Deciphering the future of electric vehicles amid emissions and adoption drivers.

Climate change and CO2 emissions are critical challenges for the environment and humanity. There is extensive literature on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in particular CO2 emissions. However, comprehensive analyses focusing on electric vehicles (EVs) and their impact are lacking. This study fills this gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of 1143 peer-reviewed studies from 1989 to 2023. We aimed to identify influential contributions, understand the field's structure, and reveal research gaps. Analysis included citation networks, research impact, authorship patterns, content, and publication trends. We utilized bibliometric techniques to identify the most dominant countries, institutions, authors, journals, articles, and thematic areas related to EVs and emissions. Additionally, we overviewed publications associated with key search terms. Guided by five research dimensions (EVs, emissions, adoption, policies, and infrastructures), we framed specific research questions. This research provides valuable insights for environmentalists, policymakers, regulators, and academic researchers, facilitating access to crucial data on EVs and emissions.

Global research trends in Total Body Irradiation: a bibliometric analysis.

Objectives: This manuscript presents a bibliometric and visualization analysis of Total Body Irradiation (TBI) research, aiming to elucidate trends, gaps, and future directions in the field. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the global research landscape of TBI, highlighting its key contributions, evolving trends, and potential areas for future exploration. Methods: The data for this study were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), encompassing articles published up to May 2023. The analysis included original studies, abstracts, and review articles focusing on TBI-related research. Bibliometric indicators such as total publications (TP), total citations (TC), and citations per publication (C/P) were utilized to assess the research output and impact. Visualization tools such as VOS Viewer were employed for thematic mapping and to illustrate international collaboration networks. Results: The analysis revealed a substantial body of literature, with 7,315 articles published by 2,650 institutions involving, 13,979 authors. Full-length articles were predominant, highlighting their central role in the dissemination of TBI research. The authorship pattern indicated a diverse range of scholarly influences, with both established and emerging researchers contributing significantly. The USA led in global contributions, with significant international collaborations observed. Recent research trends have focused on refining TBI treatment techniques, investigating long-term patient effects, and advancing dosimetry and biomarker studies for radiation exposure assessments. Conclusions: TBI research exhibits a dynamic and multifaceted landscape, driven by global collaboration and innovation. It highlights the clinical challenges of TBI, such as its adverse effects and the need for tailored treatments in pediatric cases. Crucially, the study also acknowledges the fundamental science underpinning TBI, including its effects on inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, DNA damage, and the varied sensitivity of cells and tissues. This dual focus enhances our understanding of TBI, guiding future research toward innovative solutions and comprehensive care.

Role of Quercetin in DNA Repair: Possible Target to Combat Drug Resistance in Diabetes.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is referred to as hyperglycemia in either fasting or postprandial phases. Oxidative stress, which is defined by an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increased exposure to external stress, and an excessive amount of the cellular defense system against them, results in cellular damage. Increased DNA damage is one of the main causes of genomic instability, and genetic changes are an underlying factor in the emergence of cancer. Through covalent connections with DNA and proteins, quercetin has been demonstrated to offer protection against the creation of oxidative DNA damage. It has been found that quercetin shields DNA from possible oxidative stress-related harm by reducing the production of ROS. Therefore, Quercetin helps to lessen DNA damage and improve the ability of DNA repair mechanisms. This review mainly focuses on the role of quercetin in repairing DNA damage and compensating for drug resistance in diabetic patients. Data on the target topic was obtained from major scientific databases, including SpringerLink, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Medline Plus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Elsevier. In preclinical studies, quercetin guards against DNA deterioration by regulating the degree of lipid peroxidation and enhancing the antioxidant defense system. By reactivating antioxidant enzymes, decreasing ROS levels, and decreasing the levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, Quercetin protects DNA from oxidative damage. In clinical studies, it was found that quercetin supplementation was related to increased antioxidant capacity and decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the experimental group as compared to the placebo group. It is concluded that quercetin has a significant role in DNA repair in order to overcome drug resistance in diabetes.

