ABSTRACT
Primary hyperoxaluria is a group of rare inherited diseases characterized by impaired oxalate metabolism with the early manifestation of urolithiasis and the development of the chronic kidney disease. The mutations in the AGXT, GRHPR, HOGA1 genes are attributable for different types of primary hyperoxaluria leading to the dysfunction of specific enzymes involved in the oxalate metabolism. The article summary the current data on the epidemiology, genetic and biochemical aspects of pathogenesis of the primary hyperoxaluria types 1-3. The variety of clinical signs and disease severity depend on the type of hyperoxaluria.
Subject(s)
Hyperoxaluria, Primary , Urolithiasis , Humans , Hyperoxaluria, Primary/epidemiology , Hyperoxaluria, Primary/genetics , Mutation , Urolithiasis/epidemiology , Urolithiasis/geneticsABSTRACT
The significance of diabetes is not only due to its high prevalence, but also to its serious complications. Urinary disturbances, which are referred as diabetic cystopathy, are among the most common complications of diabetes. The current data on the prevalence, manifestations, and possible pathogenesis of diabetic cystopathy are presented in the review of literature.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Complications , Diabetes Mellitus , Urologic Diseases , Humans , Prevalence , Urinary Bladder Diseases , Urinary Tract , Urologic Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
This is a literature review on the role of microbial flora in the development of recurrent urolithiasis. The authors outline pathogenetic aspects of recurrent stone formation associated bacterial flora. A number of studies reported that standard urine culture has limited sensitivity in detecting urinary tract infection.
