[Effectiveness of metabolic therapy in elderly patients with discirculatory encephalopathy and moderate cognitive disorders.]

The effectiveness of neurometabolic therapy in patients with various stages of discirculatory encephalopathy was assessed according to the severity of cognitive impairment. Using a number of studies [clock drawing test, MMSE, Spielberger-Hanin, Bourdon test and cognitive evoked potentials (P300 peak)], cognitive functions of 60 elderly patients (mean age - 61,3±12,4 years) with various degrees of chronic head ischemia were analyzed brain and discirculatory encephalopathy of the I-III stages. Depending on the treatment regimen, patients were divided into 2 groups: 34 (the main group) received Cytoflavin in the treatment regimen: 2 tablets 2 times/day for 2 months. The comparison group consisted of 26 patients who received basic therapy without Cytoflavin. The majority (81,7%) of patients revealed cognitive disorders of varying severity. The inclusion of Cytoflavin in the treatment regimen improved the performance of neuropsychological tests (concentration and stability of attention, memory indicators, decreased reactive anxiety and smoothing signs of dementia), as evidenced by the positive dynamics of the CVP test (shortening the latency period and increasing the amplitude of the P300 peak, and as a result, reducing the coefficient latency / amplitude ratios).

Analysis of K-ras codon 12 and TP53 mutations in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer, affecting 3 - 5% of the global population. K-ras protooncogene and TP53 tumour suppressor gene mutations are among the most common genetic alterations detected in advanced colorectal tumours. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of K-ras codon 12 and TP53 exons 5 - 9 mutations in late-stage CRC patients. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 249 CRC patients, of whom 147 presented with advanced carcinoma. K-ras codon 12 mutations were analysed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, while direct sequencing was used in screening for TP53 exons 5 - 9 mutations. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in TP53 exons 5 - 9, except for two cases in which nucleotide replacements were observed in the non-coding regions in intron 4 (c.376-19C>T) and intron 9 (c.993+12T>C). Heterozygous mutations in K-ras codon 12 were observed in 79 individuals suffering from advanced CRC (53.7%). Colon and rectal tumours were equally distributed among the heterozygotes, but colon tumours were mostly present in wild-type homozygotes (84.6%). There was also a predominance of Caucasians among heterozygotes and a predominance of Asians among the wild-type homozygotes. CONCLUSION: Analysis of peripheral blood samples of CRC patients suffering from advanced carcinoma has prognostic value only for K-ras codon 12 mutations, and not for TP53 mutations.

[Event-related potentials in moderate cognitive impairment in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia treated with cytoflavin].

Authors compared cognitive functions in 60 patients (main group) with different stages of discirculatory encephalopathy (DE), I, II and III stages. A comparison group included 10 age-matched normals without DE. All patients underwent a clinical-neurological investigation and performed neuropsychological tests (MMSE, the Clock drawing test, Burdon probe) and Spilberger-Khanin test. Cognitive evoked potentials, including P300, were recorded. Results revealed the decrease in performance on neuropsychological tests and P300 components that indicated the slowing of metabolic processes in the cerebral cells of patients with DE. In patients treated with cytoflavin, the activation of metabolic processes in the brain cells that indicated the protection of the cellular cluster clinically manifested itself in neurocognitive and electrophysiological improvements was observed.

[Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: immunological studies]. / Immunologicheskie issledovaniia pri ostroi revmaticheskoi likhoradke i revmaticheskikh porokakh serdtsa.

A total of 216 patients with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart from the Institute of Rheumatology and 126 patients with rheumatic heart diseases alone from the Center of Cardiosurgery were clinically and immunologically studied. The immunological study included the detection of b-hemolytic group A streptococcus, O-antistreptolysin, the measurement of C-reactive protein, immunoglobulins, C3, C4, Ciq-binding, anticardiolipin antibodies, etc. The findings indicated that the secondary penicillin prophylaxis prevents streptococcal pharyngitis and recurrence of acute rheumatic fever after 5 years. The high levels of Ciq-binding and anticardiolipin antibodies were directly proportional to the incidence rates of acute endocarditis and associated with the occurrence of venous and arterial thromboses.

[The neuroendocrine system and specific factors of immunity in pesticide poisoning]. / Neiroendokrinnaia sistema i spetsificheskie faktory immuniteta pri otravlenii pestitsidami.

Experiments performed effects of chronic administration of organophosphate pesticide "Antio" (dose 1/100 LD50) on specific factors of immunity and corticosterone (CS) levels in the blood. Adult male Wistar rats were used in all experiments. The immunological indexes were increased, CS levels were decreased.

[The lymphocyte acetylcholinesterase activity in rats poisoned by pesticides]. / Aktivnost' atsetilkholinésterazy limfotsitov krys pri intoksikatsii pestitsidami.

The experiments carried out present the evidence of acetylcholinesterase activity of Wistar rat lymphocytes. It was shown that splenocytes and thymocytes had significantly different levels of the enzyme activity. Peroral administration of phosphor-organic pesticide antio (phormothion) 1/100 and 1/20 LD50 induced the dose-dependent inhibition of splenocyte acetylcholine-esterase activity after 2 months of treatment. It suggests the relation of the immunosuppressive action of pesticide with the interference into the neuromediator mechanisms regulating the lymphoid cell function.