Prevalence and trends in physical therapy interventions for erectile dysfunction: A Scopus-based bibliometric analysis (1989-2022).

BACKGROUND: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition that affects many males. Physical therapy (PT) is the one potential treatment for ED that may improve blood flow, muscle strength, and other factors that may contribute to the issue. Data on the prevalence and trends of research on PT for ED are lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the literature trends in PT for ED via bibliometric and visualized analysis. METHODS: Data on publications were collected from Scopus covering the period between 1989 and 2022. To refine the data, bibliometric analyses were conducted using Microsoft Access, Microsoft Excel, an online visualization platform, and BiblioAnalytics. Power BI and Bibliomaster were used to generate figures and tables, while Biblioshiny and VOSviewer were used for visualization. RESULTS: A total of 494 documents were identified. The year 2019 generated the largest number of publications, with a total of 54. These studies have received 12,917 citations related to PT for ED. The most common document type was the original article with 283 publications. The University of California, USA, was the most productive institution on this topic, with 21 publications and 2,035 citations. The USA led all countries with 114 publications on the topic. The Journal of Sexual Medicine secured the top ranking with an h-index of 18. The main topics studied were erectile dysfunction, shockwave therapy, and physiotherapy. CONCLUSION: The number of publications on PT for ED has demonstrated an upward trend over the last three decades.

Cardiac Arrhythmia Classification Using Advanced Deep Learning Techniques on Digitized ECG Datasets.

ECG classification or heartbeat classification is an extremely valuable tool in cardiology. Deep learning-based techniques for the analysis of ECG signals assist human experts in the timely diagnosis of cardiac diseases and help save precious lives. This research aims at digitizing a dataset of images of ECG records into time series signals and then applying deep learning (DL) techniques on the digitized dataset. State-of-the-art DL techniques are proposed for the classification of the ECG signals into different cardiac classes. Multiple DL models, including a convolutional neural network (CNN), a long short-term memory (LSTM) network, and a self-supervised learning (SSL)-based model using autoencoders are explored and compared in this study. The models are trained on the dataset generated from ECG plots of patients from various healthcare institutes in Pakistan. First, the ECG images are digitized, segmenting the lead II heartbeats, and then the digitized signals are passed to the proposed deep learning models for classification. Among the different DL models used in this study, the proposed CNN model achieves the highest accuracy of ∼92%. The proposed model is highly accurate and provides fast inference for real-time and direct monitoring of ECG signals that are captured from the electrodes (sensors) placed on different parts of the body. Using the digitized form of ECG signals instead of images for the classification of cardiac arrhythmia allows cardiologists to utilize DL models directly on ECG signals from an ECG machine for the real-time and accurate monitoring of ECGs.

TNIK inhibition sensitizes TNIK-overexpressing lung squamous cell carcinoma to radiotherapy.

Most patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) undergo chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and adjuvant immunotherapy for locally advanced disease. The efficacy of these treatments is still limited due to dose-limiting toxicity or locoregional recurrence. New combination approaches and targets such as actionable oncogenic drivers are needed to advance treatment options for LSCC patients. Moreover, other options for chemotherapy-ineligible patients are also limited. As such there is a critical need for the development of selective and potent chemoradiosensitizers for locally advanced LSCC. Here, we investigated inhibiting TRAF2 and NCK-interacting protein kinase (TNIK), which is amplified in 40% of LSCC patients, as a strategy to sensitize LSCC tumors to chemo- and radiotherapy. Employing a range of human LSCC cell lines and the TNIK inhibitor NCB-0846, we investigated the potential of TNIK as a chemo- and radiosensitizing target with in vitro and in vivo preclinical models. The combination of NCB-0846 with cisplatin or etoposide was at best additive. Interestingly, pre-treating LSCC cells with NCB-0846 prior to ionizing radiation (IR) potentiated the cytotoxicity of IR in a TNIK-specific fashion. Characterization of the radiosensitization mechanism suggested that TNIK inhibition may impair the DNA damage response and promote mitotic catastrophe in irradiated cells. In a subcutaneous xenograft in vivo model, pretreatment with NCB-0846 significantly enhanced the efficacy of IR and caused elevated necrosis in TNIKhigh LK2 tumors but not TNIKlow KNS62 tumors. Overall, these results indicate that TNIK inhibition may be a promising strategy to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy in LSCC patients with high TNIK expression.

