patients were monophthalmos). We present epidemiological and clinical features with evaluation of functional damage (visual acuity, visual field), and therapeutic results with a follow-up period ranging from 2 to 10 years. RESULTS: Topical steroids were incriminated in 15 of 23 cases (self-medication), whereas general steroids (for chronic diseases) were used by eight patients. Visual function was seriously affected (visual acuity<1/10 in 23/43 eyes at the first visit with pronounced visual field abnormalities). Surgery was necessary in 16 of 43 eyes (deep sclerectomy with or without implant, trabeculectomy). DISCUSSION: Cortisone glaucoma is rather frequent in Tunisia where conjunctival allergy and self-medication are common. Young adults are concerned, making it a high surgical risk usually requiring surgical devices such as a T Flux implant. CONCLUSION: Cortisone glaucoma is a serious complication of steroid therapy that usually affects young adults. The disease is usually detected late, explaining the severe functional damage.
