ABSTRACT
Muscle fatigue is common in many populations, particularly elderlies. Aging increases the incidence of muscle fatigue and delays its recovery. There is a huge debate about the current treatments for muscle fatigue, particularly in elderlies. Recently, it has been discovered that mechanoreceptors have an important role as a sensory system in sensing muscle fatigue which could enhance the body's response to muscle fatigue. The function of mechanoreceptors could be enhanced by applying either suprathreshold or subthreshold vibration. Although suprathreshold vibration improves muscle fatigue, it can cause desensitization of cutaneous receptors, discomfort, and paresthesia, which are barriers to clinical use. Subthreshold vibration has been approved as a safe and effective method of training for mechanoreceptors; however, its use and effectiveness in muscle fatigue have never been tested or explained. Possible physiological effects of subthreshold vibration in the treatment of muscle fatigue include: (1) Enhancing the function of mechanoreceptors themselves; (2) Increasing the firing rate and function of alpha motor neurons; (3) Increasing blood flow to fatigued muscles; (4) Decreasing the rate of muscle cell death in elderlies (sarcopenia); and (5) Driving motor commands and allow better performance of muscles to decrease fatigue incidence. In conclusion, the use of subthreshold vibration could be a safe and effective treatment for muscle fatigue in elderlies. It could enhance recovery from muscle fatigue. Finally, Subthreshold Vibration is safe and effective in treating muscle fatigue in comparison to suprathreshold vibration.
ABSTRACT
A best evidence topic has been constructed using a described protocol. The three-part question addressed was: In patients with Infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), Does endovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR), AS compared to open surgical repair (OSR), has higher Survival rates? The outcomes assessed were the overall survival rates in both techniques. The best evidence showed that there is no statistically significant difference between EVAR and OSR in survival rates.
ABSTRACT
A best evidence topic has been constructed using a described protocol. The three-part question addressed was: In patients with Infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), Does endovascular abdominal aortic repair (EVAR), AS compared to open surgical repair (OSR), has lower secondary rupture rates? The outcomes assessed were the secondary rupture rate in both techniques. The best evidence showed that The OSR has statistically significant lower secondary rupture rates than the EVAR.