Early predictors in language-based learning disabilities: a bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: Language-based learning disabilities (LBLD) refers to a spectrum of neurodevelopmental-associated disorders that are characterized by cognitive and behavioral differences in comprehending, processing and utilizing spoken and/or written language. The focus of this work was on identifying early predictors of three main specific LBLD including dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia. Methods: The Web of Science (WoS) was searched for literature related to (neurocognitive, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging) measurements used to identify early predictors of LBLD from 1991 to 25 October 2021. A retrospective bibliometric analysis was performed to analyze collaboration among countries, institutions, authors, publishing journals, reference co-citation patterns, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering, and burst keywords using Biblioanalytics software. Results: In total, 921 publications related to the identification of LBLD using (neurocognitive, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging) modalities were included. The data analysis shows a slow growth in research on the topic in the 90s and early 2000 and growing trend in recent years. The most prolific and cited journal is Neuroimage, followed by Neuropsychologia. The United States and Finland's Universities Jyvaskyla and Helsinki are the leading country and institution in this field, respectively. "Neuroimaging," "brain," "fMRI," "cognitive predictor," "comorbidity," "cortical thickness" were identified as hotspots and trends of (neurocognitive, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging) modalities in the identification of LBLD. Discussion: Early predictors of LBLDs would be useful as targets for specific prevention and intervention programs to be implemented at very young ages, which could have a significant clinical impact. A novel finding of neuroimaging predictors combined with neurocognitive and neuropsychological batteries may have implications for future research.

Phylogenetic Analysis and Emerging Drug Resistance against Different Nucleoside Analogues in Hepatitis B Virus Positive Patients.

Several nucleotide analogues have been approved for use in treating hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Long-term exposure to therapy leads to the emergence of mutations within the HBV DNA polymerase gene, resulting in drug resistance, a major factor contributing to therapy failure. Chronic HBV patients from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan, who had completed 6 months of therapy participated in this study. Samples were collected from 60 patients. In this study, the entire reverse transcriptase domain of the HBV polymerase gene was amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. Drug-resistant mutations were detected in nine (22.5%) patients. All of these patients had lamivudine-resistant mutations (rtM204V + L180M), while seven individuals (17.5%) had both lamivudine- plus entecavir-resistant mutations (L180M + M204V + S202G). N236T, a mutation that gives rise to tenofovir and adefovir resistance, was observed in two (5%) patients. T184A, a partial drug-resistant mutation to entecavir, was found in five (12.5%) patients. Furthermore, other genotypic variants (100%) and vaccine escape mutations (5%) were additionally observed. Moreover, pN459Y (35%), pN131D (20%), pL231S (20%), pP130Q (17.5%), pS189Q (12.5%), pP161S (5%), pH160P (2.5%), pT322S (2.5%), and pA223S (2.5%) mutations in the polymerase gene, as well as sA166V (17.5%), sQ181K (12.5%), sV184R (7.5%), sA17E (5%), sP153S/K (5%), sW156C (5%), sC76Y (2.5%), and S132F (2.5%) mutations in the small surface gene, were identified for the first time in this study. Phylogenetic analysis showed that genotype D was predominant amongst the HBV carriers. Subtype D1 was found in most patients, while two patients were subtype D9. These novel findings may contribute to the body of knowledge and have clinical significance for treating and curing HBV infections in Pakistan.

