Severe Chronic Gingivitis in Association With Hypothyroidism and Grade 2 Adenoid Hypertrophy: A Case Report.

Hypothyroidism is the second-commonest endocrine disorder in the world. Similarly, gingivitis is also a highly prevalent oral condition in every population globally. Adenoid hypertrophy and associated mouth breathing may aggravate preexisting gingival inflammation. Here, we are presenting the case of a 22-year-old female gingivitis patient with bleeding from gums on the slightest provocation and with a two-year history of preexisting hypothyroidism. Thorough systemic examinations and investigations ruled out the presence of hematological and/or coagulation disorders. However, she was found to have grade 2 adenoid hypertrophy along with a habit of mouth breathing. Periodontal and systemic management of the patient has resolved her gingival bleeding to a greater extent. Still, there remain a lot of ambiguity and a lack of clarity about the exact etiology and mechanism of pathogenesis behind her oral and general health status. Cases like these pose a diagnostic challenge for the treating dentist or periodontist and thus require a coordinated and collaborative effort of multiple health specialties.

An Unusual Simultaneous Occurrence of Diabetes and Hypothyroidism in a Periodontitis Patient: A Case Report.

Periodontal disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypothyroidism are commonly prevalent non-communicable diseases afflicting the human population all over the world, with the added burden on the health care system increasing the overall morbidity. It has been seen through various shreds of evidence that systemic diseases may influence the course of the localized disease and vice versa. Here, we report a case of 38-year-old female periodontitis patient also diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism. Periodontitis is one of the complications of diabetes. But the occurrence of periodontal disease is a less common intra-oral finding in hypothyroidism as compared to diabetes. All these three chronic diseases were simultaneously observed in this patient, which is a rare occurrence and can adversely affect her overall prognosis. This case report highlights the need for a systematic interdisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and management of such cases.