Antibiotic Resistance Profiling and Phylogenicity of Uropathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are healthcare problems that commonly involve bacterial and, in some rare instances, fungal or viral infections. The irrational prescription and use of antibiotics in UTI treatment have led to an increase in antibiotic resistance. Urine samples (145) were collected from male and female patients from Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Biochemical analyses were carried out to identify uropathogens. Molecular analysis for the identification of 16S ribosomal RNA in samples was performed via Sanger sequencing. Evolutionary linkage was determined using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis-7 (MEGA-7). The study observed significant growth in 52% of the samples (83/145). Gram-negative bacteria were identified in 85.5% of samples, while Gram-positive bacteria were reported in 14.5%. The UTI prevalence was 67.5% in females and 32.5% in males. The most prevalent uropathogenic bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (39.7%, 33/83), followed by Escherichia coli (27.7%, 23/83), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.8%, 9/83), Staphylococcus aureus (9.6%, 8/83), Proteus mirabilis (7.2%, 6/83) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (4.8%, 4/83). Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbor-joining method, further confirming the relation of the isolates in our study with previously reported uropathogenic isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility tests identified K. pneumonia as being sensitive to imipenem (100%) and fosfomycin (78.7%) and resistant to cefuroxime (100%) and ciprofloxacin (94%). Similarly, E. coli showed high susceptibility to imipenem (100%), fosfomycin (78.2%) and nitrofurantoin (78.2%), and resistance to ciprofloxacin (100%) and cefuroxime (100%). Imipenem was identified as the most effective antibiotic, while cefuroxime and ciprofloxacin were the least. The phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and P. mirabilis clustered with each other and the reference sequences, indicating high similarity (based on 16S rRNA sequencing). It can be concluded that genetically varied uropathogenic organisms are commonly present within the KP population. Our findings demonstrate the need to optimize antibiotic use in treating UTIs and the prevention of antibiotic resistance in the KP population.

An investigation of emerging COVID-19 research trends and future implications for LIS field: A bibliometric mapping and visualization.

The COVID-19 epidemic has proved a nightmare for human beings living all across the globe. It has severely affected all segments of human life. Consequently, enormous research has been conducted to assess and counter this global pandemic. This study reports finding of a bibliometric analysis on COVID-19 related literature published in the Library and Information Science journals, to identify current research trends and to suggest future directions for further research. It reveals a substantial increase in LIS publications on COVID-19 in the year 2020. The findings of the study are presented in two sections: first, the research productivity analysis provides an overview of the prominent authors, sources, institutions, and countries that published about COVID-19 in the LIS field. The second section offers a co-word thematic analysis of the significant emerging themes that provide an insight into current challenges faced by libraries and suggest future trends for research and practice in post-COVID era. The study exposes 5 major research themes and 11 sub-themes.

Exploring the robustness of DNA nanotubes framework for anticancer theranostics toward the 2D/3D clusters of hypopharyngeal respiratory tumor cells.

This study aimed to develop a robust approach for the early diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Short circular DNA nanotechnology synthesized a stiff and compact DNA nanotubes (DNA-NTs) framework. TW-37, a small molecular drug, was loaded into DNA-NTs for BH3-mimetic therapy to elevate the intracellular cytochrome-c levels in 2D/3D hypopharyngeal tumor (FaDu) cell clusters. After anti-EGFR functionalization, the DNA-NTs were tethered with a cytochrome-c binding aptamer, which can be applied to evaluate the elevated intracellular cytochrome-c levels via in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The results showed that DNA-NTs were enriched within the tumor cells via anti-EGFR targeting with a pH-responsive controlled release of TW-37. In this way, it initiated the triple inhibition of "BH3, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1". The triple inhibition of these proteins caused Bax/Bak oligomerization, leading to the perforation of the mitochondrial membrane. This led to the elevation of intracellular cytochrome-c levels, which reacted with the cytochrome-c binding aptamer to produce FRET signals. In this way, we successfully targeted 2D/3D clusters of FaDu tumor cells and achieved the tumor-specific and pH-triggered release of TW-37, causing tumor cell apoptosis. This pilot study suggests that anti-EGFR functionalized, TW-37 loaded, and cytochrome-c binding aptamer tethered DNA-NTs might be the hallmark for early tumor diagnosis and therapy.

Bibliometric analysis of the literature on von Willebrand disease: Research status and trends.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is considered the most prevalent inherited bleeding disorder. The current study aims to demonstrate the research status and trends on VWD worldwide. METHODS: Bibliometric analysis was used to investigate the global research productivity and trends on VWD. The publications on VWD from 1956 to 2021 were extracted using the Web of Science database. In the VWD domain, a total of 3,643 records were analyzed for authorship and collaboration patterns, yearly productivity, highly cited documents, relevant source of publication, most prolific scholars, productive countries, and organizations. RESULTS: The most productive journal, author, organization, and country were 'Haemophilia' with 439 publications, 'Favaloro EJ' with 119 publications, the 'University of Milan' with 192 publications, and the United States of America (USA) with 1,048 publications, respectively. The document with the highest citations was 'Srivastava A, 2013, Haemophilia,' which received 1,154 citations in total. In 2016, the highest number of publications shared by two author patterns was 28. With 199 publications, the year 2021 remained on the top, while the citation-wise analysis identified 2006 as the top year with 5,379 citations. CONCLUSIONS: Research productivity and publication trends on VWD revealed that the USA emerged as the most significant contributing country. The 'University of Milan' was the most significant contributing organization, while 'Favaloro EJ' was the most significant author. 'Hemophilia' was found to be the most significant journal in the field of VWD. It is recommended that researchers from countries with significant contributions to the field should collaborate with researchers from Asian countries and other countries that lack behind in research in the domain of VWD.(www.actabiomedica.it).

A composition-tunable cold atmospheric plasma chip for multiplex-treatment of cells.

Cold atmospheric plasma treatment promises a targeted cancer therapy due to its selectivity and specificity in killing tumor cells. However, the current plasma exposure devices produce diverse and coupled reactive species, impeding the investigation of the underlying plasma-anticancer mechanisms. Also, the limited mono-sample and mono-dosage treatment modality result in tedious and manual experimental tasks. Here, we propose a cold atmospheric plasma chip producing targeted species, delivering multiple dosages, and treating multiple cell lines in a single treatment. Three modules are integrated into the chip. The environment control module and multi-inlet gas-feed module coordinately ignite component-tunable and uniformly distributed plasma. The multi-sample holding module enables multiplex treatment: multi-sample and -dosage treatment with single radiation. By exposing the HepG2 cell line to nitrogen-feed plasmas, we prove the crucial role of nitrogen-based species in inhibiting cell growth and stimulating apoptosis. By loading four-type cell lines on our chip, we can identify the most vulnerable cell line for plasma oncotherapy. Simultaneously, three-level treatment dosages are imposed on the cells with single radiation to optimize the applicable treatment dosage for plasma oncotherapy. Our chip will broaden the design principles of plasma exposure devices, potentially help clarify plasma-induced anticancer mechanisms, and guide the clinical application of plasma-based oncotherapy.

An essential Noc3p dimerization cycle mediates ORC double-hexamer formation in replication licensing.

Replication licensing, a prerequisite of DNA replication, helps to ensure once-per-cell-cycle genome duplication. Some DNA replication-initiation proteins are sequentially loaded onto replication origins to form pre-replicative complexes (pre-RCs). ORC and Noc3p bind replication origins throughout the cell cycle, providing a platform for pre-RC assembly. We previously reported that cell cycle-dependent ORC dimerization is essential for the chromatin loading of the symmetric MCM double-hexamers. Here, we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae separation-of-function NOC3 mutants to confirm the separable roles of Noc3p in DNA replication and ribosome biogenesis. We also show that an essential and cell cycle-dependent Noc3p dimerization cycle regulates the ORC dimerization cycle. Noc3p dimerizes at the M-to-G1 transition and de-dimerizes in S-phase. The Noc3p dimerization cycle coupled with the ORC dimerization cycle enables replication licensing, protects nascent sister replication origins after replication initiation, and prevents re-replication. This study has revealed a new mechanism of replication licensing and elucidated the molecular mechanism of Noc3p as a mediator of ORC dimerization in pre-RC formation.

Recent advancement, immune responses, and mechanism of action of various vaccines against intracellular bacterial infections.

Emerging and re-emerging bacterial infections are a serious threat to human and animal health. Extracellular bacteria are free-living, while facultative intracellular bacteria replicate inside eukaryotic host cells. Many serious human illnesses are now known to be caused by intracellular bacteria such as Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Rickettsia massiliae, Chlamydia species, Brucella abortus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Listeria monocytogenes, which result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Pathogens like Mycobacterium, Brucella, MRSA, Shigella, Listeria, and Salmonella can infiltrate and persist in mammalian host cells, particularly macrophages, where they proliferate and establish a repository, resulting in chronic and recurrent infections. The current treatment for these bacteria involves the application of narrow-spectrum antibiotics. FDA-approved vaccines against obligate intracellular bacterial infections are lacking. The development of vaccines against intracellular pathogenic bacteria are more difficult because host defense against these bacteria requires the activation of the cell-mediated pathway of the immune system, such as CD8+ T and CD4+ T. However, different types of vaccines, including live, attenuated, subunit, killed whole cell, nano-based and DNA vaccines are currently in clinical trials. Substantial development has been made in various vaccine strategies against intracellular pathogenic bacteria. This review focuses on the mechanism of intracellular bacterial infection, host immune response, and recent advancements in vaccine development strategies against various obligate intracellular bacterial infections.

Perspectives from remote sensing to investigate the COVID-19 pandemic: A future-oriented approach.

As scientific technology and space science progress, remote sensing has emerged as an innovative solution to ease the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. To examine the research characteristics and growth trends in using remote sensing for monitoring and managing the COVID-19 research, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on the scientific documents appearing in the Scopus database. A total of 1,509 documents on this study topic were indexed between 2020 and 2022, covering 165 countries, 577 journals, 5239 institutions, and 8,616 authors. The studies related to remote sensing and COVID-19 have a significant increase of 30% with 464 articles. The United States (429 articles, 28.42% of the global output), China (295 articles, 19.54% of the global output), and the United Kingdom (174 articles, 11.53%) appeared as the top three most contributions to the literature related to remote sensing and COVID-19 research. Sustainability, Science of the Total Environment, and International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health were the three most productive journals in this research field. The utmost predominant themes were COVID-19, remote sensing, spatial analysis, coronavirus, lockdown, and air pollution. The expansion of these topics appears to be associated with cross-sectional research on remote sensing, evidence-based tools, satellite mapping, and geographic information systems (GIS). Global pandemic risks will be monitored and managed much more effectively in the coming years with the use of remote sensing technology.

Nanoscale packing of DNA tiles into DNA macromolecular lattices.

Nanoscale double-crossovers (DX), antiparallel (A), and even half-turns-perimeter (E) DNA tiles (DAE-tiles) with rectangular shapes can be packed into large arrays of micrometer-scale lattices. But the features and mechanical strength of DNA assembly made from differently shaped large-sized DAE DNA tiles and the effects of various geometries on the final DNA assembly are yet to be explored. Herein, we focused on examining DNA lattices synthesized from DX bi-triangular, DNA tiles (T) with concave and convex regions along the perimeter of the tiles. The bi-triangular DNA tiles "T(A) and T(B)" were synthesized by self-assembling the freshly prepared short circular scaffold (S) strands "S(A) and S(B)", each of 106 nucleotides (NT) lengths. The tiles "T(A) and T(B)" were then coupled together to get assembled via sticky ends. It resulted in the polymerization of DNA tiles into large-sized DNA lattices with giant micrometer-scale dimensions to form the "T(A) + T(B)" assembly. These DNA macro-frameworks were visualized "in the air" under atomic force microscopy (AFM) employing tapping mode. We have characterized how curvature in DNA tiles may undergo transitions and transformations to adjust the overall torque, strain, twists, and the topology of the final self-assembly array of DNA tiles. According to our results, our large-span DX tiles assembly "T(A) + T(B)" despite the complicated curvatures and mechanics, was successfully packed into giant DNA lattices of the width of 30-500 nm and lengths of 500 nm to over 10 µm. Conclusively, the micrometer-scale "T(A) + T(B)" framework assembly was rigid, stable, stiff, and exhibited enough tensile strength to form monocrystalline lattices.

Applications of Various Types of Nanomaterials for the Treatment of Neurological Disorders.

Neurological disorders (NDs) are recognized as one of the major health concerns globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), neurological disorders are one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. Neurological disorders include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Frontotemporal dementia, Prion disease, Brain tumor, Spinal cord injury, and Stroke. These diseases are considered incurable diseases because no specific therapies are available to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reach the brain in a significant amount for the pharmacological effect in the brain. There is a need for the development of strategies that can improve the efficacy of drugs and circumvent BBB. One of the promising approaches is the use of different types of nano-scale materials. These nano-based drugs have the ability to increase the therapeutic effect, reduce toxicity, exhibit good stability, targeted delivery, and drug loading capacity. Different types and shapes of nanomaterials have been widely used for the treatment of neurological disorders, including quantum dots, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, liposomes, and micelles. These nanoparticles have unique characteristics, including sensitivity, selectivity, and the ability to cross the BBB when used in nano-sized particles, and are widely used for imaging studies and treatment of NDs. In this review, we briefly summarized the recent literature on the use of various nanomaterials and their mechanism of action for the treatment of various types of neurological disorders.

Research productivity in the genetics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (1991-2020): a bibliometric analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Papillary thyroid carcinoma accounts for 85% of thyroid follicular epithelial-derived cancers. The identification of pathogenetic mechanisms improved the understating of papillary thyroid carcinoma pathogenesis. The current study aims to examine the research productivity and trends in the genetics of papillary thyroid carcinoma from 1991 to 2020. METHODS: The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched to retrieve the relevant literature. A search string was applied and 1,741 relevant records were selected for the analysis. Bibliometric techniques were used in the statistical analysis with the help of Biblioshiny (RStudio). RESULTS: The growth in the number of publications was observed to be over a hundred publications per year since 2015. 'Thyroid' published the highest number of publications, followed by 'Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism'. 'Nikiforov YE' was identified as the most productive researcher with a total of 49 publications. Out of the top 20 most contributing researchers, seven belonged to Italy, and four were from the USA. 'University of Pittsburgh' contributed the highest number of publications. The top contributing countries in this field were the USA, China, and Italy. BRAF and RAS were among the frequently used keywords. CONCLUSIONS: This bibliometric review demonstrates that investigating the genetics underlying papillary thyroid carcinoma is a rapidly growing area of research. During the last two decades, China has been a significant contributor to the field. Besides, institutions in USA and Italy have significantly contributed to research in the genetics of papillary thyroid carcinoma. (www.actabiomedica.it).

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution: a global research framework, challenges, and future perspectives.

As a result of extreme modifications in human activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, the status of air quality has recently been improved. This bibliometric study was conducted on a global scale to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution, identify the emerging challenges, and discuss the future perspectives during the course of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. For this, we have estimated the scientific production trends between 2020 and 2021 and investigated the contributions of countries, institutions, authors, and most prominent journals metrics network analysis on the topic of COVID-19 combined with air pollution research spanning the period between January 01, 2020, and June 21, 2021. The search strategy retrieved a wide range of 2003 studies published in scientific journals from the Web of Sciences Core Collection (WoSCC). The findings indicated that (1) publications on COVID-19 pandemic and air pollution were 990 (research articles) in 2021 with 1870 citations; however, the year 2020 witnessed only 830 research articles with a large number 16,600 of citations. (2) China ranked first in the number of publications (n = 365; 18.22% of the global output) and was the main country in international cooperation network, followed by the USA (n = 278; 13.87% of the global output) and India (n = 216; 10.78 of the total articles). (3) By exploring the co-occurrence and links strengths of keywords "COVID-19" (1075; 1092), "air pollution" (286; 771), "SARS-COV-2" (252; 1986). (4) The lessons deduced from the COVID-19 pandemic provide defined measures to reduce air pollution globally. The outcomes of the present study also provide useful guidelines for future research programs and constitute a baseline for researchers in the domain of environmental and health sciences to estimate the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution.